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Seismic Behavior of Precast Frames with Hybrid Beam-Column Connections

  • Moon, Jeong-Ho;Lee, Yong-Ju
    • KCI Concrete Journal
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.191-199
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    • 1999
  • A Precast frame system with hybrid beam-column connections was proposed in this study. An analytical study evaluated the system under seismic loadings. Four buildings with different heights were modeled in which each building had three types of joint details (A. B, C). Thus, twelve buildings were examined with variables such as building height and joint detail. Four earthquake records were applied to the buildings as input ground motions. All the records were normalized to the intensity of 0.25g to assess behavior under the same intensity of seismic excitation. All the joint types showed almost identical results except for the Mexico earthquake which was scaled up from 0. 1g to 0.25g. Buildings with the type C joint exhibited the largest deflection for the Mexico earthquake. It was concluded that type B joint could be used in a high seismic zone and the type C joint could possibly be used in the regions of low to medium seismic activity.

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Identification of Flexion Withdrawal Reflex Using Linear Model in Spinal Cord Injury

  • Kim Yong-Chul;Youm Youn-Gil
    • Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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    • v.20 no.8
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    • pp.1183-1194
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    • 2006
  • The aim of this study was to identify the characteristics of the flexion withdrawal reflex modulated by the hip angle and hip movement in spinal cord injury (SCI). The influence of the hip position and passive movement were tested in 6 subjects with chronic SCI. Each subject placed in a supine position and lower leg was fixed with the knee at 5 -45 degree flexion and the ankle at 25-40 degree plantar flexion. A train of 10 stimulus pulses were applied at 200 Hz to the skin of the medial arch to trigger flexion reflexes. From results of the regression analysis, static properties of normalized muscle activation of flexor muscles have the linear relationship with respect to hip angle (P< 0.05). In order to verify the neural contribution of flexion reflex, we compared the static and dynamic gains of estimated muscle activations with measured EMG of ankle flexor muscle. Form this study, we postulate that the torque and muscle response of flexion withdrawal reflex have linear relationship with hip angle and angular velocity.

Partial Discharge Property of Hydrogenerator Stator Windings (수력발전기 고정자 권선에서 부분방전 특성)

  • Kim, Hee-Dong
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2000.05a
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    • pp.86-90
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    • 2000
  • Partial discharge(PD) tests were performed when the hydrogenerator(rated 11kV and 25MVA) was shut down(off-line). Six cable couplers were installed in the ring bus as well as within hydrogenerator terminal box. PD tests were conducted using partial discharge analyzer(PDA) and digital partial discharge detector(PDD). PDA showed that the normalized quantity number(NQN) and the partial discharge magnitude increased with increase of ac voltage. Slot discharges were discovered in three phases(A, B and C) at the rated voltage. PDA and PDD test results are in accordance with the pattern and magnitude of partial discharge. This hydrogenerator stator windings were in good condition.

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Induction motor rotor speed estimation using discrete adaptive observer (이산 적응 관측자를 이용한 유도전동기의 회전자 속도 추정)

  • Yi, Sang-Chul;Choi, Chang-Ho;Nam, Kwang-Hee
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 1996.07b
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    • pp.1060-1062
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    • 1996
  • This paper presents a discrete adaptive observer for MIMO system of an IM model in DQ reference model. The IM model in the stationary frame is discretized and it is transformed into the canonical observer form. The unknown parameter is choosen as rotor speed. The adaptive law for parameter adjustment is obtained as a set of recursive equations which are derived by utilizing an exponentially weighted normalized least-square method. The proposed adaptive observer converges rapidly and is also shown to track time-varying plant parameter quickly. Its effectiveness has been demonstrated by computer simulation.

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Impact of a New Formula on the Fresnel Reflectance on Microwave Remote Sensing

  • Qing, Xu;Yuguang, Liu
    • Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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    • 2003.11a
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    • pp.1340-1342
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    • 2003
  • In microwave remote sensing, the Fresnel reflectance formula is widely used in the sea surface emissivity modeling. As an essential contribution to microwave remote sensing, a new formula on the Fresnel reflectance has been derived based on our understanding of the complex index of refraction and continuity condition of E-M waves at the interface between two mediums. The proposed formula can be used to obtain the emissivity of sea surface, which is useful to retrieve sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity and the brightness temperature. Considering Bragg-resonant scatter, it is useful for the calculation of the normalized radar cross-section, and the retrieval of sea surface wind either.

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Estimation of Monthly Evapotranspiration using NOAA/AVHRR Satellite Images

  • Kwon, Hyung J.;Kim, Seong J.;Shin, Sha C.
    • Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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    • 2003.11a
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    • pp.670-672
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    • 2003
  • The purpose of this study is to estimate monthly evapotranspiration (ET) using normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) obtained from NOAA/AVHRR data sets. Actual evapotranspiration was evaluated by the complementary relationship (Morton, 1978, Brutsaert and Stricker, 1979), and monthly NDVI was obtained by maximum value composite method from daily NDVI images in the Korean peninsula for the year 2001. The monthly actual ETs for each land cover were compared with the monthly NDVIs to determine relationships between actual ET and NDVI for each land cover category. There was a high correlation between monthly NDVI and monthly averaged actual ET. This study presents an alternative approach for land surface evapotranspiration based on remote sensing techniques.

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Performance Improvement in Distant-Talking Speech Recognition by an Integration of N-best results using Naive Bayesian Network (다채널 마이크 환경에서 Naive Bayesian Network의 Decision에 의한 음성인식 성능향상)

  • Ji, Mi-kyong;Kim, Hoi-Rin
    • Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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    • 2005.11a
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    • pp.151-154
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    • 2005
  • 원거리 음성인식에서 인식률의 성능향상을 위해 필수적인 다채널 마이크 환경에서 방 안의 도처에 분산되어있는 원거리 마이크를 사용하여 TV, 조명 등의 주변 환경을 음성으로 제어하고자 한다. 이를 위해 각 채널의 인식결과를 통합하여 최적의 결과를 얻고자 채널의N-best 결과와 N-best 결과에 포함된 hypothesis의 frame-normalized likelihood 값을 사용하여 Bayesian network을 훈련하고 인식결과를 통합하여 최선의 결과를 decision 하는데 사용함으로써 원거리 음성인식의 성능을 향상시키고 또한 hands-free 응용을 현실화하기위한 방향을 제시한다.

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A Case Study of Taping Therapy Effects on Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (지연발생근육통에 대한 테이핑 사례연구)

  • Park Rae-Joon;Lee Mun-Hwan
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.96-107
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    • 2003
  • This case study was performed to assess the effectiveness of taping therapy for the patient who have delayed onset muscle soreness(DOMS). The results were as follows: 1. Pain degree of VAS was decreased at every taping therapy. 2. The range of motion of ankle joint was increased at every taping therapy. 3. Diameter of calf muscle was increased at every taping therapy. 4. Pattern of gait was normalized at every taping therapy. We found improve of pain degree, ROM of ankle joint, diameter of calf muscle, and pattern of gait. Therefore we can infer that taping therapy had effectiveness to those who had DOMS.

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Analysis of the residual strengths and failure mechanisms in laminated composites under impact loading

  • Park, K.C.;Kim, M.S.
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.105-121
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    • 1994
  • In this paper, we proposed the two-parameter model for predicting the residual strength in CFRP laminated composites subjected to high velocity impact and developed and formulated it based upon Cparino's by using the ratio of impact and the normalized residual strength. Critical indentation was obtained by the statical indentation tests. Impact tests were carried out through air-gun type impact equipment with the velocities varied 30-100m/sec. Projectiles were steel balls with 5 and 7mm in diameter. Test material was carbon/epoxy. The specimens were composed of [ .+-. 45 .deg. /0 .deg. /90 .deg. ]$\_$2/ and [ .+-. 45 .deg. ]$\_$4/stacking sequences and had 0.75$\^$T/*0.26$\^$W/*100$\^$L/(mm) dimension. Results from the proposed model were in good agreement with the test data. And failure mechanism due to high velocity impact is given here to examine the initation and deveolpment of damage by fractography and ultrasonic image system. The effects of the 0 .deg. -direction ply position and the amount to damage area on the residual strength are considered here.

First Order Differential Subordinations and Starlikeness of Analytic Maps in the Unit Disc

  • Singh, Sukhjit;Gupta, Sushma
    • Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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    • v.45 no.3
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    • pp.395-404
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    • 2005
  • Let α be a complex number with 𝕽α > 0. Let the functions f and g be analytic in the unit disc E = {z : |z| < 1} and normalized by the conditions f(0) = g(0) = 0, f'(0) = g'(0) = 1. In the present article, we study the differential subordinations of the forms $${\alpha}{\frac{z^2f^{{\prime}{\prime}}(z)}{f(z)}}+{\frac{zf^{\prime}(z)}{f(z)}}{\prec}{\alpha}{\frac{z^2g^{{\prime}{\prime}}(z)}{g(z)}}+{\frac{zg^{\prime}(z)}{g(z)}},\;z{\in}E,$$ and $${\frac{z^2f^{{\prime}{\prime}}(z)}{f(z)}}{\prec}{\frac{z^2g^{{\prime}{\prime}}(z)}{g(z)}},\;z{\in}E.$$ As consequences, we obtain a number of sufficient conditions for star likeness of analytic maps in the unit disc. Here, the symbol ' ${\prec}$ ' stands for subordination

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