• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.444-457
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• 2001

Present work aims to analyse the spatio-temporal distribution of Korean bamboos. The northern limit of Korean bamboo species occurs at Baekryung Island(124°10'E, 37°55'N), Hoochang(41°22'N) and Myungchon(129°41\`E, 41°10'N). The presence of bamboo fossils in Korea dates back from Tertiary, but widespread use of bamboos can be noticed since 1454. Reconstructed ranges and temporal changes of bamboo, based upon the eight historical records from 15th to 20th centuries, indicates that both climatic and anthropogenic factors were responsible for the changes of distributional range. The spread of bamboos was balanced by its disappearance due to regional development, and the total bamboo area showing little change. Due to the tendency to spread extensively by means of underground stems, bamboos often invade adjacent forests and disturb natural vegetation. Proper management and conservation strategies, therefore, are required for the maintenance of rural landscape.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.19 no.2 s.43
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• pp.103-107
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• 1980

The northern limit of the distribution of potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller), coincides to $-8^{\circ}C$. isotherm for average annual minimum temperature of January in Korea.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.365-372
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• 2019

We have conducted faunistic study of sea lice collected from marine plankton samples of western and southern coasts of Korea. These specimens were identified as Caligus undulatus Shen and Li, 1959, belonging to family Caligidae and order Siphonostomatoida with worldwide distribution. The range extension of C. undulatus is reported in addition to the previously known distributional range from the Northwest Pacific (China, Japan, and Korea), India, Brazil, and Mexico. This species can be distinguished from all previous reports with characteristics such as overall body proportions of both sexes, structure details of mouth appendages, armature of legs, and some variation in body size. The distributional range of C. undulatus is now given with its northern and south hemisphere limit being 40 to $10^{\circ}N$ in the Indo-Pacific and $30^{\circ}S$ in the Southwest Atlantic. This is the first record of its female occurring in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.129-133
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• 2018

Ceratopteris thalictroides is a semi-aquatic fern with a circumtropical distribution. Because this species is designated internationally on the IUCN Red List as requiring at least some concern, Korean populations are of great concern for the species' long-term survival, as they are at the northern limit of the species distribution. To establish an effective conservation strategy for those populations at the genetic level, we used the Mi-Seq platform to develop three sets of 25 polymorphic microsatellite markers for C. thalictroides, which is endangered in Korea. In populations sampled from Busan and Gochang, the number of alleles ranged from 2 to 13 (average of 5.64), and plants presented an expected heterozygosity of 0.000 to 0.860. These markers will be useful for evaluating the genetic status and conserving Korean populations of C. thalictroides more effectively.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.138-143
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• 2011

Based on specimens examined, a distribution map of Trachelospermum asiaticum in Korea is provided. The species is distributed on Jeju Island and over the southern and western coastal areas in Korea. The northern limit of distribution is the Deokjeok Islands of Incheon. The distributional range of this species is consistent with that of the Jeju and South coastal floristic subregions of Korea. On the other hand, we investigated the anatomical characteristics of root, stem, leaf and ovary, in addition to the ultrastructure of pollen grains and leaf surfaces of the species, as these have been scarcely examined.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.89-98
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• 1985

Correlations between horizontal distributions of bamboos (Bambusaceae) in the Korean peninsula and environmental factors were studied using taxanomic and geographical literatures, both old and current. The vertical distributions of bamboos on Mt. Chiri were also studied, and environmental factors limiting horizontal and vertical distributions were compared. There are 18 species of bamboos (belonging to 5 genera) distributed in the Korean peninsula. The distributional range of each genus were distinct, although overlapped. Northern limit of bamboos of any species was marked by the line connecting Paikryung Island (124。40'E, 38。00'N), Mt. Changsoo, Mt. Myungji, Mt. Myohyung and Myungchum (129。40'E, 41。10'N). The optimum range of bamboos was concluded to be restricted to several southern province, with annual precipitation over 1,200 mm. The limiting factors on the distribution were inferred to be low temperature and duration of it. Mean daily minimum temperature of January and the number of days with daily mean temperatures below zero during January showed close associations with the distributional range, and an environmental factors favouring the distributrion of bamboos appeared to be vicinity of warm sea current, deep and extended snow acculation and southern exposure. The vertical distribution of bamboos on Mt. Chiri was limited by low temperature, unfavorable topographic and edaphic conditions caused by steep slope. Difference in the vertical limits between SE and NW slopes are caused by the differences in temperature and precipitation between the slopes. Bamboos were more abundant in valleys than on the ridge, apparently because the deeper snow in the valleys protected the plants from low temperature, heavy winter winds and desiccation.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.15-18
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• 1964

This is a report on 40 species of the crabs which were collected during the period from July, 1958 to October , 1959 in the estern sea of Korea (East Sea) belonging to Kyungsang-pukto, apart of Kangwondo and Kyungsang -namdo. Among these, 17 915 genera, 8 families) are unrecorded species in the eastern sea and Platymaja wyville-thomsoni MIERS is an unrecorded species in Korea. Korea (Kuryongpo)seems to be the northern limit of the distribution of this species up to the present. 18 hitherto unreported species are added to the 39 known species, the total in the eastern sea being 57 species involved in 41 genera and 13 families, which show 44.5% of presently known 128 species of crabs in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.247-257
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• 2001

The relationships between the distribution of 132 species, 61 genera evergreen broad-leaved trees and shrubs(EBTS) and climatic factors have discussed. The distributional patterns of EBTS were categorized into seven groups on the basis of the number of distributing sites, distributional attitudes and latitudes. Out of seven group. the cold-tolerant EBTS were common at groups I and II, along tilth Empetrum nigrum var. japonicum. Diapensia lapponics subsp. obovata of group III. However, the warmth-tolerant EBTS were rich at groups III. IV V, and VI The lower distributional limits of cold-tolerant EBTS in the groups I and UU decreased as one moves toward south. The upper distributional limit of warmth-tolerant EBTS in the groups III, IV and V decreased with increasing latitude. However. no clear distributional tendency is noticed in the groups VI and VII. The range of warmth-tolerant EBTS appear to show close relationship with the January mean temperature -4 $\^{C}$ and January mean minimum temperature -9$\^{C}$ than others. On the other hand, that of the cold-tolerant EBTS seem to respond well to the August mean temperature 19$\^{C}$ and August mean maximum temperature 26$\^{C}$ than others.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.13-17
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• 1962

The author colelcted crabs (Tribe Brachyura ) on the coasts of fourteen western islands of South Korea (Paenyong Do, Taechong Do, Sochong Do, Taeyonpyong Do, Kanghwa Do, Yongjong Do, Chagyak Do, Tokchok To. Moktok To. Pukkyoknyolbi Do. Ong Do, ANmyon Do, Pigum Do, and Taehuksan Do) mainly in summers during a period ranging from 1955 to 1962. Of these Islands, Paeknyong , Taehong, Taeyonpyong, Ong, Anmyon, Pigum and Taehuksan Do are the localities where the crabs were investigated firstly by the present author. The collections made by the author consist of 1779 specimens of crabs involving 9 families. 25 genera, 33 species and 5 subspecies (Table2). 23 species of crabs had been reported hitherto from Tokchok To and 7 from Kanghwa Do. In present paper the author adds 1 species to the fauna of crabs of Tokchok To and 7 to that of Kanghwa Do. In present paper the author adds 1 species to the fauna of crabs of Tokchok To and 7 to that of Kanghwa D. Among 38 species or subspecies of crabs collected, Oregonia gracilis, Cancer amphioetus and Chaesmagnathus convexus are new to the fauna of the west coast of Korea. 57 species of crabs are therefore identified in this area. The author collected Pinnotheres cardii on Taechong Do and Scopimera bitympana on Pigum Do. It became, therefore, clear that these two kinds of crabs occur much wider areas than known hitherto in Korea. The nothern limit of the distribution of Ocypoda stinpsoni and Sesarma haematocheir is Kyungki Bay as known already, that of Helice tridens is ,however, more northern part than Kyungki Bay, since they were collected on Paeknyong Do.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.1331-1341
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• 2008

For providing basic data on estuary conservation and pattern of vegetation succession of sand bar, the flora of delta was investigated from March 2004 to August 2006 in the Nakdong River estuary of Korea. The flora in the eight surveyed areas was composed of total 159 taxa that belonged to 46 families, 123 genera, 133 species, 1 subspecies, 20 varieties, and 5 forms. Among them, naturalized plants and evergreen broad trees were 31 taxa and 5 taxa, respectively. The communities of main species at delta of estuary were composed of 16 species such as Rosa rugusa community, Scirpus triqueter community, Phragmites communis community, Carex kobomugi community, Digitaria ciliaris community. Especially, Rosa rugusa community which are important to establish the southern limit line of distribution as the northern factor was distributed through Jinwoodo. The succession of main vegetation community in the new delta (Doyodeung) was in order of Carex scabrifolia, Scirpus triqueter, Phragmites communis, Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii and Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens. Therefore, the succession order of the surveyed area seems to predict the pattern of the vegetation succession of another deltas in Nakdong River estuary.