• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제30권11호
• /
• pp.1575-1589
• /
• 2017

Objective: This study was conducted to determine molecular structures related to carbohydrates and lipid in alfalfa hay cut at early bud, late bud and early flower and in the afternoon and next morning using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT/IR) and to determine their relationship with alfalfa hay nutrient profile and availability in ruminants. Methods: Chemical composition analysis, carbohydrate fractionation, in situ ruminal degradability, and DVE/OEB model were used to measure nutrient profile and availability of alfalfa hay. Univariate analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis (CLA) and principal components analysis (PCA) were conducted to identify FT/IR spectra differences. Results: The FT/IR non-structural carbohydrate (NSCHO) to total carbohydrates and NSCHO to structural carbohydrate ratios decreased (p<0.05), while lignin to NSCHO and lipid CH3 symmetric to CH2 symmetric ratios increased with advancing maturity (p<0.05). The FT/IR spectra related to structural carbohydrates, lignin and lipids were distinguished for alfalfa hay at three maturities by PCA and CLA, while FT/IR molecular structures related to carbohydrates and lipids were similar between alfalfa hay cut in the morning and afternoon when analyzed by PCA and CLA analysis. Positive correlations were found for FT/IR NSCHO to total carbohydrate and NSCHO to structural carbohydrate ratios with non-fiber carbohydrate (by wet chemistry), ruminal fast and intermediately degradable carbohydrate fractions and total ruminal degradability of carbohydrates and predicted intestinal nutrient availability in dairy cows ($r{\geq}0.60$; p<0.05) whereas FT/IR lignin to NSCHO and CH3 to CH2 symmetric stretching ratio had negative correlation with predicted ruminal and intestinal nutrient availability of alfalfa hay in dairy cows ($r{\geq}-0.60$; p<0.05). Conclusion: FT/IR carbohydrate and lipid molecular structures in alfalfa hay changed with advancing maturity from early bud to early flower, but not during the day, and these molecular structures correlated with predicted nutrient supply of alfalfa hay in ruminants.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• 제48권3호
• /
• pp.193-200
• /
• 2021

본 연구는 생육 기간에 따른 새싹보리 식물체의 길이, 무게 및 클로로필 함량 분석과 수확량을 통해 양액 처리에 따른 재배 효율성을 평가하고, 생산된 새싹보리의 무기성분 분석과 용매별 추출물의 총 폴리페놀 및 총플라보노이드 함량과 HPLC를 이용한 기능성 물질 분석을 통해 새싹보리의 산업적 이용 가능성을 높이고자 하였다. 새싹보리의 생육에서 무처리구보다 양액 처리구에서 생육속도가 빨랐으며 특히 지상부 길이가 크게 신장하였다. 지상부 길이가 더 증가한 만큼 생체중 또한 증가하였지만 수분 흡수량의 차이보다는 건물중의 증가로 이어졌다. 이는 수확량의 차이로 나타났다. 무처리구와 비교하였을 때 양액 처리구에서 생산량이 유의적으로 증가하였다. 클로로필 함량 분석을 통해 생육 9일차에서 광합성을 통한 독립영양 과정을 확인하였고, 생육 3일차와 6일차에서 양액 처리를 통한 무기성분 투입이 초기 생장에 보조적인 효과가 있다고 판단된다. 새싹보리의 폴리페놀 함량 분석 결과 총 폴리페놀 함량은 무처리구에서 높았지만 총플라보노이드 함량과 luteolin 함량은 양액 처리에 의해 증가하였다. 또한 추출 용매를 물로 사용하였을 때 폴리페놀 추출에 효과적이었다. 따라서 새싹보리 수경재배에서 양액의 투입이 높은 폴리페놀을 가진 새싹보리를 생산하고 생산량 증대에도 효과가 있음을 시사한다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.57-61
• /
• 2004

Many studies have presented results about the antioxidative and antimicrobial activities of Dandelions (Taraxacum officinale). There has yet to be a study which makes comparisons of nutrients based on the parts of the Dandelion. To identify the nutrient composition by part of dandelion, nutrient contents were analyzed. Dandelions were taken from Songpa-gu in Seoul and the nutrient composition of the flower, leaf and root were measured. The nutrient content of each part was analysed by using the method developed by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). The proximate components(moisture, protein, fat, fiber, ash, and carbohydrates), minerals and vitamins of the dandelion were analysed. The nutrient composition of the dandelions showed many significant differences among the parts when the differences were determined by using Duncan's multiple range test. The leaf contains more protein, ash, Ca, K, Mg, Zn, vitamin A, B$_1$, B$_2$, and C than the other parts. The root has much more fiber, carbohydrate, P and Fe content. The results demonstrate that dandelions could be used as a food source supplement for fiber, Ca, Fe and vitamin B$_2$ which are common nutritional deficiencies in Korea. It is recommended that more research for other bio-functional factors besides nutrients composition is needed to enhance the utilization of the dandelion.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.230-235
• /
• 2011

Insomnia has become a major public health issue in recent times. Although quality of sleep is affected by environmental, psychophysiological, and pharmacological factors, diet and nutrient intake also contribute to sleep problems. This study investigated the association between nutrient intake and co-morbid symptoms associated with sleep status among selected adults. Subjects in this study included 87 men and women aged 21-45 years. Presence of insomnia was assessed using the Insomnia Screening Questionnaire, and dietary intake was measured over three consecutive days by dietary survey. Descriptive analysis, ANOVA, and Chi-Square tests were performed to compute and interpret the data. Approximately 60% of the participants were insomniacs. People with insomnia consumed significantly lesser quantities of nutrients as compared to normal sleepers. Differences in intakes of energy, carbohydrates, folic acid, and $B_{12}$ were highly significant (P < 0.002). Further, intakes of protein, fat, and thiamine were significantly different (P < 0.021) between insomniacs and normal sleepers. The nutrient intake pattern of the insomniacs with co-morbid symptoms was quite different from that of the normal sleepers. Based on these results, it is probable that there is an association between nutrition deficiency, co-morbid symptoms, and sleep status. More studies are required to confirm these results.

• 한국유기농업학회지
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.749-758
• /
• 2017

This Research was the standardization of nutrient sources by reviewing the possibility of cultivation and analysis of imported nutrient sources used in Pleurotus ostreatus culture. As a first result, the concentration of heavy metals was not detected or trace, and the total nitrogen content of cotton seed pomace was 6.22% in Australia, which was higher than that of Chinese or USA. As a second result of physical properties of nutrient sources, the water holding capacity of beet pulp from Egypt was higher with increasing pressure. The volume water content of US was highest at 400hpa and 500hpa in case of cottonseed meal. Third, the content of total nitrogen was the highest at pH 5.51 and the total nitrogen content was the highest at 2.45, and the C/N ratio was the highest at 28.18. Last result shows that first germination day, yield and biological effciency of all treatments were not significant differnet except T2. These results shows that australian cootton was inappropriate to Pleurotus ostreatus culture. Nevertheless, the safety and standardization of the Pleurotus ostreatus culture medium should be assured by reviewing the media low material importing season, mushroom yield and nutrient sources.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.22-28
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in food and nutrient intake by smoking status among Korean. Food and nutrient intake in relation to smoking status was studied in 7,370 adults, aged 20 years and older in 1998 Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey, in which 24 hour recall method was used for dietary survey. Information of subject's smoking status was collected by interview as a part of health behavior survey. Analysis of variance was used to test the differences in food and nutrition intake among subjects following after Duncan's multiple range test among four different smoking exposure categories. Food intake of male ex-smoker was the highest in most of the food groups among the four groups of daily current smoker, occasional current smoker, ex-smoker and never smoker. There was significant differences observed in food intake of sugar, fruits, beverage, seasoning by the smoking status. It had been also observed that significantly high intake of energy from carbohydrate in non smoker compare to current smoker especially in male subjects. Fiber and vitamin C intake was also higher among non-smoker (never smoker and ex-smoker) than current smoker. In general, food and nutrient intake pattern of ex-smoker resembled those of never smoker than those of current smoker. Not likely the observation from European and American studies, fat intake was not statistically different between smoker (current) and non-smoker (ex-smoker and never smoker) among Korean.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.846-855
• /
• 2009

This study was performed to assess gender differences in rates of obesity, dietary behaviors, and nutrient intakes among college students living in Gwangju. Anthropometric measurements showed that the body mass indexes (BMIs) of the males and females were $22.1{\pm}2.6$ and $20.1{\pm}2.4$ respectively. All obesity indices including BMI, relative body weight (RBW), % body fat by bioelectrical impedence analysis (BIA), and waist-hip ratio (WHR) were significantly higher in the males than in the females. Abdominal fat was also found to be higher in the males whereas underweight was prominent in the female students. The dietary behaviors of the males as determined by dietary scores, were poorer than those of the females. Twenty-four hour dietary recalls revealed that most nutrient intakes were adequate, exceptions of vitamin C, Ca, and folate intakes in both sexes and Fe intake in the female students. Ca and folate intakes were below 75% of the KDRI for both genders. In addition, Unbalanced energy ratios of carbohydrate, protein, and fat were noted in both genders. Effective nutrition education programs targeting college students should be developed and implemented to increase Ca and folate consumption. It is suggested that gender-based nutrition education approaches be created due to poor dietary behavior in males and inadequate nutrient intakes in female college students.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.63-76
• /
• 1992

This study was carried out to investigate the level of nutritional knowledge dietary behavior and nutrient intakes of rural housewives and to analyze the relationship among each other. The data for this study collected by the interview with questionnaire in 1990 from the 303 rural housewives of 13 districts and 3 cities in Chunbuk province sampled by random sampling method. Statistics used in analysis were frequency, proportion, X2-test and statistical significance was tested at 0.05 level. The main results of the study were summairzed as follows : 1) Nutritional knowledge score of rural housewives was higher, in young age group than in old group and in high income group than in low income. 2) There were not the significant difference between the dietary behavior of the rural housewives and their nutritional knowledge score. 3) As the nutritional knowledge score of the subjects was higher nutrient intakes level of calcium and iron were higher, however, there were not the significant difference between the nutritional knowledge score and nutrient intakes levels of energy, protein and fat respectively. 4) As the level of meal management were high, only protein intake among various nutrients was increased. There were not the significant difference between the nutrient intakes and their food habits.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.115-128
• /
• 2019

This study evaluated the nutrient intake with increasing coffee consumption for 403 adults aged over 30 years in Korea. The 403 subjects were national health screening examinees, who visited Sahmyook Seoul Hospital's Comprehensive Check-up Center between 2017.11.01 and 2018.12.18. The subjects were asked to answer questionnaires covering a 24-hour recall fluid and dietary intake before the health examination. The research ethics council of Sahmyook University (2-7001793-AB-N-012019036HR) approved this study. Coffee consumption exceeding two servings daily was more likely in males, in those aged between 30 and 40 years, and in the smoking, drinking, non-exercise, non-breakfast groups compared to each counterpart. The correlation between the coffee consumption frequency and current nutrient density showed negative correlations in most micronutrients. The mean nutrient density decreased gradually with increasing coffee consumption (<1 serving daily, ${\leq}1{\sim}2$ servings daily, >2 servings daily) in the ANOVA analysis. Therefore, the progressive adverse health effects of excessive coffee consumption needs to be researched further, and a daily total caffeine limit should be suggested in education of the nation levels.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.248-260
• /
• 2023

This study provides basic data when planning nutrition support for healthy aging by revealing the relationship between various symptoms in the elderly and nutrient intake. From the 8th National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, data from senior citizens aged 65 years or older in 2021 were used, and answers on the depression prevalence, activity restrictions, complaints of discomfort when chewing, and nutrient intake were analyzed through SPSS multiple logistic regression analysis. In the case of depression, there was a significant effect on the intake of four of the 20 nutrients (water, protein, cholesterol, and vitamin E). When experiencing activity restrictions, the intake of eight of the 20 nutrients (phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin A, vitamin D, beta-carotene, retinol, thiamine, and niacin) was affected. When experiencing chewing discomfort, the intake of three of the 20 nutrients (fat, magnesium, and vitamin E) was affected. Elderly people who suffer from depression, activity restrictions, and discomfort with chewing are at risk of various nutrient deficiencies, and related studies need to be conducted.