• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.114-118
• /
• 2019

Efficient protocol for plant shoot regeneration of Brassica juncea L. CZERN was established by using organic media components and growth stimulating factors of the vermicompost and coelomic fluids. Formulated organic plant tissue culture media (Vermicompost (30%) extracts supplemented with 20 mL/L coelomic fluid) have shown maximum shoot regeneration when compared with the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, which were supplemented with 1 mg/L 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 0.1 mg/L of Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Cotyledon explants produced the highest shoot regeneration frequency from fourday-old germinated seedlings in comparison with non-germinated seedlings. The vermicompost extracts have proved to be the best organic plant growth media to induce shoots from cotyledons compared to the MS media. Statistically significant difference (P = 0.008) for the root length, shoot length (P=0.000350) and the leaves (P=0.375) of the mustard plantlets were analyzed successfully. The survival rate was 98% in the mustard cotyledons on the Vermicompost extract media and 63% on MS media respectively. The coelomic fluid also is much suitable to induce shoots from cotyledons at lower concentrations. It was also shown that the vermicompost extract, which comprised of humic acids along with coelomic fluid, affected shoot regeneration from the cotyledons. An efficient and organic shoot regeneration study was standardized and it can be applicable in the improvement of the economically important crops.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.26 no.7
• /
• pp.858-866
• /
• 1993

S.D.rats were fed with 3.4% tyrosine supplemented diet for 5 days. Tyrosine diet had no effects on brain NE and MHPG-SO4 levels in non-stressed rats. When these animals were given 3 hr-immobilization stress, they responded in a manner that coped better to the stress. This was measured by the increase in brain MHPG-SO4 indicating the increase in norepinephrine turnover by the stressed animals. When rats were stressed, fed basal or high-tyrosine diet, brain tyrosine concentration dropped more than 26% over the non-stress control animals. 3-hr immobilization stress also decreased brain NE levels. However, while the stress resulted in a significant decrease(p<0.05) of brain NE in basal diet, the decrease was not significant in high-TYR diet group. And as the stress index, serum corticosterone, glucose, and free fatty acid concentratons also were assayed. In this study, it was found that high-TYR diet prevented the stress-induced depletion of brain NE and suppressed the rise in serum corticosterone, glucose, and free fatty acid. These results suggest that high-TYR diet increases the coping ability of body to stress.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.319-329
• /
• 2016

High-level design aids are mandatory for design of a continuous-time delta-sigma modulator (CTDSM). This paper proposes a top-down methodology design to generate a noise transfer function (NTF) which is compensated for excess loop delay (ELD). This method is applicable to low pass loop-filter topologies. Non-ideal effects including ELD, integrator scaling issue, finite op-amp performance, clock jitter and DAC inaccuracies are explicitly represented in a behavioral simulation of a CTDSM. Mathematical modeling using MATLAB is supplemented with circuit-level simulation using Verilog-A blocks. Behavioral simulation and circuit-level simulation using Verilog-A blocks are used to validate our approach.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.46 no.4
• /
• pp.715-722
• /
• 2019

This study was done to compare the effects of the dietary supplementation of non-genetically modified organism (non-GMO) beet pulp and canola meal on reproduction performance in gestation-lactation sows. A total of 16 lactating sows (Landrace × Yorkshire) were randomly allotted to 1 of 2 dietary treatments with 8 replicates per treatment. Treatments consisted of genetically modified organism (GMO) basal diet (CON) and GMO basal diet supplemented with Non-GMO beet pulp and canola meal (NO). The experiment lasted from 4 weeks prior to farrowing, to day 21 of lactation. The ambient environments in the dry sow accommodation and the farrowing house were kept at a fairly constant temperature of 19 - 21℃, and 60% relative humidity. In the current study, inclusion of non-GMO feed ingredients diets showed comparable effects on the reproductive performance of the sows as that of the basal diet. There was no difference in reproduction performance in sows fed the non-GMO diets compared with CON diets when the feed ingredients were replaced with the feed by-product sugar-beet pulp (SBP) and canola meal (CM). In addition, there was also no significant difference in the growth performance of the piglets fed Non-GMO diets compared with the CON diet (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the results of the current study indicate a comparable effect of non-GMO sugar-beet pulp, and canola meal diet with basal diet on reproduction performance in gestation-lactation sows.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.131-144
• /
• 1993

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of different sources and level of dietary lipid on lecithin : cholesterol acyltrasferase activity and cholesterol metabolism in male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain. The effects of different lipid sources was compared with sardine oil($\omega$3 EPA and DHA), beef tallow(SFA), perilla oil($\omega$3 linolenic acid) and corn oil($\omega$6 linoleic acid). Diets were formulated in such a way that 10%, 20% and 40% dietary energy were supplied with each of four experimental lipid sources. Control diet contained only non-lipid energy. A total number of 78 rats, equally divided into 13 groups, were fed the experimental diets for a period of 6 weeks. In vitro cultures were also carried out to study the cholesterol synthetic activity in the liver prepared from rats used in feeding trials. The concentration of plasma total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-C/T/C(total cholesterol) ratio were significantly (p<0.001) influenced by dietary lipid sources. Higher HDL-cholesterol and lower LDL-cholesterol concentration in plasma were obtained in rats fed $\omega$3 fatty acid supplemented diets(sardine oil and perilla oil group) compared to diets containing $\omega$6 and saturated fatty acid(corn oil and beef tallow group). In total cholesterol concentration of plasma, beef tallow group was significantly (p<0.001) higher than other lipid groups, and non-lipid group was significantly(p<0.05) higher than the lipid supplemented groups. The activity of lecithin : cholesterol acyltransferase(LCAT) in plasma was greatly(p<0.001) affected by dietary lipid sources and levels. In LCAT acivity of plasma, lipid supplemented groups were significantly(p<0.05) higher than non-lipid group, vegetable oil groups were significantly (p<0.001) higher than animal fat groups, and sardine oil group were significalylty (p<0.001) higher than beef tallow group. Also perilla oil group was significanlty (p<0.05) higher than corn oil group, and sardine oil group was significantly (p<0.05) higher than perilla oil group. Low lipid group, compared with medium or high lipid group, showed higher activity of LCAT in plasma. In cholesterol synthetic activity of liver tissues culture, sardine oil group($\omega$3 EPA and DHA) was significantly(p<0.001) higher than other lipid groups, non-lipid group was significantly(p<0.001) higher than the lipid supplemented groups, and amimal fat group were significantly(p<0.001) higher than vegetable oil groups, but the synthetic activity was not affected by dietary lipid levels.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.45 no.2
• /
• pp.161-166
• /
• 2016

This study was designed to investigate whether or not onion peel extract can lower blood lipid levels in rats exposed to cigarette smoke (CS) extract with a high-fat diet. Initially, male Sprague-Dawley rats were housed individually in a stainless steel, wire-bottomed cage with free access to AIN-93G diet. Rats were weight-matched and assigned to the following five groups: 1) control rats (CT) fed standard AIN-93G diet alone, 2) control rats exposed to CS extract (CT+CS), 3) high-fat group (HF) fed standard AIN-93 diet supplemented with 3% lard and 0.2% cholesterol, 4) high-fat group exposed to CS extract (HF+CS) fed standard AIN-93 diet supplemented with 3% lard and 0.2% cholesterol plus CS extract, and 5) high-fat plus onion peel (OP) extract group exposed to CS extract (HF+CS+OP) fed standard AIN-93 diet supplemented with 3% lard, 0.2% cholesterol, and onion peel extract (20 mg/17 g diet) plus CS extract. Using this feeding protocol, all animals completely consumed their respective diets throughout the 6 week duration. Blood was collected via the orbital sinus at weeks 0, 3, and 6, following overnight food deprivation. OP extract feeding resulted in significant reductions in blood triglyceride, total cholesterol, and non-HDL-cholesterol. Further, serum activities of aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase were significantly reduced by OP extract at 6 weeks. These results provide clear evidence that onion peel extract has a profound inhibitory effect on blood lipids in rats exposed to CS extract. These findings suggest that OP extract can be used as an effective means in alleviating the serum lipid concentration after CS exposure.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2000

This study was carried out to find the effects of plant growth regulators on callus formation, rooting and shooting from cotyledon explant in oriental me]on. Various combinations of 0.1 mg/L auxins (IAA, NAA) and 0.5, 1.0. 1.5, 2.0 mg/L cytokinins (BA, kinetin, zeatin) were treated to the MS basal medium, respectively. Callus was induced mort effectively as 2,437.0 mg (FW)/explant in MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L NAA and 2.0 mg/L BA, but that was non-embryogenic callus as colored yellow white and broke easily. Root was induced most effectively at a frequency of 98.0% in MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L NAA and 0-5 mg/L kinetin. Shoots formed on cut part of vein at a frequency of 98.0% in MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L IAA and 2.0 mg/L BA, that were multiple shoots. in case of its concentration, BA and lower concentration of IAA and NAA (0.01 and 0.05 mg/L). respectively. shooting ratio was not increased. The result of treatment with BA 0-5 mg/L and IAA 0.1 mg/L, callus induced at a week, and shoot start to form multiple shoots about 3 weeks after inoculation. After 2 times subculture as 2 weeks intervals, divided shoots rooted and developed into intact plantlets at 10 weeks and then that grown normally on pots after acclimatization.

• Journal of fish pathology
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.25-35
• /
• 2002

Effects of medicinal herb extract on nonspecific immune responses, hematology and disease resistance against Edwardsiella tarda in olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus were evaluated. Wormwood, Artemisia asiatica NAKAI and barrenwort, Epimedium koreanum NAKAI were mixed at a ratio of 7 : 3 (w/w) for 2-herbs extract and wormwood, barrenwort, Korean forsythia, Forsythia koreana NAKAI, chrysanthemum, Chrysanthemum zawadskii var. latilobum KITAMURA, peppermint, Mentha arvensis L. var, piperascens MALINV., great burnet, Snaguisorba afficinalis L., Lizard tail. Saururus chinensis BAILL., mulberry, Morus alba L., and star anise, Illicium varum HOOK, f, at the same weight for 9-herbs extract. Two-herbs of 9-herbs extract were prepared by heating after adding 10㎖ of distilled water per g of the herb mixtures. Fish (10.3$\pm$2.5g) were fed the experimental diets supplemented with the 2-herbs or 9-herbs extract at the different concentrations of 0%, 0.1%, 0.5% and 1% per kg diet for 12 weeks. Lysozyme and bactericidal activities of serum, and hematological characteristics were examined during experimental period. After feeding test period, all experimental groups were challenged with E. tarda. Lysozyme activity from the fish fed the diet supplemented with 0.1% or 0.5% of 2-herbs extract was significantly higher than the control. But there was no difference both in bactericidal activity and hematology among each group. Sixty seven % of relative percent survival values (RPS) in the group fed the diet supplemented with 0.1% of 2-herbs was higher than the other group and the control. These results suggest that supplenmentation of 0.1% of 2-herbs extract to a commercial diet may enhance disease resistance in olive flounder. Although both 0.1% and 0.5% 9-herbs extract did not improve non-specific immune reponses, they could enhance disease resistance of 53% RPS, respectively.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.353-359
• /
• 2011

The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementation with the needles of Pinus densiflora on the fermentation characteristics of honey wine (Pinus densiflora-honey wine). Honey without supplementation with needles of Pinus densiflora (honey wine) was included as a control. Physiochemical changes were investigated during 30 days of fermentation at $20^{\circ}C$, and following aging. At the beginning of fermentation, pH and viable cell counts of Pinus densiflora-honey wine changed rapidly, while $^{\circ}Bx$ decreased gradually. Viable yeast counts reached maximum levels at 5 to 10 days of fermentation. At day 0, the pH of Pinus densiflora-honey wine was 3.8, while the non-supplemented honey wine had a pH of 3.4. Decease in $^{\circ}Bx$ was faster in Pinus densiflora-honey wine than in non-supplemented honey wine. Supplementation of honey with needles of Pinus densiflora prior to fermentation shifted the initial pH to a more neutral pH, and the presence of Pinus densiflora needles increased the fermentation speed. The final $^{\circ}Bx$, pH, ethanol content, and total titratable acidity of Pinus densiflora-honey wine were $13.7^{\circ}Bx$, pH 3.05, 13.5%, and 0.37%, respectively. A sensory evaluation demonstrated that addition of 4% (w/v) fructose to honey wine supplemented with neddles of Pinus densiflora raised the level of product acceptability.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.205-212
• /
• 2009

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the expression of various angiogenic factors during osteoblastic differentiation of periostealderived cells and the effects of osteogenic inductive medium of periosteal-derived cells on the proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells. Materials and methods : Periosteal-derived cells were obtained from mandibular periosteums and introduced into the cell culture. After passage 3, the cells were divided into two groups and cultured for 21 days. In one group, the cells were cultured in the DMEM supplemented with osteogenic inductive agent, including 50g/ml L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate, 10 nM dexamethasone and 10 mM -glycerophosphate. In the other group, they were cultured in DMEM supplemented without osteogenic inductive agent. VEGF isoforms, VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, and neuropilin-1 mRNA expression was observed. Human umbilical cord blood-derived endothelial progenitor cell proliferation was also observed. Results : The expression of VEGF isoforms was higher in osteogenic inductive medium than in non-osteogenic inductive medium. The expression of VEGFR-2 was also higher in osteogenic inductive medium than in non-osteogenic inductive medium. However, the expression of VEGFR-1 and neuropilin-1 was similar in both osteogenic inductive medium and non-osteogenic inductive medium. In addition, conditioned medium from differentiated periosteal-derived cells stimulated human umbilical cord blood-derived endothelial progenitor cell numbers compared to conditioned medium from non-differentiated periosteal-derived cells. Conclusion : These results suggest that in vitro osteoblastic differentiation of periosteal-derived cells has angiogenic capacity to support endothelial progenitor cell numbers.