• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.45-55
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• 1985

Observations on reproduction of Rhodochorton purpureum (Lightfoot) Rosenvinge (Acrochaetiaceae, Rhodophyta) was carried out with plants from Hokkaido, Japan. This species produces no monosporangia both in nature and culture, even though it does tetrasporangia commonly. The plants from Nemuro produce neither sporangia nor gametangia, and thus vegetative reproduction is the only known way to propagate themselves. It is suggested that the vegetative reproduction occurs in nature by fragmentation of vegetative filaments after development of a rhizoid. Several different modes of rhizoid production are described. The plants from Akkeshi and Oshoro (I) produce tetrasporangia that develop into plants producing only tetrasporangia. The plants from Muroran and Oshoro (II) produce tetrasporangia that develop into gametophytes. Gametophytes of R. purpureum from Muroran produce tetrasporangia as well as spermatangia or carpogonia. Such tetrasporangia on gametophytes are presumed to be mitotic.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.229-238
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• 2010

This study investigates the differences in acoustic parameters in vowel space across hearing loss, gender and vowels. The parameters include F1, F2, Euclidean Distance between vowels, and vowel triangular area comprised of /i/, /a/ and /u/. For this study, 20 hearing-impaired and normal hearing adults as a control group were asked to read 7 Korean vowels (/a, $\wedge$, o, u, w, i, $\varepsilon$/). Subjects' readings were recorded by NasalView and analyzed by Praat. Results showed that F1 were significantly higher in the hearing impaired group than in the normal hearing group, higher in the female group than in male group, and higher in low vowels than in high vowels. And the means of F2 was significantly higher in the hearing impaired group than in normal hearing group, higher in high vowels than in low vowels, and there was no difference between male and female group. Secondly, Euclidean distance between vowels was significantly shorter in the hearing-impaired group than in the normal group. Finally, acoustic vowel space area was significantly smaller in the hearing-impaired group than in the normal hearing group. The hearing-impaired group showed that front vowels tended to be backed and back vowels to be fronted.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.694-699
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• 2009

A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was developed for the detection of 4 events of genetically modified (GM) soybean. The event-specific primers were designed from 4 events of GM soybean (RRS, A2704-12, DP356043-5, and MON89788). The lectin was used as an endogenous reference gene of soybean in the PCR detection. The primer pair YjLec-4-F/R producing 100 bp amplicon was used to amplify the lectin gene and no amplified product was observed in any of the 9 different plants used as templates. This multiplex PCR method allowed for the detection of event-specific targets in a genomic DNA mixture of up to 1% GM soybean mixture containing RRS, A2704-12, DP356043-5, and MON89788. In this study, 20 soybean products obtained from commercial food markets were analyzed by the multiplex PCR. As a result, 6 samples contained RRS. These results indicate that this multiplex PCR method could be a useful tool for monitoring GM soybean.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1994.02b
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• pp.164-168
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• 1994

Single serologic tests may occasionally influence clinicians in making diagnoses. The antistreptolysin O (ASO) test is a frequently used tool for detecting recent Streptococcus pyogenes infection and is helpful in the diagnosis of diseases like rheumatic fever. Using data from a 1989 prospective study of 600 healthy male military recruits, in which 43% experienced S. pyogenes upper respiratory tract infection (2-dilution rise in ASO), this report compared two methods of interpreting a single ASO titer. Using the 'upper limit of normal' (80 percentile) method, recruits with an ASO titer of greater than 400 showed evidence of recent S. pyogenes infection. This method had a sensitivity and specificity of only 65.9 and 81.9% respectively. In contrast to the 'yes-no'. dichotomy of the 'upper limit of normal' method. the likelihood ratio method statistics were ASO value specific, more consistent with clinical judgment, and better emphasized the caution clinicians must use in interpreting a single ASO test.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.8B
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• pp.1211-1216
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• 2010

There is no reference grasp only embedded SW market because embedded SW is built in SW production. In this paper, In order to know only embedded SW market, we used estimation method size of the amount of production. We draw suitable industry cluster structure of embedded SW market estimation. As we estimated size of embedded SW market by industry cluster. And, We calculated importance of embedded SW by industry cluster and finally we estimated size of embedded SW market. Result of estimation, added values of embedded SW estimated about 27 trillion.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39B no.9
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• pp.570-577
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• 2014

Range-based real time localization systems require superior localization techniques as well as accurate ranging algorithms for better performance. To evaluate the ranging accuracy between two nodes in practical environments, this paper does not only present a qualitative analysis by computing a distance equation under SDS-TWR measurement model of no symmetry assumption, but also executes a quantitative evaluation by doing experiments after building up a test network employing the developed sensor node. Experimental results show that the ranging accuracy of the proposed implementation of IEEE 802.15.4a software stack is superior with smaller average error rate by 60% to one of the commercial Nanotron's reference development kit.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.1386-1391
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• 2000

In this paper, the method to linearize the non-linearity of diode and to compensate the characteristics change of diode with the temperature is studied. Square root circuit is used to linearize the non-linearity of diode about the input power, and two identical diodes and OP-Amps, which have variable reference, are used to compensate the characteristic change of diode with the temperature. As the result, designed diode power detector (with the square root circuit and temperature compensation circuit) can detect the output power linearly with the 0.23 $\pm$0.025V/dBm rate in the case the input power is greater than -6 dBm, and the designed circuit operates stably with no variation in the output data about the temperature change from the room temperature to 8$0^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.17
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• pp.261-273
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• 1989

The study attempted to determine if the effectiveness of bibliographic 'instruction would be different among student groups, divided by grade levels, major areas of study, and the level of library skills posessed before the instruction. The focal point of the investigation was the degree of improvement demonstrated by the changes in mean score of each group after taking bibliographic instruction. Sangmyong Women's University students who have taken the bibliographic instruction course for credit were the subjects of the study. Students' library skills were measured prior to the bibliographic instruction and post-test was followed. And the measured was based on the 'Library skills Test' developed by the Illinois Association of College and Research Libraries. Three hypotheses in the study were tested statistically by ANOVA. The followings are the results of the analysis: (1) There were no significant differences in bibliographic instruction effectiveness among student groups divided by grade levels; (2) There were significant differences (p<.01) in bibliographic instruction effectiveness among student groups divided by major areas of study. Bibliographic instruction was more effective for humanities or social sciences majors than for performing arts or physical education majors; (3) There were significant differences (p<.001) in bibliographic instruction effectiveness among student groups divided by the initial library skills. Obviously, bibliographic instruction was more effective for the students in bottom quartile than those in top quartile or middle quartiles. Finally, limitations of the study, recommendations based on the results and area for future research are briefly examined.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.421-424
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• 2016

This study evaluated the efficacy and the skin safety and stability of a cosmetic that is an applied water extract and fermented hydrolysate of abalone (Haliotis discus hannai Ino), which was produced at the south coast of Korea. In the patch test, purified water, 1,3-butylene glycol and liquid crystal lotion were used as the reference group, and water extract and fermented hydrolysate of abalone and lotion formulation of water extract and fermented hydrolysate of abalone were used as the sample group. The results of patch test showed no irritation on skin among in any of the test groups. Therefore, the water extract and fermented hydrolysate of abalone (Haliotis discus hannai Ino) are safe for human skin.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.177-189
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• 2015

The output of the controller is said to exceed the input limits of the plant being controlled when a control system operates in a non-linear region. This process is called the windup phenomenon. The windup phenomenon is not preferable in the control system because it leads to performance degradation, such as overshoot and system instability. Many anti-windup strategies involve switching, where the integral component differently operates between the linear and the non-linear states. The range of state for the non-overshoot performance is better illustrated by the boundary integral error plane than the proportional-integral (PI) plane in windup inspection. This study proposes a PI controller with a separate closed-loop integral controller and reference value set with respect to the input command and external torque. The PI controller is compared with existing conventional proportional integral, conditional integration, tracking back calculation, and integral state prediction schemes by using ScicosLab simulations. The controller is also experimentally verified on a direct current motor under no-load and loading conditions. The proposed controller shows a promising potential with its ability to eliminate overshoot with short settling time using the decoupling mode in both conditions.