• Biomedical Science Letters
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.185-190
• /
• 2006

Lysyl oxidase (LOX) catalyzes the lysine-derived cross-links of fibrillar collagens and elastin in the extracellular matrix. Recent molecular cloning has revealed existence of a LOX family consisting of LOX and four lysyl oxidase-like proteins (LOXL, LOXL2, LOXL3 and LOXL4). Pathological conditions associated with impaired LOX activity in several heritable and acquired disorders lead to severe structural and functional abnormalities of cardiovascular tissues, such as occlusion of coronary arteries and aneurysms, suggesting an essential role for the LOX family proteins in the maintenance of the cardiovascular system. However, the specific roles of the lysyl oxidase-like proteins in normal and pathological conditions of the cardiovascular tissues have not been established yet. Here, I report that LOXL3, a novel member of the LOX family, is predominantly expressed in the aorta, with an amine oxidase activity toward collagen and elastin, suggesting an essential role of LOXL3 in the development and maintenance of the aorta.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.72-75
• /
• 1999

Using RT-PCR, a cDNA encoding tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) ACC oxidase has partially been cloned, sequenced and identified. The nucleotide suquence of the clone was in the coding region and shared about 80% of homology iwht the other ACC oxidase genes of tomato, and 70∼84% with those of other plants such as Oryza sativa, Nicotiana tabacum and Helianthus annuus. In the wounded tomato leaves, this nucleotide transcripts were accumulated rapidly and declined slowly thereafter. These results suggested that the predicted clone might be another member of tomato ACC oxidase gene family.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.13 no.8
• /
• pp.3561-3568
• /
• 2012

The calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) is a member of the largest family of cell surface receptors, the G protein-coupled receptors involved in calcium homeostasis. The role of the CaSR in neoplasia appears to be homeostatic; loss of normal CaSR-induced response to extracellular calcium is observed in cancers of the colon and ovary, while increased release of PTHrP is observed in cancers of the breast, prostate and Leydig cells. Currently CaSR can be considered as a molecule that can either promote or prevent tumor growth depending on the type of cancer. Therefore, recognition of the multifaceted role of CaSR in gliomas and other malignant tumors in general is fundamental to elucidating the mechanisms of tumor progression and the development of novel therapeutic agents. Emphasis should be placed on development of drug-targeting methods to modulate CaSR activity in cancer cells.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.13 no.12
• /
• pp.6233-6237
• /
• 2012

Survivin, a new member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family, both inhibits apoptosis and regulates the cell cycle. It is overexpressed in breast tumor tissues. In this study, we designed two survivin specific DNAzymes (DRz1 and DRz2) targeting survivin mRNA. The results showed that DRz1 could decrease the expression of survivin by nearly 60%. Furthermore, DRz1 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis and inhibited migration in MCF-7 cells. In addition, down-regulation of survivin expression was associated with increased caspase-3 and -9 activities in MCF-7 cells after 24 h transfection. In our experiments, the efficacy of DRz1 to influence survivin levels and associated effects were better than DRz2. Survivin-DRz1 might have anti-tumorigenic activity and may potentially provide the basis for a novel therapeutic intervention in breast cancer treatment.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.81-88
• /
• 2015

c-Jun N-terminal kinase-3 (JNK3) is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family (MAPK), and plays an important role in neurological disorders. Therefore, identification of selective JNK3 inhibitor may contribute towards neuroprotection therapies. In this work, we performed hologram quantitative structure-activity relationship (HQSAR) on a series of thiophene trisubstituted derivatives. The best predictions were obtained for HQSAR model with $q^2=0.628$ and $r^2=0.986$. Statistical parameters from the generated QSAR models indicated the data is well fitted and have high predictive ability. HQSAR result showed that atom, bond and chirality descriptors play an important role in JNK3 activity and also shows that electronegative groups is highly favourble to enhance the biological activity. Our results could be useful to design novel and selective JNK3 inhibitors.

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.34 no.5
• /
• pp.391-394
• /
• 2001

The balance between life and death of a cell regulates essential developmental processes in multicellular organisms. Apoptotic cell death is a complex, stepwise program involving multiple protein components that trigger and execute the demise of the cell. Of the many triggers of apoptosis, most are not well understood, but some key components have been identified, such as those of the Bcl-2 family, which function as anti-apoptotic or proapoptotic factors. Bax, a pro-apoptotic member of this family, has been shown to serve as a component of many apoptotic triggering cascades and its mechanism of action is the focus of intense study. Herein we discuss current, differing ideas on the function of Bax and its structure, and suggest novel mechanisms for how this death protein targets mitochondria, triggering apoptosis.

• Journal of Information Display
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.5-9
• /
• 2007

We demonstrate novel soft-lithographic techniques for preparing patterned liquid crystal (LC) orientations at an alignment layer. By controlling patterning conditions such as wetting property and operating temperature depending on polymeric materials, multi-directional or modified LC alignment conditions can be simply achieved.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.246-260
• /
• 2016

A major challenge achieving scalable access control for a large number of subscribers in a public broadcast is to distribute key update messages reliably to all stateless receivers. However, in a public broadcast, the rekeying messages can be dropped or compromised during transmission over an insecure broadcast channel, or transmitted to receivers while they were off-line. In this study, we propose a novel group key management scheme. It features a mechanism to allow legitimate receivers to recover the current group key, even if they lose key update messages for long-term sessions. The scheme uses short hint messages and member computation. Performance analysis shows that the proposed scheme has the advantages of scalability and efficient rekeying compared to previous reliable group key distribution schemes. The proposed key management scheme targets a conditional access system in a media broadcast in which there is no feedback channel from receivers to the broadcasting station.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.24 no.9B
• /
• pp.1755-1766
• /
• 1999

A region-based video codec based on the H.263+ standard is examined and its associated novel rate control scheme is proposed in this work. The region-based coding scheme is a hybrid method that consists of the traditional block DCT coding and the object-based coding. Basically, we adopt H.263+ as the platform, and develop a fast macroblock-based segmentation method to implement the region-based video codec. The proposed rate control solution includes rate control in three levels: encoding frame selection, frame-layer rate control and macroblock-layer rate control. The goal is to enhance the visual quality of decoded frames at low bit rates. The efficiency of proposed rate control scheme applied to the region-based video codes is demonstrated via several typical test sequences.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.265-273
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this review paper is to briefly describe main the features of novel procedures developed by the National of Standards and Technology (NIST) for the design of tall buildings. Topics considered in the paper include: the division of tasks between wind and structural engineers; the determination of wind effects with specified mean recurrence intervals by accounting for wind directionality; the risk-consistent design of structures subjected to multiple wind hazards; iterative dynamic analyses and member sizing, including the use of modern optimization approaches; and commonalities of and differences between Database-assisted Design (DAD) and Equivalent Static Wind Loads procedures. An example of the application of the DAD procedure is presented for a reinforced concrete structure. Also included in the paper is an introduction to ongoing research on the estimation of wind load factors or of augmented design mean recurrence intervals commensurate with the uncertainties in the factors that determine the wind effects.