• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.247-255
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• 2013

In this study, the colors and characteristics of Gwangbok-ro of Busan were analyzed in the standpoint of local images based on the examination of the facade designs of stores along the road of Gwangbok-ro, Busan a main street with massive population flow. To that end, the facades of stores, correlation with the city, color and locality were examined, and after the status of facade designs in Gwangbok-ro were identified through case survey by it, color images were analyzed. For color analysis, Munsell color system was used as basic tool. As a result of examining the colors in Gwangbok-ro area, the following status could be analyzed on 3 attributes of hue, brightness and chroma: First, analysis results of hue indicated that dominant color that covers 70% or more of the area represented mid brightness and low chroma in GY(36.1%) series, subsidiary color which covers 25% or more of the area mid brightness and low chroma in YR(26.5%) series, and accent color that covers less than 5% of the area high brightness and low chroma of GY(40%) series. Second, in brightness analysis, dominant color mostly represented mid brightness, subsidiary color mid brightness and accent color high brightness respectively. In particular accent color showed more intensive crowding phenomenon in high brightness. Third, as for chroma, dominant color, subsidiary color and accent color all are gathered in low chroma, however in small number of accent colors, peculiar high chroma appeared notable. In conclusion, the colors of Gwangbok-ro area analyzed based on the facade design of the stores along the road in this study were superficial colors that reflect the life of people in the area, artificial colors by improvement of the local environment. This study is meaningful in that the image of Gwangbok-ro was found through building colors in one part of the city Busan. It is judged that the study results would become useful as reference document in planning out environment colors later on.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.19B no.2
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• pp.113-122
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• 2012

This paper presents a new stereo matching technique which is based on the matching of feature windows and feature links. The proposed method uses the FAST feature detector to find image features in stereo images and determines the correspondences of the detected features in the stereo images. We define a feature window which is an image region containing several image features. The proposed technique consists of two matching steps. First, a feature window is defined in a standard image and its correspondence is found in a reference image. Second, the corresponding features between the matched windows are determined by using the feature link technique. If there is no correspondence for an image feature in the standard image, it's disparity is interpolated by neighboring feature sets. We evaluate the accuracy of the proposed technique by comparing our results with the ground truth of in a stereo image database. We also compare the matching accuracy and computation time with two conventional feature-based stereo matching techniques.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.229-242
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of fibrin tissue adhesive and porous resorbable calcium carbonate on the periodontal regeneration of the class II furcation defect in dogs. Class II furcation defect was surgically created on the second, third, and fourth premolars bilaterally in the mandibles of six mongrel dogs. The experimental sites were divided into four groups according to the treatment modalities: Control-surgical debridement only; Group I-calcium carbonate grafting; Group II-application of fibrin adhesive only; Group III-application of fibrin adhesive after calcium carbonate grafting. The animals were sacrificed at the 2, 4, and 12 weeks after periodontal surgery and the decalcified specimens were prepared for histological and histometrical examination. The results are as follows : Clinically, there were no inflammatory response in all groups after 2, 4, 12 weeks. In the Control group, junctional epithelium was grown downward to the reference notch. In Group I, graft materials were exfoliated from the defect throughout the experimenta periods andnew bone was seen in the notch area at 4 and 12 week specimens. In Group II, fibrin adhesive was absorbed at 2 week specimens, and connective tissue attachment increased than that of control group. New cementum and new bone were seen above the notch area. In Group III, the graft material was maintained in the defect throughout the experimental period and inducing the amount of periodontal tissue regeneration was higher than other groups. These results suggest that the use of fibrin tissue adhesive in conjunction with porous resorbable calcium carbonate would improves the stability of graft material and inhibit the epithelial down growth and make it be a feasible method for periodontal regeneration.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.295-305
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• 2017

Objectives: This study was performed to provide a reference base to establish foundation for education about dental hygienist-related medical law and introduction of the system. Methods: A survey was conducted on 210 dental hygienists working at a dental clinic/ hospital in Jeollado. Data were analysed through chi-square test, one-way ANOVA, independent t-test, and Pearson's correlation analysis using SPSS 21.0 program. The study instruments included general characteristics of the subjects, knowledge on laws related to dental hygiene, attitude towards dental hygienist-related medical laws, level of understanding of medical related laws, and medical dispute educational hours. Results: The knowledge of dental hygienist-related medical law was high in dental hygienists aged 25 years and younger and with less than 3 years of clinical experience (p<0.05). The attitude towards the law was low in age of younger than 25 years, a three year college degree, a job position as a staff member, more than 5 years of work experience at present work place, and less than 3 years of clinical experience (p<0.05). Understanding of medical related laws was high in clinical staff members and with less than 3 years of clinical experience (p<0.05). Educational needs for medical dispute prevention was high in a job position as a staff member, low level of attitude towards dental hygienist-related medical law, and no attainment of education on medical dispute (p<0.05). Conclusions: The above results demonstrate that education and public relations about laws related with dental hygiene practice are essential. It is imperative to establish a systematic and bureaucratic legal system to prevent dental malpractice.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.31 no.10
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• pp.51-59
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• 2003

A method of autonomous update is presented for onboard orbit propagator. On board propagator is an alternative means that could be used for navigation purpose in case of CPS receiver's failure. Although the ground station is not a able to upload a new propagator, the onboard propagator must be maintained most up-to-date. For this, a filtering technique is proposed wherein GPS data are effectively used to continuously update the on board propagator which was uploaded previously. Even if the ground station has generated the on board propagator based on the wrong information, the onboard propagator with updating scheme can automatically correct the errors in the coefficients of residual reconstruction function. Several scenarios were used to show the validity of the scheme for updating the onboard propagator using KOMPSAT-1 orbit data.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.119-130
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to evaluate hemodynamics of intracranial blood flow for obtain clinically useful reference values and assess cerebral hemodynamics change with aging. 81 normal Korean subjects(age, 14$\thicksim\∼\thicksim$70 years) examined who han no history of neurologic disease and the subjects divided into group A(age, 14$\∼$39 years), group B(age, 40$\∼$59 years) and group C(age, 60$\∼$70 years). Transcranial doppler was use for measured the maximum velocity(Vmax), mean velocity(Vmean), pulsatility index(PI), resistive index(RI), stenosis index(SI) and depth of sample volume. Vmax was 99.1 1cm/s, Vmean was 63.57cm/s, PI was 0.85, RI was 0.56, SI was 31.94 and depth of sample volume was 52.35 in middle cerebral artery. Vmax was 85.54cm/s, Vmean was 52.52cm/s, PI was 0.82, RI was 0.55, SI was 34.48 and depth of sample volume was 73.62 in anterior cerebral artery. Vmax was 75.45cm/s, Vmean was 45.60cm/s, PI was 0.82, RI was 0.58, SI was 36.14 and depth of sample volume was 62.35 in posterior cerebral artery. Vmax was 70.44cm/s, Vmean was 47.07cm/s, PI was 0.87, RI was 0.58, SI was 29.83 and depth of sample volume was 75.23 in basilar artery Vmax was 63.92, Vmean was 42.42, PI was 0.89, RI was 0.58, SI was 29.89 and depth of sample volume was 66.65 in vertebral artery. Vmax and Vmean was significantly decreased with increasing age in middle cerebral artery, anterior cerebral artery, posterior cerebral artery, basilar artery and vertebral artery And PI and RI was significantly increased with increasing age in basilar artery and vertebral artery. And I suggest that transcranial doppler sonography can be used as one of useful clinical tool for detection of cerebral hemodynamics.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.268-272
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of reconstruction kernel, and slice thickness on the accuracy of spiral CT-based volume assessment over a range of object sizes typical of synthetic simulated tumor. Spiral CT scanning was performed at various reconstruction kernels (soft tissue, standard, bone), and slice thickness (1, 2, 3 mm) using a phantom made of gelatin and 10 synthetic simulated tumors of different sizes (diameter 3.0-12.0 mm). Three-dimensional volume assessments were obtained using an automated software tool. Results were compared with the reference volume by calculating the percentage error. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and setting statistical significance at P < 0.05. In general, smaller slice thickness and larger sphere diameters produced more accurate volume assessment than larger slice thickness and smaller sphere diameter. The measured volumes were larger than the actual volumes by a common factor depending on slice thickness; in 100HU simulated tumors that had statistically significant, 1 mm slice thickness produced on average 27.41%, 2 mm slice thickness produced 45.61%, 3 mm slice thickness produced 93.36% overestimates of volume. However, there was no statistically significant difference in volume error for spiral CT scans taken with techniques where only reconstruction kernel was changed. These results supported that synthetic simulated tumor size, slice thickness were significant parameters in determining volume measurement errors. For an accurate volumetric measurement of an object, it is critical to select an appropriate slice thickness and to consider the size of an object.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.107-123
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• 2005

Traditional herbal medicine is widely used among the Korean people, and other eastern Asian countries employ similar therapies as well. In recent years, due to increasing interest in herbal medicine, many researches have been made on the toxicity and adverse drug reactions of herbal medications. Through private and public media, there have been many opinions that taking herbal medicine is very harmful, especially, to liver and kidney. We face upon evaluation of herbal medication, safe, and efficacy. Furthermore, we need to control quality of herbs. This study aims to verify the evidence that taking herbal medicine will yield equal reaction in 2 lab animal groups (A and B). One frequently prescribed herbal medication, Yugmijihwangtang, was used to test the evaluation of quality on lab animals (SD-Rat). There were no significant differences in body, visceral weight, and serum analysis test results after herbal medication for 1 month. But, AST and ALT scores were raised in 2 subjects in group A (over reference range). It seems to be an adverse drug reaction, and this finding was restricted in group A herbal medicine. These results suggest that we need to qualify herbal plants in Korea, and study which herbs would cause specific reactions in human.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.217-223
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• 2015

The obesity epidemic is a worldwide problem. Factors predisposing to obesity include genetics, race, socioeconomic conditions, birth by cesarean section, and perinatal antibiotic use. High protein (HP) content in infant formulas has been identified as a potential culprit predisposing to rapid weight gain in the first few months of life and leading to later obesity. In a large multicountry study the effects of lower protein (LP) formula (1.77 and 2.2 g protein/100 kcal, before and after the 5th month, respectively) were compared to those of higher protein (2.9 and 4.4 g protein/100 kcal, respectively). Results indicated that at 24 months, the weight-for-length z score of infants in the LP formula group was 0.20 (0.06, 0.34) lower than that of the HP group and was similar to that of the breastfed reference group. The authors concluded that a HP content of infant formula is associated with higher weight in the first 2 years of life but has no effect on length. LP intake in infancy might diminish the later risk of overweight and obesity. At 6 years of age HP children had a significantly higher body mass index (by 0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.13-0.90; p=0.009) and a 2.43 (95% CI, 1.12-5.27; p=0.024) fold greater risk of becoming obese than those who received the LP. In conclusion, several factors may influence development of metabolic syndrome and obesity. Breastfeeding should always be encouraged. An overall reduction of protein intake in formula non breastfed infants seems to be an additional way to prevent obesity.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.165-176
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• 2017

Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the risk of bleeding following minor oral surgical procedures and uninterrupted aspirin therapy in high-risk patients or patients with existing chronic diseases compared to patients who did not use aspirin during minor oral surgery at a public hospital. Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed the data of 2912 patients, aged 20 years or older, who underwent 5251 minor oral surgical procedures at a district hospital in Thailand. The aspirin group was comprised of patients continuing aspirin therapy during oral surgery. The non-aspirin group (reference) included all those who did not use aspirin during surgery. Immediate and late-onset bleeding was evaluated in each procedure. The risk ratio of bleeding was estimated using a multilevel Poisson regression. Results: The overall cumulative incidence of immediate bleeding was 1.3% of total procedures. No late-onset bleeding was found. A significantly greater incidence of bleeding was found in the aspirin group (5.8% of procedures, p<0.001). After adjusting for covariates, a multilevel Poisson regression model estimated that the bleeding risk in the aspirin group was 4.5 times higher than that of the non-aspirin group (95% confidence interval, 2.0 to 10.0; p<0.001). However, all bleeding events were controlled by simple hemostatic measures. Conclusions: High-risk patients or patients with existing chronic diseases who continued aspirin therapy following minor oral surgery were at a higher risk of hemorrhage than general patients who had not used aspirin. Nonetheless, bleeding complications were not life-threatening and could be promptly managed by simple hemostatic measures. The procedures could therefore be provided with an awareness of increased bleeding risk, prepared hemostatic measures, and postoperative monitoring, without the need for discontinuing aspirin, which could lead to more serious complications.