• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.121-124
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• 2014

Omega (${\omega}$)-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids appear to be effective in preventing and treating parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease, and several mechanisms were proposed for this observation. An 8-week-old male infant with cholestasis and acholic stool was diagnosed non-syndromic intrahepatic interlobular bile duct paucity by open-wedge liver biopsy. Initially he was treated with usual supportive medical therapy, including ursodeoxycholic acid. However, the clinical status and laboratory tests did not improve. Omega (${\omega}$)-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (initially intravenous administration and oral administration later), were started and his liver function, including aminotransferase level and bilirubin levels normalized, and the ivory stool color turned green. We report the possible effectiveness of ${\omega}$-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids as a potent choleretic agent for non-syndromic intrahepatic interlobular bile duct paucity, a very rare structural pediatric hepatic disease.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.36-42
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• 2014

In this paper, an epsilon near zero (ENZ) tunneling circuit using a double-ridge rectangular waveguide (RWG) is proposed for the miniaturization of a waveguide component. The proposed ENZ channel and is located in the middle of the input-output RWG (IORWG). The ratio of the height to the width of the channel waveguide is very small compared to the IORWG. By properly adjusting the ridge dimensions, the tunneling frequency of the proposed ENZ channel can be lowered to near the cut-off frequency of the IORWG. For the proposed ENZ tunneling circuit, the approach adopted for extracting the effective permittivity, effective permeability;normalized effective wave impedance, and propagation constant from the simulated scattering parameters was explained. The extracted parameters verified that the proposed channel is an ENZ channel and electromagnetic energy is tunneling through the channel. Simulation and measurement results of the fabricated ENZ channel structure agreed.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.133-138
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• 2016

This paper describes the track initiation and target-tracking filter for ship tracking in a marine environment by using Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR). LiDAR with three-dimensional scanning capability is more useful for target tracking in the short to medium range compared to RADAR. LiDAR has rotating multi-beams that return point clouds reflected from targets. Through preprocessing the cluster of the point cloud, the center point can be obtained from the cloud. Target tracking is carried out by using the center points of targets. The track of the target is initiated by investigating the normalized distance between the center points and connecting the points. The regular track obtained from the track initiation can be maintained by the target-tracking filter, which is commonly used in radar target tracking. The target-tracking filter is constructed to track a maneuvering target in a cluttered environment. The target-tracking algorithm including track initiation is experimentally evaluated in a sea-trial test with several boats.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.297-307
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• 2017

Evaluation on the sidesway seismic collapse capacity of the widely used low- and medium-height structures is meaningful. These structures with such type of collapse are recognized that behave as inelastic deteriorating single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) systems. To incorporate the deteriorating effects, the hysteretic loop of the nonlinear SDOF structural model is represented by a tri-linear force-displacement relationship. The concept of collapse capacity spectra are adopted, where the incremental dynamic analysis is performed to check the collapse point and a normalized ground motion intensity measure corresponding to the collapse point is used to define the collapse capacity. With a large amount of earthquake ground motions, a systematic parameter study, i.e., the influences of various ground motion parameters (site condition, magnitude, distance to rupture, and near-fault effect) as well as various structural parameters (damping, ductility, degrading stiffness, pinching behavior, accumulated damage, unloading stiffness, and P-delta effect) on the structural collapse capacity has been performed. The analytical formulas for the collapse capacity spectra considering above influences have been presented so as to quickly predict the structural collapse capacities.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.347-369
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• 2016

The main objective of this paper is the robust multi-objective optimization design of semi-active tuned mass damper (STMD) system using genetic algorithms and fuzzy logic. For optimal design of this system, it is required that the uncertainties which may exist in the system be taken into account. This consideration is performed through the robust design optimization (RDO) procedure. To evaluate the optimal values of the design parameters, three non-commensurable objective functions namely: normalized values of the maximum displacement, velocity, and acceleration of each story level are considered to minimize simultaneously. For this purpose, a fast and elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) approach is used to find a set of Pareto-optimal solutions. The torsional effects due to irregularities of the building and/or unsymmetrical placements of the dampers are taken into account through the 3-D modeling of the building. Finally, the comparison of the results shows that the probabilistic robust STMD system is capable of providing a reduction of about 52%, 42.5%, and 37.24% on the maximum displacement, velocity, and acceleration of the building top story, respectively.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.497-505
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• 2003

This paper describes a computational approach to the quantification of primary damage under irradiation and demonstrates the effect of neutron energy spectra on the formation of the displacement cascade. The development of displacement cascades in ${\alpha}-Iron$ has been simulated using the MOLDY code - a molecular dynamics code for simulating radiation damage. The primary knock-on atom energy, key input to the MOLDY code, was determined from the SPECTER code calculation on two neutron spectra. The two neutron spectra include; (i) neutron spectrum in the instrumented irradiation capsule of the high-flux advanced neutron application reactor (HANARO), and (ii) neutron spectrum at the inner surface of the reactor pressure vessel steel for the Younggwang nuclear power plant No.5 (YG 5). Minor differences in the normalized neutron spectra between the two spectra produce similar values of PKA energy, which are 4.7 keV for HANARO and 5.3 keV for YG 5. This similarity implies that primary damage to the components of the commercial nuclear reactors should be well simulated by irradiation in the HANARO. Moreover, the application of the MD calculations corroborates this statement by comparing cascades simulation results.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• v.4 no.5
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• pp.311-317
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• 2015

The aim of this study is to develop a 3D registration algorithm for positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) images acquired from independent PET/CT and MR imaging systems. Combined PET/CT images provide anatomic and functional information, and MR images have high resolution for soft tissue. With the registration technique, the strengths of each modality image can be combined to achieve higher performance in diagnosis and radiotherapy planning. The proposed method consists of two stages: normalized mutual information (NMI)-based global matching and independent component analysis (ICA)-based refinement. In global matching, the field of view of the CT and MR images are adjusted to the same size in the preprocessing step. Then, the target image is geometrically transformed, and the similarities between the two images are measured with NMI. The optimization step updates the transformation parameters to efficiently find the best matched parameter set. In the refinement stage, ICA planes from the windowed image slices are extracted and the similarity between the images is measured to determine the transformation parameters of the control points. B-spline. based freeform deformation is performed for the geometric transformation. The results show good agreement between PET/CT and MR images.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.287-291
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• 2004

A capacitive type humidity sensor has been fabricated using a polyimide film without hydrophobic elements and its characteristics has been evaluated for hermeticity measurement of micro packages. For a highly sensitive humidity sensor, a polyimide film without hydrophobic elements has been synthesized and used instead of using a commercial one in which 7 group elements such as fluorine or chlorine are included. Sensitivity, stability and hysteresis has been performed to characterize the fabricated sensors. The sensitivity defined as normalized percent capacitance change was 0.3751%RH and hysteresis was 0.77% in the range of 10%RH to 90%RH. Maximum deviation from the average capacitance measured for 120 minutes at 50%RH was 0.25%. The proposed humidity sensor can be used for hermeticity measurement of micro packages.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.190-196
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to develop a measurement system of cutter conditions for combine header diagnosis during rice harvesting. A load cell was installed at the locker-arm to measure load fluctuation and an acceleration senor was used to monitor vibration signal of cutter bar. The data were collected from a paddy field during harvesting. The tests were conducted with a normal cutter, a loosened cutter, a broken cutter, and a worn-out connecter pin at the field. The vibration signals converted by FFT (Fast Fourier Transformation), filtered, and normalized. The load data and peak values of vibration signals in four different frequency ranges were used to determine the cutting operation and the cutter conditions of combine. The multiple comparison tests showed that the load data and peak values of vibration signals were important to monitor the cutting operation and cutter conditions of combine header.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.415-417
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• 2005

In order to retrieve the latent and sensible heat fluxes, high-resolution airborne imageries with visible, near infrared, and thermal infrared bands and ground-base meteorology measurements are utilized in this paper. The retrieval scheme is based on the balance of surface energy budget and momentum equations. There are three basic surface parameters including surface albedo $(\alpha)$, normalized difference vegetation index (NOVI) and surface kinetic temperature (TO). Lowtran 7 code is used to correct the atmosphere effect. The imageries were taken on 28 April and 5 May 2003. From the scattering plot of data set, we observed the extreme dry and wet pixels to derive the fitting of dry and wet controlled lines, respectively. Then the sensible heat and latent heat fluxes are derived from through a partitioning factor A. The retrieved latent and sensible heat fluxes are compared with in situ measurements, including eddy correlation and porometer measurements. It is shown that the retrieved fluxes from our scheme match with the measurements better than those derived from the S-SEBI model.