• 제목/요약/키워드: nodulation mutants

검색결과 19건 처리시간 0.02초

초다 근류착생 돌연변이체 콩의 뿌리혹 형성 및 초기생육 (Nodulation and Early Growth of Supernodulating Mutants in Soybean)

  • 이석하;이홍석
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제37권1호
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    • pp.16-21
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    • 1992
  • 초다 근류착생성 콩 nts 382 및 nts 246와 wild-type인 Bragg의 초기생육, 뿌리혹 형성 및 질소고정능력을 조사하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같이 요약된다. 1. nts 계통은 뿌리혹건물중이 현저히 높아서 파종후 31일째에는 Bragg에 비하여 2.5내지 3.5배에 달하였다. 2. nts 계통은 과도한 뿌리혹 형성 때문에 지상부 광합성산물을 많이 소모하여 지상부의 생육이 저해되었다.

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Introduction, Development, and Characterization of Supernodulating Soybean Mutant -Shoot Factor Regulation of Nodule Development in Supernodulating Soybean Mutant-

  • Lee, Hong-Suk;Kim, Yong-Wook;Park, Eui-Ho
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제43권1호
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    • pp.28-31
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    • 1998
  • Nodule development was regulated partially by host plant factors originating in the shoots and roots. This study was performed to identify the origin of the factors regulating nodulation in supernodulating soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) mutant 'SS2-2' which was isolated recently from ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis of 'Sinpaldalkong 2'. Self- and reciprocal-grafts were made among three soybean genotypes which consisted of two supernodulating mutants, SS2-2 and 'nts 382', and a normal nodulating Sinpaldalkong 2. Self-grafted supernodulating mutants were characterized by greater nodule number, nodule dry weight, and $C_2$H$_2$ reduction activity than self-grafted wild types. They were also characterized by relatively higher nodule to root dry weight. Significant shoot genotypic effects were observed on nodule number, nodule dry weight, and $C_2\;H_2$ reduction activity per plant, whereas varying root genotypes had no effects. From this result, it is surmised that supernodulating characters are controlled by a graft-transmissible shoot factor, and mutant SS2-2 may have similar nodulation mechanism to the former supernodulating nts 382. In all grafts, both supernodulating mutants and Sinpaldalkong 2 maintained the similar balance between above ground and below ground parts regardless of significant differences in partitioning of dry matter into root and nodule between supernodulating mutants and Sinpaldalkong 2.

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Heme 합성특성이 다른 Rhizobium meliloti 102F51 Mutant의 선별 (Rhizobium meliloti 102F51 Mutants Defective in Heme Synthesis)

  • 최영주;정원화;김경수;신평균;조무제
    • 미생물학회지
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.98-105
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    • 1986
  • Rhizobium melitoli 102F51에 N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine 및 UV를 처리하여 heme 합성 특성이 다른 세 그룹의 mutant 즉 백색, 적백색 및 적색근류형성 mutant를 선별하여 이들 중 mutant들의 acetylene 환원력, 및 ${\delta}-aminolevulinic$ acid dehydratase (ALAD)를 free living 및 bacteriod 상태하에서 서로 비교하였다. 백색 근류를 형성하는 mutant는 적색 근류형성 mutant에 비하여 acetylene 환원력이 훨씬 낮았으며 ALAS 및 ALAD 활성은 free-living 상태에서는 각 mutant group 사이에서 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나 bacteriod 상태에서는 백색근류생성 mutant에서 적색 근류형성 mutant group에 비하여 ALAS 및 ALAD 공히 현저히 낮았다. 근류에서 ALAS 활성은 heme 합성양에 비례하여 급진적으로 증가하였으나 ALAD 활성은 plant fraction에서는 감소하는 반면 bacteroid fraction에서는 완만하게 증가하였다.

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다량 뿌리혹 형성 콩 계통의 도입 개발 및 생육특성구명 1. 돌연변이유기에 의한 콩 초다뿌리혹형성 계통선발 (Introduction, Development, and Characterization of Supernodulating Soybean Mutant. 1. Mutagenesis of Soybean and Selection of Supernodulating Soybean Mutant)

  • 이홍석;채영암;박의호;김용욱;윤광일;이석하
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제42권2호
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    • pp.247-253
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    • 1997
  • 콩에서 돌연변이를 효율적으로 유기시킬 수 있는 적정 EMS농도를 결정하기 위하여, 황금콩, 장엽콩, 검정콩 001에 30, 50, 70mM EMS세 수준으로 처리 한 다음 M$_1$종자의 포장발아율과 M$_2$ 세대의 돌연변이체 출현빈도율을 조사하였으며 다량 뿌리혹형성 변이체 선발을 위하여 신팔달콩002 종자 약 18,000립에 30mM EMS를 처리하여 M$_2$세대에서 선발하고, 선발된 변이체의 뿌리혹 형성능력을 미국 초다뿌리혹형성 nts계통과 비교한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. M$_1$종자의 포장출현율은 검정콩 001가 황금콩과 장엽콩보다 높은 경향이었으며, 세 품종 모두 EMS처리 농도가 증가함에 따라 포장출현율이 낮았다. 2. M$_2$세대에서 돌연변이개체는 엽록소 결핍개체가 가장 많이 출현하였는데, 그외에도 생장점괴사, 엽이상, 엽수변이체, 단경 등 다양한 변이양상을 보였다. 3. 30mM EMS처리가 포장발아율도 높고, 돌연변이개체 출현율도 50, 70mM에 비하여 양호한 편으로 판단되었다. 4. 신팔달콩 002로부터 30mM EMS처리에 의하여 M$_2$세대에서 뿌리혹 형성 nts계통보다도 많은 뿌리혹이 형성되었으며, 뿌리혹형성도 일찍 시작되었다.

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Transposon Tn5 Mutagenesis of Bradyrhizobium japonicum: A Histidine Auxotrophic Mutant of B. japonicum Shows Defective Nodulation Phenotype on Soybean

  • So, Jae-Seong
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제5권2호
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    • pp.110-113
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    • 1995
  • Transposon Tn5 was used to induce random insertional mutations in Bradyrhizobium japonicum, a soybean endosymbiont. By genomic Southern blot analysis, transposition events were found to have occurred randomly throughout the B. japonicum genome. After screening 3, 626 mutants by auxotrophy test, a histidine auxotroph was isolated. Upon plant infection test, the His mutant showed a 3~4 day delay in nodule formation.

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Molecular Genetics of the Model Legume Medicago truncatula

  • Nam, Young-Woo
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제17권2호
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    • pp.67-70
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    • 2001
  • Medicago truncatula is a diploid legume plant related to the forage crop alfalfa. Recently, it has been chosen as a model species for genomic studies due to its small genome, self-fertility, short generation time, and high transformation efficiency. M. truncatula engages in symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing soil bacterium Rhizobium meliloti. M. truncatula mutants that are defective in nodulation and developmental processes have been generated. Some of these mutants exhibited altered phenotypes in symbiotic responses such as root hair deformation, expression of nodulin genes, and calcium spiking. Thus, the genes controlling these traits are likely to encode functions that are required for Nod-factor signal transduction pathways. To facilitate genome analysis and map-based cloning of symbiotic genes, a bacterial artificial chromosome library was constructed. An efficient polymerase chain reaction-based screening of the library was devised to fasten physical mapping of specific genomic regions. As a genomics approach, comparative mapping revealed high levels of macro- and microsynteny between M. truncatula and other legume genomes. Expressed sequence tags and microarray profiles reflecting the genetic and biochemical events associated with the development and environmental interactions of M. truncatula are assembled in the databases. Together, these genomics programs will help enrich our understanding of the legume biology.

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Rhizobium japonicum에 있어서 변이주(變異株)의 선발(選拔) 및 특성(特性) (Screening and Physiological Characteristics of Mutants in Rhizobium japonicum)

  • 박창동;강상재;박우철
    • Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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    • 제12권
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    • pp.57-68
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    • 1994
  • Rhizobium jaonicum S118로부터 변이주(變異株)를 선발(選拔)하고 생리적(生理的)인 특성(特性) 및 식물체(植物體)와의 상호관계(相互關係)등을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 아래와 같다. N. T. G를 처리(處理)한 S118로부터 근류(根瘤)를 형성(形成)하지 않는 SM255, 근류착생(根瘤着生)이 아주 좋고 acetylene환원력(還元力)도 높은 HP277, 근류착생(根瘤着生)이 S118보다 떨어진 LP268 그리고 근류(根瘤)가 아주 드물게 형성(形成)되는 SM303을 선별(選別)하였다. SM255를 접종(接種)한 식물체(植物體)는 생육(生育)이 저조(低調)하였고, 뿌리털의 curling 현상(現象)도 관찰(觀察)되지 않았다. 반면 HP277은 SM255와 서로 다른 결과(結果)를 나타내었다. Litmus milk 반응(反應)에서 HP277이 alkali성(性), serume zone을 형성(形成)하였고, congo red를 약(弱)하게 흡수(吸收)하였다. YEM배지(培地)에서 SM255는 생육(生育)이 S118과 비슷한 slow-growing형(型)이지만 HP277은 fast-growing형(型)이었다. 질산(窒酸) 및 아질산(亞窒酸) 환원(還元)은 LP268이 음성(陰性), 음성(陰性), SM255는 양성(陽性), 양성(陽性), 그 외(外) 균주(菌株)는 양성(陽性), 음성(陰性)으로 나타났다. SM255는 무기태(無機態)와 유기태(有機態) 질소원(窒素源)의 영향(影響)을 받아 생육(生育)이 저조(低調)하였다. 그러나 HP277은 $Ca(NO_3)_2{\cdot}4H_2O$의 10mM, 25mM 농도(濃度)에서 생육(生育)이 가능하였고, 유기태(有機態) 질소원(窒素源)의 이용(利用)이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 모든 균주(菌株)가 starch를 이용(利用)하지 못하였고 arabinose의 경우 SM255와 SM303은 타균주(他菌株)에 비해 이용성(利用性)이 낮음을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 sucrose는 모든 균주(菌株)가 이용(利用)할 수 있었다. HP277과 S118은 균체(菌體) 단백질(蛋白質)의 조성(組成)에 차이(差異)가 없었고, SM255는 Rm 0.62의 band가 결여(缺如)되어 있었다.

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Introduction, Development, and Characterization of Supernodulating Soybean Mutant -Nitrate Inhibition of Nodulation and Nitrogen Fixation in Supernodulating Soybean Mutant-

  • Lee, Hong-Suk;Lee, Suk-Ha
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제43권1호
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    • pp.23-27
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    • 1998
  • Inhibition of nodule formation and nitrogen fixation by soil nitrogen, primarily nitrate, is well known in legume plants. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of ${NO_3}^-$ on the nodulation, nitrogenase activity, and growth of supernodulating soybean mutant and its wild type. A greenhouse study was conducted to compare two of supernodulating mutants, 'SS2-2' and 'nts 382', with the normal nodulating cultivar 'Sinpaldalkong 2' when grown in a 1-l styroform cup filled with sand, and fertilized with five levels of ${NO_3}^-$ (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 mM). During the growth period, each plant was supplied two or three times a week with 50 mL of nutrient solution. Supernodulating soybean mutants, SS2-2 and nts 382, showed more nodules and nodule mass, and greater $C_2\;H_2$ activity than the wild type, Sinpaldalkong 2, regardless of the level of exogeneous nitrogen supply. On the other hand, total dry weight of SS2-2 mutant, which was smaller than Sinpaldalkong 2, did not respond to the various ${NO_3}^-$-N levels. This suggested that supernodulating SS2-2 mutant could maintain fairly high total dry weight at the low ${NO_3}^-$-N level, even in the absence of exogeneous ${NO_3}^-$-N in the nutrient solution. From the reduced top growth and high nitrogen fixing ability of supernodulating mutants, it was surmised that supernodulating mutant could potentially protect agricultural environments from pollution through the reduction in nitrogen fertilization as well as maintain fairly high yield with increasing planting density.

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