• Computers and Concrete
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.77-98
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• 2004

This paper presents a numerical model for simulating the nonlinear response of reinforced concrete (RC) shear walls subject to cyclic loadings. The material behavior of cracked concrete is described by an orthotropic constitutive relation with tension-stiffening and compression softening effects defining equivalent uniaxial stress-strain relation in the axes of orthotropy. Especially in making analytical predictions for inelastic behaviors of RC walls under reversed cyclic loading, some influencing factors inducing the material nonlinearities have been considered. A simple hysteretic stress-strain relation of concrete, which crosses the tension-compression region, is defined. Modification of the hysteretic stress-strain relation of steel is also introduced to reflect a pinching effect depending on the shear span ratio and to represent an average stress distribution in a cracked RC element, respectively. To assess the applicability of the constitutive model for RC element, analytical results are compared with idealized shear panel and shear wall test results under monotonic and cyclic shear loadings.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.104-111
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• 2003

The performance of shock absorber is directly related to the car behaviour and performance, both for handling and comfort. In this study, a mathematical nonlinear dynamic model and computational method are introduced to study the flow and performance of shock absorber. The flow characteristics of components(piston and body valve) are investigated and applied to dynamic modeling of shock absorber to predict the damping force. The simulation results agree with the test data well. The shock absorber model proposed in this paper is applicable as a part of a full vehicle suspension simulation.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.150-158
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• 1999

The process of designing protective circuits against damage by transient overvoltages requires much work and expensive equipment. However computer simulation using PSpice can overcome these problems. In this paper a gas tube and a ZnO varistor Pspice-model considering the steepness of the wave-front were presented. The effects of various waveforms on the transient behaviors and firing volt-ages of a gas tube were modeled by controlled voltage source E controlled current source G and TABLE function of PSpice. And the nonlinear characteristics of a ZnO varistor were modeled by controlled voltage source E and H. To estimate the characteristics of the models proposed various waveforms specified in IEC Std. 1000310-4-5 were used in the simulation and the actual tests. The simulation results were compared with test results and showed good agreement.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.643-667
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• 2015

3-dimentional precast recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) finite element models were developed by means of the platform OpenSees to implement sophisticated nonlinear model subjected to seismic loads. Efforts were devoted to the dynamic responses (including dynamic characteristics, acceleration amplifications, displacements, story drifts) and capacity curve. In addition, this study extended the prediction on dynamic response of precast RAC model by parametric study of material properties that represent the replacement percentage of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA). Principles and assumptions that represent characteristics of precast structure and influence of the interface between head of column and cast-in-place (CIP) joint on the stiffness of the joints was put forward and validated by test results. The comparison between simulated and tested results of the precast RAC frame shows a good correlation with most of the relative errors about 25% in general. Therefore, the adopted assumptions and the platform OpenSees are a viable approach to simulate the dynamic response of precast frames made of RAC.

• 한국데이터정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.155-163
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• 2005

This paper applies Support Vector Regression (SVR) to estimate and forecast nonlinear autoregressive integrated (ARI) model of the daily exchange rates of four currencies (Swiss Francs, Indian Rupees, South Korean Won and Philippines Pesos) against U.S. dollar. The forecasting abilities of SVR are compared with linear ARI model which is estimated by OLS. Sensitivity of SVR results are also examined to kernel type and other free parameters. Empirical findings are in favor of SVR. SVR method forecasts exchange rate level better than linear ARI model and also has superior ability in forecasting the exchange rates direction in short test phase but has similar performance with OLS when forecasting the turning points in long test phase.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1207-1210
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• 2009

The goal of this research is to apply the neural networks models for the disaggregation of the pan evaporation (PE) data, Republic of Korea. The neural networks models consist of generalized regression neural networks model (GRNNM) and multilayer perceptron neural networks model (MLP-NNM), respectively. The disaggregation means that the yearly PE data divides into the monthly PE data. And, for the performances of the neural networks models, they are composed of training and test performances, respectively. The training and test performances consist of the only historic data, respectively. From this research, we evaluate the impact of GRNNM and MLP-NNM for the disaggregation of the nonlinear time series data. We should, furthermore, construct the credible data of the monthly PE data from the disaggregation of the yearly PE data, and can suggest the methodology for the irrigation and drainage networks system.

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• v.5A no.4
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• pp.385-389
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• 2005

Power transformers would appear to be simple. However, due to their nonlinear and frequency-dependent behaviors, they can be one of the most complex system components to model. It is imperative that the applied models be appropriate for the range of frequencies and excitation levels that the system experiences. Transformer modeling is not a mature field and newer improved models must be made available in ATP packages. Further, there is a lack of published guidance on recommended modeling approaches. And there is typically not enough detailed design or test information available to determine the parameters for a given model. The purpose of this paper is to develop improved transformer core models for ATP and parameter estimation methods that can efficiently utilize the limited available information such as factory test reports.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.spc1
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• pp.422-428
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• 2005

In this paper, the contact force between two colliding bodies is modeled by using Hertz's force-displacement law and nonlinear damping function. In order to verify the appropriateness of the proposed contact force model, the drop type impact test is carried out for different impact velocities and different materials of the impacting body, such as rubber, plastic and steel. In the drop type impact experiment, six photo interrupters in series close to the collision location are installed to measure the velocity before impact more accurately. The characteristics of contact force model are investigated through experiments. The parameters of the contact force model are estimated using the optimization technique. Finally the estimated parameters are used to predict the impact force between two colliding bodies in opening action of the magnetic contactor, a kind of switch mechanism for switching electric circuits.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.473-478
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to model the seismic behavior of Welded Unreinforced Flange and Bolted (WUF-B) connections with post-Northridge details and evaluate the system performance of the builidings with WUF-B connections. For this purpose, based on test results, mathematical model of the connections were developed and compared with test results. This connection model take into account both panel zone deformation and connection fractures. Then, SAC Phase II 3 and 9-story buildings were modeled using the connection model developed in this study. From nonlinear static pushover analysis of the buildings, maximum strength, maximum roof drift, and so forth are investigated for the buildings with post-Northridge details. Analysis results were compared with those of buildings with pre-Northridge details and ductile connections with no fractures.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.1346-1349
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• 2010

The goal of this research is to apply the neural networks models for the disaggregation of the pan evaporation (PE) data, Republic of Korea. The neural networks models consist of generalized regression neural networks model (GRNNM) and multilayer perceptron neural networks model (MLP-NNM), respectively. The disaggregation means that the yearly PE data divides into the monthly PE data. And, for the performances of the neural networks models, they are composed of training and test performances, respectively. The training and test performances consist of the historic, the generated, and the mixed data, respectively. From this research, we evaluate the impact of GRNNM and MLP-NNM for the disaggregation of the nonlinear time series data. We should, furthermore, construct the credible data of the monthly PE from the disaggregation of the yearly PE data, and can suggest the methodology for the irrigation and drainage networks system.