• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2012.10a
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• pp.609-610
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• 2012

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.47 no.8
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• pp.42-46
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• 2010

Energy detection based spectrum sensing compares the energy of a received signal from a primary user with a detection threshold and decides whether it is active or not in the frequency band of interest. Here the detection threshold depends on not only a target false alarm probability but also the level of the noise energy in the band. So, if the noise energy changes, the detection threshold must be adjusted accordingly to maintain the given false alarm probability. Most previous works on energy detection for spectrum sensing are based on the assumption that noise energy is known a priori. In this paper, we present a new energy detection scheme updating its detection threshold under the assumption that the noise is white, and analyze its detection performance. Analytic results show that the proposed scheme can maintain a target false alarm rate without regard to the noise energy level and its spectrum sensing performance gets better as the time bandwidth product of the signal used to estimate the noise energy increases.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.207-213
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• 1997

Measurements of the RF(Radio Frequency) noise spectrum from 30 MHz to 18 GHz have been conducted at 21 urban areas in Korea in 1994 and 1995. Statistical analysis of the data measured seasonally, day and night, at each different point has been performed. The results of the computer analysis on APD, NAD, and ACR[1] using GUI(Graphical User Interface) program show that the radio noise environments vary little in spring, summer, and winter, while the noise level increases a little in fall. In addition, the noise level of the night time shows a little higher than that of the day time.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.98-101
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• 2002

The switching-mode power converter has been widely used because of its features of high efficiency and small weight and size. These features are brought by the ON-OFF operation of semiconductor switching devices. However, this switching operation causes the surge and EMI(Electromagnetic Interference) which deteriorate the reliability of the converter themselves and entire electronic systems. This problem on the surge and noise is one of the most serious difficulties in AC-to-DC converter. In the case of carrier frequency selection, output-voltage of steady state and transient state is fully regulated. A RPWM control method was proposed in order to smooth the switching noise spectrum and reduce it's level. Experimental results are verified by converter operating at 300V/1kW with 5%${\sim}$30% white noise input. Spectrum analysis is performed on the Phase current and the CM noise voltage. The former is measured with Current Probe and the latter is achieved with USN. which are connected to the spectrum analyzer respectively.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.3-8
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• 2014

Recently, a spectrum sensing technique employing the maximum value of a received power spectrum as a test statistic has been presented in the literature for the purpose of detecting a wireless microphone signal in TV bands This detects the presence of a primary user by comparing the test statistic with some threshold, which depends on the background noise power level as well as a target false alarm rate. Therefore its performance may deteriorate when the noise power uncertainty occurs. As a means to mitigate this difficulty, we present a spectrum sensing strategy adopting the ratio of the maximum and the minimum value of the power spectrum as a test statistic and analyze its performance of spectrum sensing.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.329-334
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• 2013

Order spectrum analysis is widely used to grasp the features of noises due to powertrain system including engine and intake/exhaust system. It is known from many previous researches that order components related to the first and second firing frequencies of engine considerably affect the noise of car interior. The purpose of this paper is to find out the difference in sound quality: Pleasantness of car interior noise according to the change of its order spectrum. For this, car interior noises of 6-cylinder and 4-cylinder engines are recorded and their order spectrum levels are modified by applying adaptive digital filters. After subjective listening test employing paired comparison method is conducted, it is investigated that the level change of half-order components is a noticeable factor to improve Pleasantness of the car interior noises whereas level decrease of firing order does not always give the positive effect on its sound quality.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.818-827
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• 2008

In this paper, we propose a new noise estimation and reduction algorithm for stationary and nonstationary noisy environments. This approach uses an algorithm that classifies the speech and noise signal contributions in time-frequency bins. It relies on the ratio of the normalized standard deviation of the noisy power spectrum in time-frequency bins to its average. If the ratio is greater than an adaptive estimator, speech is considered to be present. The propose method uses an auto control parameter for an adaptive estimator to work well in highly nonstationary noisy environments. The auto control parameter is controlled by a linear function using a posteriori signal to noise ratio(SNR) according to the increase or the decrease of the noise level. The estimated clean speech power spectrum is obtained by a modified gain function and the updated noisy power spectrum of the time-frequency bin. This new algorithm has the advantages of much more simplicity and light computational load for estimating the stationary and nonstationary noise environments. The proposed algorithm is superior to conventional methods. To evaluate the algorithm's performance, we test it using the NOIZEUS database, and use the segment signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) and ITU-T P.835 as evaluation criteria.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1995

In order to seek various relationships among many design parameters employed in the design of the axial-flow fans the program which generates acoustic spectrum has been developed and its validity verified. Outputs of the program, with other outputs from a formerly developed performance prediction program, have been used to form a multi-objective function, for which an optimal design process was carried out. The present analysis shows that overall noise level and efficiency has contrasting trends, and the chord length turns out to be the most critical design variable. In the chosen design case of requirements $Q=2000m^2/min$, ${\Delta}P_s=67mmAq$, D=1.4m, the chord length of 0.2059m minimizes the overall noise level, while chord length of 0.1254m maximizes the efficiency. The resulting chord length in the balanced optimization is 0.1809m.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 1980

An underwater recording system was designed to measure the sound spectra of the underwater noises produced by fishing gears in operation. Recorded were noi~es from three types of fishing gears: an anchovy set net, three anchovy boat seine net and a stern trawlnet. Acoustic analysis were made using a heterodyne analyzer, a digital frequency analyzer and a level recorder. The no;'e produced by the anchovy set net was found in the high frequency region of the onset of ambient noise spectrum with a slope of - 6 dB/octave. Here the ambient noise spectrum is higher, though similar in shape, than Knudsen spectrum, and is attributed to the breaking action of the coastal wave. Measured noise spectra during the fishing operations of the anchovy boat seine nets are attributed to the background noise of the sea in the presence of the fishing vessels. The frequency distribution of the noise was 20~5, 000 Hz in the case of two steel anchovy boat seiners, and 20-3,000 Hz in the case of the wooden anchovy boat seiner. The predominant frequency range was 250~350 Hz and maximum sound pressure level was 122 dB (re $1\muPa$) in the case of the steel boat and ] 17 dB in the case of the wooden boat. The noises produced by the trawl fishing gears are remarkably higher than the background noi~e in the presence of the fishing vessel. The frequency distribution of the noi~e was 20-6,300 Hz. The predominant frequency range was 100~200 Hz and maximum sound pressure level was 137 dB ( re $1\muPa$) . The noise spectra were not so much different from that caused by vibrations of the towing cable and the structure of the ground rope of the trawl net towed in an experimental tank.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.729-732
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• 2004

An experimental and numerical approach has been carried out for to see the noise characteristics of a circular diamond saw. The noise level measurement result for the several kinds of shanks shows us that the noise level reduction in high frequency range could be an effective way to control the noise problem. Sandwich type shank whose center part is laminated with a low Young‘s modulus material greatly reduces the noise level. The noise level for the shank where several curve shaped slits are provided in the circumferential direction is reduced considerably too. The response spectrum analysis by the FEM shows us to be an alternative for predicting the noise characteristics of the shank.