• Journal of Multimedia Information System
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.43-50
• /
• 2017

In this paper, we propose a method which detects the nose and face of certain human by using the depth image. The proposed method has advantages of the low computational complexity and the high accuracy even in dark environment. Also, the detection accuracy of nose and face does not change in various postures. The proposed method first locates the locally protruding part from the depth image of the human body captured through the depth camera, and then confirms the nose through the depth characteristic of the nose and surrounding pixels. After finding the correct pixel of the nose, we determine the region of interest centered on the nose. In this case, the size of the region of interest is variable depending on the depth value of the nose. Then, face region can be found by performing binarization using the depth histogram in the region of interest. The proposed method can detect the nose and the face accurately regardless of the pose or the illumination of the captured area.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제34권6호
• /
• pp.462-469
• /
• 2009

The aim of this study was to develop a portable electronic nose system for freshness measurement of stored pork. An electronic nose system was constructed using seven different MOS sensor array. To determine the quality change of pork with storage time, the samples were divided into ten groups in terms of storage time with an increment of 2 day up to 19 storage days. GC-MS, total bacteria's count (TBC), thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), and pH analyses as well as the analysis of the electronic nose system measurement were performed to monitor the freshness change of the samples. To investigate the performance of the electronic nose system for detecting the change of freshness of pork, the acquired signal values of the system were compared with those of GC-MS, TBC, TBARS, and pH analysis values. According to principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) with the signals of the electronic nose system for the pork samples, the sample groups were clearly separated into two groups of 1-9 days and 11-19 days, and four groups of 1-3 days, 5-9 days, 11 days, and 13-19 days respectively. The results show that the electronic nose system has potential for evaluating freshness of pork.

• 대한치과교정학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.249-261
• /
• 1993

측모의 형태 결정에 중요한 역할을 하는 비부외형의 나이에 따른 성장 변화 양상을 알아보고자 정상교합을 가진 평균 8.5세의 남자 20명, 여자 20명을 대상으로 16.5세까지 연속두부방사선 계측 자료를 분석한 결과 다음과 같이 요약할 수 있었다. $\cdot$ 남, 녀별로 각 계측항목의 연령에 따른 평균치 및 표준편차를 산출하였다. $\cdot$ 비부고경은 연령증가에 따라 남,녀 모두 증가하였다. 하비부고경에 대한 상비부고경의 비는 연령이 증가함에 따라 남, 녀 모두 약간의 감소 추세를 나타내었다. 본 연구기간 동안 평균 비는 남자가 3.69 : 1, 여자가 3.83 : 1로 나타났다. 비부후경은 연령이 증가함에 따라 모든 계측항목 가운데 가장 뚜렷한 증가를 보였으며, 시상후경은 대부분의 연령군에서 남자보다 여자가 백 큰 값을 보였다. $\cdot$ 상, 하 비부경사도는 연구기간동안 뚜렷한 변화를 보이지 않았다. $\cdot$ 최종 연령에 대한 최초 연령의 성장 백분율은 시상후경에서 가장 높았고(남자 $87.14\%$, 여자 $91.20\%$), 남자에 있어서는 하비부고경$(73.04\%)$, 여자에 있어 서는 비부후경 $(79.09\%)$이 가장 낮은 백분율을 보였다. $\cdot$ 가장 큰 상관관계를 나타낸 변수는 상비부 경사도와 비부후경이었다. $\cdot$ 이 기간동안 전체적인 비부의 성장은 전하방으로 일어났으며, 수직 성장보다 수평 성장이 더 많이 일어났다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제48권1호
• /
• pp.61-68
• /
• 2021

Background This study evaluated changes in nasal airway function following Le Fort I osteotomy with maxillary impaction according to the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale. Methods This cohort study included 13 patients who underwent Le Fort I osteotomy with maxillary impaction. Nasal airway function was evaluated based on the NOSE scale preoperatively and at 3 months postoperatively. The change in the NOSE score was calculated as the preoperative score minus the postoperative score. If the normality assumptions for changes in the NOSE score were not met, a nonparametric test (the Wilcoxon signed-rank test) was used. Differences in NOSE score changes according to patient characteristics and surgical factors were evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney test. Results Patients ranged in age from 18 to 29 years (mean ±standard deviation [SD], 23.00±3.87 years). Three were men and 10 were women. Eleven patients (84%) had an acquired dentofacial deformity with skeletal class III malocclusion. The preoperative NOSE scores ranged from 40 to 90 (mean±SD, 68.92±16.68), and the postoperative NOSE scores ranged from 25 to 80 (53.84±18.83). The cohort as a whole showed significant improvement in nasal airway function following maxillary impaction (P=0.028). Eleven patients (84%) had either improved (n=8) or unchanged (n=3) postoperative NOSE scores. However, nasal airway function deteriorated in two patients. Patient characteristics and surgical factors were not correlated with preoperative or postoperative NOSE scores. Conclusions Nasal airway function as evaluated using the NOSE scale improved after maxillary impaction.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.237-242
• /
• 2006

The pattern of volatile emissions from white ginseng powders (WGP) that were treated with selected preservatives was investigated during 5-months of storage (at -10 and $25^{\circ}C$) by an electronic nose system equipped with 12 metal-oxide sensors. WGP were treated with gamma radiation at 5 kGy, commercial methyl bromide (MeBr), and phosphine fumigations. Electronic nose differentiated the volatile patterns of the WGP with each different preservative treatment. In addition, each volatile pattern was affected by both storage time (1, 2 and 5 months) and temperature (-10 and $25^{\circ}C$). After 5-months of storage, the least change of volatile patterns was observed from WGP fumigated with phosphine at $-10^{\circ}C$. The result also showed that volatile changes in WGP were much more affected by storage time than by storage temperature.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제36권6호
• /
• pp.702-706
• /
• 2009

Purpose: Analysis of lower nose and upper lip asymmetry in patients with unilateral cleft lip nose deformity has been proceeded through direct measurement and photo analysis. But there are limitation in presenting real image because of its 2 dimensional trait. The authors analyzed such an asymmetry using 3D VECTRA system (Canfield, NJ, USA) in quantitative way. Methods: In 25 Patients with unilateral cleft lip nose deformity(male 12, female 13, age ranging from 4 to 19), patients with right side deformity were 10 and left were 15. Analysis of asymmetry was proceeded through 3D VECTRA system. After taking 3 dimensional photo, alar area, upper lip area, nostril perimeter, nostril area, Cupid's bow length, nostril height and nostril width were measured. Correlation coefficient and inter data quotients were calculated. Results: In nostril perimeter, maximal difference of cleft side and non - cleft side was 39.3%, asymmetric quotient Qasy = Qcl/Qncl(Qcl, value of cleft side; Qncl, value of non - cleft side) was ranged from 0.84 to 1.85 and in seven cases the length of cleft side was smaller. In nostril area, maximal difference was 69.6% and in 13 cases cleft side was smaller. In lower nasal area, maximal difference was 37.2% asymmetric quotient Qasy = Qcl/Qncl was ranged from 0.47 to 2.03 and in 20 cases cleft side was smaller. The correlation coefficients of nostril perimeter and area were 0.8345. Conclusion: Using 3D VECTRA system, the authors can measure nostril perimeter and lower nasal area that could not been measured with previous methods. Asymmetry of midface was analyzed through area comparison in quantitative way. Futhermore, post operative change can be measured in quantitative method.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.53-60
• /
• 2010

ILM 교량의 경우 압출 중에 발생하는 일시적 응력을 흡수하기 위해 일반적으로 압출추진코가 이용된다. 압출 중에 발생되는 ILM 교량의 상부단면력은 압출추진코의 길이, 중량, 강성에 따라 크게 달라진다. 따라서 설계와 시공시에 단면의 안전성 확보를 위해서는 상부구조와 압출추진코와의 상호작용에 따른 응력변화를 반드시 고려해야 한다. 그러나 국내에서는 ILM 교량의 설계시에 경간분할 및 지간길이 등을 전례의 설계결과에 따라 결정하는 경우가 많다. 따라서 상부구조와 압출추진코의 단면들이 프로젝트에 따라 크게 달라지지 않는다. 그러므로 상부단면의 최적설계에 영향을 주는 압출 중 상호작용을 고려한 압출추진코의 최적설계에 관한 필요성도 크게 인식되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 이 연구에서는 변단면 압출추진코와 교량 상부구조의 상호작용을 고려한 해석식을 이용하여 압출추진코의 최적화를 위한 설계식을 제안하였고 활용가능성을 확인하였으며, 국내 공용중인 ILM 교량의 설계수준을 평가하여 ILM 상부단면의 최적설계를 위해 제언하였다.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.201-208
• /
• 2002

The machine tool which operates by hand is replacing by CNC machine tool to improve the quality of the product and the productivity in modem mechanic industry. The precision of machine part is influenced greatly the surface roughness by cutting condition of machine tool. So this study was performed to examine the aluminium surface roughness of section according to change of strength rating, nose radius, cutting speed, using live center. The results of this study are as follows; 1. In the case of 56mm diameter of test piece(length is below triple of diameter), whether establish the live center or not, doesn't influence to the surface roughness, and it is possible to make product without the live center. 2. The average surface roughness of 42mm diameter(length is quadruple of diameter) is similar to the 56mm diameter in the cutting condition of nose radius 0.8mm and cutting speed 140mm/min, but there are increases and differences in other cutting conditions. 3. In the case of test piece length more 70m/min(140m/mm) and nose radius improved greatly using the live center. 4. In the case of test piece length is quintuple of diameter, the nose radius must choose big tool and increase the cutting speed in preference live center establishment availability to improve that is surface roughness. Conclusively, if aluminum test piece length is fewer than triple of diameter, can process without establishing live center. If aluminum test piece length is more than quintuple of diameter, cutting conditions to improve surface roughness are (1) cutting speed (2) nose radius (3) whether the live center uses or not.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제40권5호
• /
• pp.250-252
• /
• 2014

Nasotracheal intubation should be performed in patients with jaw fractures because maxillomandibular fixation is required. However, when there are concomitant fractures of the nose and facial bones, an intubation tube positioned at the nose makes it difficult to perform an intricate surgery. In order to overcome these problems, a variety of ways to change the position of the tube have been introduced. We describe a simple technique of switching the tube from a nasal to oral position, which was easily executed in a patient with concomitant nasal and mandibular fractures, accompanied by a literature review.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제48권2호
• /
• pp.187-191
• /
• 2016

쌀의 도정도에 따른 휘발성분의 변화를 알아보기 위하여 전자 코 분석을 시행하여 보았다. 그 결과 도정도가 증가할수록 대조구인 공기와 DF1의 거리가 가까워져 적은 휘발성분을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 도정도를 전자코로 판별할 수 있다고 보여진다. 또한 도정도에 따른 쌀의 저장기간이 늘어날수록 휘발 성분이 증가하는 것을 보여주었다. 이는 쌀을 저장 하였을 경우 지방의 산패가 일어나게 되고 이는 곧 이취로 이어지게 되기 때문에 저장기간이 길어질수록 휘발 성분이 많아지는 것으로 여겨진다.