• 농촌계획
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.85-93
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• 2003

National Agricultural Pesticide Risk Analysis (NAPRA) World Wide Web (WWW) 시스템 (http://danpatch.ecn.purdue.edu/${\sim}napra$)은 다양한 영농방법에 따른 농약과 영양물질의 지표수/지하수 유실량을 웹에서 모의하고자 개발되었다. 단일 토양에 대해서 모의할 수 있는 Single Field 버전의 많은 기능이 개선되었고, 행정구역/수계 경계에 대해서 모의할 수 있는 County/Watershed 버전을 확장시켜, Web Geographic Information Systems (GIS) 버전의 NAPRA 시스템을 개발하였다. Web GIS 툴을 이용하면, 모의하고자 하는 지역을 마우스로 디지타이징 한 후, 그 지역에 대해서 영농방법에 따른 영향을 모의할 수 있다. 모의결과를 웹브라우저를 통해서 지도로 보여줄 뿐만 아니라, 그 결과를 데스크탑용 GIS에서 사용할 수 있는 포맷으로 제공한다. 모델을 운영하기 위하여 방대한 양의 입력자료가 필요하고, 일반 사용자가 준비하기 힘든, 데이터들이 있는데, NAPRA WWW 시스템은 이러한 입력자료를 서버측 GIS 데이터 베이스, NAPRA 데이터 베이스, 강우 및 온도 모델 예측치 에서 추출하여 모델을 운영한다. 또한, 모의결과를 방대한 양의 텍스트 파일이 아닌, 차트나, 테이블, 또는 지도형태로 보여주기 때문에, 농부와 같이 전문지식이 없는 사람이 이 시스템을 이용하여 여러 가지 영농 방법 중에서 환경 친화적이면서 경제성을 유지 할 수 있는 최적관리기법을 찾아낼 수 있다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.423-431
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• 2014

상수원과 같은 수계 수질 보호 및 농촌 지역 개발을 위해 마을하수도 보급이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 안동 지역 마을하수도(11개소) 유입하수 특성 및 마을하수도에 도입된 처리 공법의 결과를 분석하였다. 안동 지역 마을하수도 유입하수는 도시지역에 비해 고농도의 유기물과 영양염류를 함유하고 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 안동시 마을하수도 공법은 안정적인 처리효율을 보였지만, 영양염류의 경우 유기물에 비해 solid retention time(SRT)와 food to microorganisms (F/M) ratio에 민감한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 안동 지역 마을하수도 공법은 타 공법($A^2/O$, SBR, media)들과 비교하여 전반적으로 높은 처리 효율을 보였으며, 본 공법은 마을하수도에 효과적으로 적용 가능한 공법이라 판단된다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze a term of decade of water quality data of the Mulgum intake station on the Nakdong river(dam) to find the cause of algal blooms and to set an alternative to prevent artificial lake water pollution. Our study shows that water quality changes have regular periodic regularity and there was a certain correlation between specific analytical items. According to the analysis results of each factor, the decline in precipitation was not the main reason for algal blooms. TP concentration had a slight effect on Chl-a concentration but was not a limiting nutrient of a bloom. TN concentration had a strong correlation with Chl-a and strongly negative correlation with temperature, but was not a bloom's limiting nutrient, and was only a dependent variable. As the temperature was negatively correlated with the Chl-a concentration, it is found that the aspect of the ecological influence of the temperature was the most important factor of the phytoplankton concentration change. The N/P ratio lies under a power function with a high degree of reliability by the TP concentration, and the phenomenon appeared to be the same as the results of two other comparative areas. This result confirms that TN is dependent on TP and the biota in the lake that TN is a dependent variable whose concentration is determined by TP it. In conclusion, the increase in lake bloom is the result of a food chain change, and it is necessary to control the ecosystem by the food chain in the lake in order to reduce the lake's bloom. In particular, it is important to keep the benthic ecosystem as wide as possible in the aerobic state.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.283-297
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between the nutrient intake and level of depressive symptoms. A total of 5,761 subjects with depression were selected for the main data analysis from a Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, KNHANES (2016), and were divided into low depressed and high depressed groups. The data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, ${\chi}^2-test$, logistic regression, and t-test using SPSS 24.0 statistics. The results revealed significant differences in the prevalence of depression according to sex (P<0.001), age (P<0.001), income (P<0.001), and education (P<0.001). Regarding the health behavior, higher stress levels (P<0.001) and smoking habit (P<0.001) appeared to be strongly associated with high levels of depression. On the other hand, the possibility of experiencing depressive symptoms was lower when the number of walking days per week was more than 3 days (P<0.05), when the number of working days per week was more than 5 days (P<0.01), and the rate of aerobic physical activity was higher. Based on the 'Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans 2015', the subjects in the low depression group showed better intake of energy and 22 nutrients than the high depression group.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.293-300
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• 2000

Automated greenhouse production system often require crop growth monitoring involving accurate quantification of plant physiological properties. Conventional methods are usually burdensome, inaccurate, and harmful to crops. A thermal image analysis system can accomplish rapid and accurate measurements of physiological-property changes of stressed crops. In this research a thermal imaging system was used to measure the leaf-temperature changes of several crops according to nutrient stresses. Thermal images were obtained from lettuce, cucumber, and pepper plants. Plants were placed in growth chamber to provide relatively constant growth environment. Results showed that there were significant differences in the temperature of stressed plants and non-stressed plants. In a case of the both N deficiency and excess, the leaf temperatures of cucumber were $2^{\circ}C$ lower than controlled temperature. The leaf temperature of cucumber was $2^{\circ}C$ lower than controlled temperature only when it was under N excess stress. For the potassium deficiency or excess stress, the leaf temperaures of cucumber and hot pepper were $2^{\circ}C$ lower than controls, respectively. The phosphorous deficiency stress dropped the leaf temperatures of cucumber and hot pepper $2^{\circ}C$ and $1.5^{\circ}C$ below than controls. However, the leaf temperature of lettuce did not change. It was possible to detect the changes in leaf temperature by infrared thermography when subjected to nutrition stress. Since the changes in leaf temperatures were different each other for plants and kinds of stresses, however, it is necessary to add a nutrient measurement system to a plant-growth monitoring system using thermography.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.240-252
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• 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of dietary nicotinic acid (NA) on apparent nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, and rumen microbiota in uncastrated Xiangzhong black cattle. Methods: Twenty-one uncastrated Xiangzhong black cattle (385.08±15.20 kg) aged 1.5 years were randomly assigned to the control group (CL, 0 mg/kg NA in concentrate diet), NA1 group (800 mg/kg NA in concentrate diet) and NA2 group (1,200 mg/kg NA in concentrate diet). All animals were fed a 60% concentrate diet and 40% dried rice straw for a 120-day feeding experiment. Results: Supplemental NA not only enhanced the apparent nutrient digestibility of acid detergent fiber (p<0.01), but also elevated the rumen acetate and total volatile fatty acid concentrations (p<0.05). 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis of rumen microbiota revealed that dietary NA changed the diversity of rumen microbiota (p<0.05) and the abundance of bacterial taxa in the rumen. The relative abundances of eight Erysipelotrichales taxa, five Ruminococcaceae taxa, and five Sphaerochaetales taxa were decreased by dietary NA (p<0.05). However, the relative abundances of two taxa belonging to Roseburia faecis were increased by supplemental 800 mg/kg NA, and the abundances of seven Prevotella taxa, three Paraprevotellaceae taxa, three Bifidobacteriaceae taxa, and two operational taxonomic units annotated to Fibrobacter succinogenes were increased by 1,200 mg/kg NA in diets. Furthermore, the correlation analysis found significant correlations between the concentrations of volatile fatty acids in the rumen and the abundances of bacterial taxa, especially Prevotella. Conclusion: The results from this study suggest that dietary NA plays an important role in regulating apparent digestibility of acid detergent fiber, acetate, total volatile fatty acid concentrations, and the composition of rumen microbiota.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2015

2010년에 국내 10개 영양염 분석 실험실을 대상으로 실험실간 상호비교실험이 실시되었다. 균질성과 안정성이 확보된 영양염 농도가 각기 다른 3종의 멸균해수(Bottle 130, 131, 132)가 이용되었으며, 각 실험실은 아질산염(Nitrite), 질산염(Nitrate), 인산염(Phosphate), 규산염(Silicate)의 항목을 5회이상 반복 분석하여 결과를 회신하였다. 각 실험실의 측정정밀도와 실험실간 차이를 평가하기 위해서 분석결과를 통계처리 하였다. 대부분의 실험실이 모든 분석항목에서 10%이내의 측정정밀도를 보였고, 이상치를 제거한 실험실 간 차이는 모든 분석항목에서 4~63%의 상대표준편차를 보였다. 상대백분율차이는 0.04~2217%였다. 각 실험실에서 분석한 영양염 농도의 차이는 우연오차(random error)보다는 계통오차(systematic error)에 기인한다고 볼 수 있다. 균질성과 안정성이 확보된 시료 131을 이용하여 각 실험실의 분석결과를 보정한 결과, 보정 후 실험실 간 차이는 모든 분석항목에서 상대표준편차와 상대백분율차이가 현저히 향상되었다. 본 상호비교실험결과를 종합하면, 본 실험에 참가한 국내 영양염 분석 실험실 내 측정정밀도는 양호한 편이므로 적절한 기준물질을 사용하여 분석자료를 보정할 경우 실험실 간 차이가 줄어들어 다른 실험실에서 생산된 자료와의 자료 공유에 대한 수월성이 높아진다고 볼 수 있다. 따라서 영양염 시료 분석 시 균질성과 안정성이 확보된 표준물질을 사용하여 다른 실험실과의 비교가능성과 소급성을 확립할 것을 제안한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권9호
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• pp.1217-1225
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• 2015

Chicken is a major food source for humans, hence it is important to understand the mechanisms involved in nutrient absorption in chicken. In the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), the microbiota plays a central role in enhancing nutrient absorption and strengthening the immune system, thereby affecting both growth and health of chicken. There is little information on the diversity and functions of chicken GIT microbiota, its impact on the host, and the interactions between the microbiota and host. Here, we review the recent metagenomic strategies to analyze the chicken GIT microbiota composition and its functions related to improving metabolism and health. We summarize methodology of metagenomics in order to obtain bacterial taxonomy and functional inferences of the GIT microbiota and suggest a set of indicator genes for monitoring and manipulating the microbiota to promote host health in future.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.104-110
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to evaluate implemented computer generated menus for foodservice in child-care centers. Computer generated menus, which were developed in the previous study, were based on the children's preferences and the bugets of the centers. Computer generated menus were implemented for food service in each national/public, foundation established, and employer-supported child care centers in Seoul, respectively. Plate wastes, preferences, and nutrient intakes of their meals of the existing menus were compared with those of computer-generated menus. The nutrient contents from their nutritional analysis of meals of the computer generated and existing menus satisfied the recommended dietary level (RDfU3). However, at the eaten of computer-generated menus satisfied RDA/3, and the existing menus lacked energy, Ca, Vit Bl, Vit B2 and Vit C. The meals served by computer-generated menus reduced the plate wastes and increased the acceptability of the children in day care centers.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.151-170
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• 2009

The objectives of this study were to analysis the nutrient cycles of agricultural by-products. The region, in which agricultural by-products are circulated for use within the agroecosystem for minimizing the input of artificial nutrients as well as generation of wastes, and where ecologically industrial diversity is formed, was defined as the regional agriculture focused on eco-industrial approach. Plan in stages for promoting ahead with the regional agriculture focused on eco-industrial approach is as follows: First of all, "The Consultation Body for Circulating & Using By-products" should be formed. Secondly, usage of agricultural by-products is identified to select the facilities of recycling and its location including the type and amount. Thirdly, the facilities for recycling of resources and infrastructure are installed. Finally, the facilities for recycling and resource circulation system within the area are efficiently managed.