• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.118-124
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• 2011

Objectives: Although cigarette smoking is known to be related to the exacerbation of asthma symptoms, several studies have indicated that the prevalence of cigarette smoking among asthmatic adolescents is similar to or even higher than that among non-asthmatic adolescents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between asthma and cigarette use behaviors and whether or not the presence of suicidal ideation modifies this relationship among Korean adolescents. Methods: We analyzed data from the 2008 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, which included a nationally representative sample of middle and high school students. Multiple logistic regression models were used to calculate odd ratios and 95% confidence intervals of cigarette use behaviors among current asthmatics, former asthmatics, and nonasthmatics, after adjusting for gender, grade, school records, socioeconomic status, current alcohol use, and suicidal ideation. Results: Of 75 238 study participants, 3.5% were current asthmatics and 4.5% were former asthmatics. Compared with non-asthmatics, asthmatics were more likely to report current cigarette use, frequent and heavy cigarette use, and cigarette use before 13 years of age. There were statistically significant interactions between asthma and suicidal ideation in cigarette use behaviors. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that asthmatic adolescents are more likely than non-asthmatic adolescents to engage in cigarette use behaviors and the presence of suicidal ideation is an effect modifier of the relationship between asthma and cigarette use behaviors. Particular attention should be paid to the awareness of health risks of cigarette smoking and mental health problems among asthmatic adolescents.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.451-459
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• 2019

Purpose: Laparoscopic surgery is associated with lower surgical site infection (SSI) rates due to minimal skin incision and non-exposure of visceral organs. Most previous studies have analyzed the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotic use in open surgery. Here, we investigated the feasibility of total laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (TLDG) for gastric carcinoma without prophylactic antibiotic use. Materials and Methods: Seventy-one patients who underwent TLDG without prophylactic antibiotic use were 1:1 propensity score matched with 393 patients who underwent TLDG with antibiotic prophylaxis. The short-term surgical outcomes, including SSI rates, were compared between the groups. Results: After matching, 65 patients were selected in each group. The baseline clinicopathological characteristics were well balanced in the matched sample. In the matched group, there was no significant increase in postoperative morbidity in the non-prophylactic group compared with the prophylactic group (18.5% vs. 15.4%, P=0.640), and there were no grade 3≤ complications (1.4% vs. 0%, respectively; P=1.000). The SSI rates in the non-prophylactic and prophylactic groups were 3.1% and 1.5%, respectively (P=0.559). The time to gas passage, diet initiation, and mean hospital stay were not significantly different between the 2 groups. The SSI rate did not increase in the non-prophylactic group in the different subgroups based on different clinicopathological characteristics. Conclusions: Postoperative morbidity, including SSI rates, did not significantly increase in patients undergoing TLDG without prophylactic antibiotic use. A large prospective randomized trial is warranted to reappraise the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotic use in patients undergoing TLDG.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.93-99
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• 2017

The effort attempts to investigate the influence of various non-oriented electrical steel sheets on the core loss of a switched reluctance motor (SRM). The core loss of the motor inherits a strong correlation with flux density and permeability of the material. The study involves the use of laminated 2.7 % high silicon steel suitable for the motor in view of its higher flux density and lower core loss. The accurate prediction of core loss leaves way to suggest measures for improving the performance of the SRM. The dynamic simulation measurements of a 1.5 kW, three-phase 12/8 SRM involve the finite element method (FEM) and use the data obtained experimentally from Epstein frame. The closeness of the simulated and hardware results obtained with laminations of M400-50A, DI MAX-M19 and DI MAX-M15 both for the stator and rotor, espouse a greater significance to the findings in terms of the core loss density and forge new dimensions for its use in the drive industry.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.352-363
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• 2016

The study was an exploratory research on the awareness of informatization and attitudes to information technology (IT) and its use among elderly women in a metropolitan area. The questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data on IT use or non-use of elderly women aged 60 or older in senior welfare centers in Seoul, Korea. The data on 343 cases were analysed using SPSS 21.0. As a result, the rate of internet use was relatively high and different according to socio-demographic factors, such as age. The elderly women's attitudes like the levels of awareness and expectation of informatization were positive. Elderly women learned to use IT for psychological, emotional reasons as well as for practical ones, and the satisfaction level of IT use was relatively high. Finally, most IT non-users were indifferent and ignorant about IT use. In addition, the dissatisfaction level of IT non-use was normal, but elderly women had a relatively positive expectation of IT use in the future. This study may contribute to understanding the diverse pictures of IT use and the digital divide in old age, and assist in the development of practical programs and policies for the informatization and welfare for older adults.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.854-863
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• 2007

This study was performed to compare nutritional supplementation habits for Korean professional soccer players with those for the non-athletic male adults. Information about prevalence and kinds of supplements taken, information sources, nutrition knowledge were collected. Data were obtained from 53 football players working for Korean professional football clubs and 44 non-athletic males, who answered a list of questionnaires which had been prepared in advance. The prevalence of supplement use in the soccer player group (96%) was strikingly higher than in the nonathletic male group (34%). Vitamins were taken most frequently, followed by red ginseng, multivitamin, Chinese medicine and amino acids supplements in the soccer player group, with each player taking 2.96 kinds of supplements in average. Multivitamin was the most popular supplement in the non-athletic male group. The major reason for taking supplements was not to feel and recover from fatigue in both groups. It appeared that the non-athletic males started to use supplements mostly by recommendation of friends or colleagues. Meanwhile, soccer players took supplements on their needs, with half of them (50.1%) provided with nutrition information. The most important information source was coaches for soccer players group, and mass media for the non-athletic male group. The average scores of soccer players group on basic nutrition and athletic nutrition were lower than the respective values of the non-athletic males. Among the soccer players, 68% had taken more than 3 kinds of supplements during the last year; nonetheless, more than half could not perceive the effectiveness of the supplements. Our results show that supplementation practices were widespread in soccer players, and suggest that nutrition education for proper use of supplements and overall health care is needed for soccer players.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.87-94
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• 2021

Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine the meaning of the Soeumin's Softness and Non-softness in the mouth(口中和, 口中不和). Methods We examined The Existing Doctors's using of the Softness and Non-softness in the mouth, and considered Jema Lee's using of the Softness and Non-softness in the mouth. Afterward, we considered the meaning of the Soeumin's Softness and Non-softness in the mouth in 『Donguisusebowon(東醫壽世保元)』. Results and Conclusion 1. Junggyeong Jang used the Softness in the mouth, and he didn't use the Non-softness in the mouth in 『Sanghanlun(傷寒論)』. 2. The Next Generation Doctors used the Softness in the mouth, and they didn't use the Non-softness in the mouth. Especially, Dongwon Lee used the Softness in the mouth as the Knowing the taste of food, and used the Non-softness in the mouth as the Non-knowing the taste of food. 3. Jema Lee used the Softness and Non-softness in the mouth as urgent indicator of the Soeumbyeong diarrhea in 『Gabobon(甲午本)』, and used the Softness and Non-softness in the mouth as classification indicator of the Taeeumbyeong and Soeumbyeong in 『Sinchuckbon(辛丑本)』. 4. The Non-softness in the mouth is Jema Lee's specific term. It means dry of mouth, thirsty and the Non-knowing the taste of food. 5. The change from the Non-softness to Softness in the mouth is recovery indicator of the Soeumin's disease. It is the basis for setting the Drinking water(能飮水) as the Soeumin's igiljeung(二吉證).

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.1-22
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• 2023

Purposes: The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the factors that affect patients reusing non-face-to-face treatments at tertiary general hospitals. Methodology: We retrospectively analyzed a patient's reuse of non-face-to-face treatment from February 1, 2020, to December 31, 2021, at a tertiary general hospital in Seoul within one year of the first non-face-to-face treatment. A frequency analysis was conducted to identify the study subjects' demographic characteristics, treatment type characteristics, disease characteristics, and hospital use type characteristics. Also, across-analysis was conducted to verify the difference in non-face-to-face treatment reuse according to the characteristics a multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the factors affecting the reuse of non-face-to-face treatment by non-face-to-face treatment patients. Findings: The results of this study can be interpreted as indicating that the following groups are more likely tore use the non-face-to-face treatment: women, children, the elderly, Patients living far from the hospital, psychiatric patients, pediatric patients, medical benefits recipients, chronic patients, patients with mobility difficulties, and patients with high loyalty to hospitals. Practical Implications: When developing a non-face-to-face treatment system in the future, based on the results of this study, it is possible to target patients who prefer non-face-to-face treatment. And this study will be research material for vitalizing non-face-to-face treatment. In addition, the activation of the non-face-to-face treatment system will be an effective means for improving the quality of medical services and generating profits in hospitals in the future.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.22-31
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• 2014

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the complementary and substitute relationships between the use of Korean medicine (KM) and that of Western medicine (WM) in the treatment of musculoskeletal disease. Methods: We analyzed the 2009 Korea Health Panel dataset. General characteristics and the medical utilization of respondents were analyzed descriptively. Logistic regression, negative binominal regression, and Tobit regression analysis were used to identify the relationships between the use of KM and the use, visit frequency, and expenses of WM, respectively. Results: In the treatment of musculoskeletal disease, KM use and non-herbal treatments with Korean medicine significantly reduced WM use. Herb medication use significantly increased WM visit frequency. There were no significant relationships between KM use and WM expenses. Conclusions: There are substitute relationships between WM use and KM use, especially non-herbal treatments in KM. Therefore we need to develop the clinical protocols of KM and WM treatments in the treatment of musculoskeletal disease for proper distribution medical resources.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.4B
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• pp.385-396
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• 2009

Non-household unit water use for each type of business are estimated in this study. The business types are subdivided into forty based on nine categories by the national industrial standard classification, such as office, commerce, public bathing, public water use etc. Correlation analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) are applied to obtain statistical characteristics between industrial water use data, surveyed in six cities including Nonsan, Seosan and the National Statistical Bureau and site area, employees number etc. for each detailed business area. As the proposed non-household unit water uses are compared with five surveyed data in USA, it is shown that almost of water uses per unit area are less than those in USA. Non-household unit water uses of 25% cumulative probability water use recommended as efficiency benchmarks among surveyed data in Korea are also less than those in USA. Especially, in the case of water use in school, the average and the range are similar results showing water use range between 0.4 and 6.2 ($l/m^2/day$) as liter per capita day per an unit area, also water use range between 11.9 to 64.0 (l/student/day) as liter per capita day per a person. From the result of correlation analysis with internal and exogenous affecting factors on non-household water use, it can be concluded that a unit area is most appropriate factor as a standard of non-household unit water use. In case of water use in educational business, the number of students including staffs is more correlated than site ares with water use for the settled water consumption tendency. Although the increase and decrease of educational institutes, retail/wholesale store and restaurants are shown remarkable by the temperature as a representative factor, low correlations are shown in water use fluctuation in lodging house and hospital.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.5-11
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• 2015

Purpose - This study aims to explore the influence of combining "non-halal" labels with visual and textual warning labels on cigarette packages to induce the intention to quit smoking and boost the stop-smoking campaign. Research design, data, and methodology - This study examines"non-halal" labeling on cigarette packages using an experimental method. A total of 120 smokers, aged 18-23, were chosen from among Universitas Indonesia students. Data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA and T-Test. Results - The use of a "non-halal" label as a warning on cigarette packages is more effective to influence Muslim smokers to quit smoking. The results also suggest that "non-halal" labels more effectively increase intentions to quit smoking when use din combination with textual-visual labels. Conclusions - The study found that the addition of "non-halal" labels in textual or textual-visual warning labels on cigarette packages would significantly increase the intention of Moslems smokers to quit smoking. These results support previous research findings, that if cigarettes are labeled as "non-halal" (haram) products for Moslem teenagers, it will induce them to quit smoking.