• Land and Housing Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.57-71
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• 2024

This study aims to develop an evaluation method for solar power facilities considering disaster impacts and to analyse the vulnerabilities of existing facilities. Haenam-gun in Jeollanam-do, where the reassessment of existing facilities is urgent, was selected as the study area. To evaluate the vulnerability from a more objective perspective, principal component analysis and entropy methods were utilised. Seven vulnerability assessment indicators were selected: maximum hourly rainfall, maximum wind speed, number of typhoon occurrence days, number of rainfall days lasting more than five days, maximum daily rainfall, impermeable area ratio, and population density. Among these, maximum hourly rainfall, maximum wind speed, maximum daily rainfall, and number of rainfall days lasting more than five days were found to have the highest weights. The overlay of the derived weights showed that the southeastern regions of Haenam-eup and Bukil-myeon were classified as Grade 1 and 2, whereas the northern regions of Hwawon-myeon, Sani-myeon, and Munnae-myeon were classified as Grade 4 and 5, indicating differences in vulnerability. Of the 2,133 facilities evaluated, 91.1% were classified as Grade 3 or higher, indicating a generally favourable condition. However, there were more Grade 1 facilities than Grade 2, highlighting the need for countermeasures. This study is significant in that it evaluates solar power facilities considering urban disaster resilience and is expected to be used as a basic resource for the installation of new facilities or the management and operation of existing ones.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.124-140
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• 2023

The rapid growth in shared E-scooters worldwide has led to many studies on the topic. The results of these studies are still in the early stages, and the main factors affecting trips are being identified. In particular, the development of trip-generation models is very important for transportation planning, and a new transportation mode for developing the models for shared E-scooters is lacking both domestically and internationally. This study aims to develop a trip generation model for shared E-scooters using significant variables by thoroughly reviewing previous studies. The trip characteristics of major service areas and other areas may differ owing to the trip characteristics of the mode. The trip generation models were developed based on the service trip density by dividing the areas by service level. The factors affecting shared E-scooter trips in major service areas included the presence of universities, closeness centrality, and cultural areas, while factors affecting the trips in minor service areas included the presence of universities, betweenness centrality, and trip distance. The developed models provide basic information that can be used to establish transport policies for introducing shared E-scooters in cities in the future.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.10-20
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• 2024

RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) is a technique used for providing global patterns of transcriptomes in samples. However, it can only provide the average gene expression across cells and does not address the heterogeneity within the samples. The advances in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology have revolutionized our understanding of heterogeneity and the dynamics of gene expression at the single-cell level. For example, scRNA-seq allows us to identify the cell types in complex tissues, which can provide information regarding the alteration of the cell population by perturbations, such as genetic modification. Since its initial introduction, scRNA-seq has rapidly become popular, leading to the development of a huge number of bioinformatic tools. However, the analysis of the big dataset generated from scRNA-seq requires a general understanding of the preprocessing of the dataset and a variety of analytical techniques. Here, we present an overview of the workflow involved in analyzing the scRNA-seq dataset. First, we describe the preprocessing of the dataset, including quality control, normalization, and dimensionality reduction. Then, we introduce the downstream analysis provided with the most commonly used computational packages. This review aims to provide a workflow guideline for new researchers interested in this field.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.211-227
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• 2024

Introduction: Seaweed is a sustainable and underexplored source of bioactive compounds with potent anti-inflammatory activities. However, studies on the interaction between seaweed and genes on inflammation are limited. Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the relationships between seaweed consumption and the polygenic risk scores (PRS) and their interactions with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels. Methods: Information on seaweed consumption was collected using a food frequency questionnaire, which included laver, kelp, and sea mustard among the items consumed. A total of 31 hs-CRP-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected using genome-wide association studies and clumping analysis, and the individual PRS were calculated by weighting the effect size of each allele in the selected SNPs of 39,369 middle-aged (≥40 years) Koreans using the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES)-Health Examinees (HEXA) cohort data. To investigate the interaction between seaweed intake and the PRS on hs-CRP levels >1 mg/L, hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were assessed using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. Results: During a mean follow-up period of 4.8 years, we recorded 436 patients with elevated hs-CRP levels. Women in the highest tertile of the PRS with the lowest quartile of seaweed intake had an increased incidence of elevated hs-CRP levels compared with women in the lowest tertile of the PRS with the lowest seaweed intake quartile (HR 2.34, 95% CI 1.23-4.45). No significant association was observed among the men. Conclusion: In conclusion, we identified a new interaction between the PRS, seaweed intake, and inflammation in Korean women, and this study suggests that the interaction between the identification of genetic predisposition and dietary seaweed intake may have an impact on determining the risk of developing hyperinflammation in the future.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2024

Background: Among the various pain-related diseases that can be encountered at the clinic, there is a neuropathic pain that is difficult to treat. Numerous methods have been proposed to treat neuropathic pain, such as taking medication, nerve block with lidocaine, or neurolysis with alcohol or phenol. Recently, a method of perineural injection using dextrose instead of lidocaine was proposed. This study was designed to compare the effects of perineural injection therapy (PIT) with buffered 5% dextrose or 0.5% lidocaine on neuropathic pain. Methods: The data were collected from the database of pain clinic from August 1st, 2019 to December 31st, 2022 without any personal information. The inclusion criteria were patients diagnosed with postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), trigeminal neuralgia (TN), complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), or peripheral neuropathy (PN), and patients who had undergone PIT with buffered 5% dextrose (Dextrose group) or 0.5% lidocaine (Lidocaine group) for pain control. The data of patients, namely sex, age, and pain score (numerical rating scale, NRS) were collected before PIT. The data of NRS, side effects, and satisfaction grade (excellent, good, fair, or poor) were collected one week after each of the four PIT, and two weeks after the last PIT. Results: Overall, 112 subjects were enrolled. The Dextrose group included 89 and Lidocaine group included 23 patients. Because the number of patients in the Lidocaine group was too small to allow statistical analysis, the trend in Lidocaine group was just observed in each disease. There were no significant side effects except for a few bruise cases on the site of injection in all groups. The NRS in most Dextrose groups except CRPS were reduced significantly; however, the Lidocaine group showed a trend of pain reduction only in PHN. The Dextrose group except CRPS showed increased satisfaction two weeks after the final PIT. Conclusion: From the results, it is suggested that PIT with buffered 5% dextrose may have a good effect for neuropathic pain without any side effect except for patients with CRPS. This may offer a window into a new tool that practitioners can employ in their quest to help patients with neuropathic pain.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.525-532
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• 2024

This study explores the impact of physical characteristics (e.g., shape, color, material, size, weight, technical features) of smart wristbands and smartwatches on consumers' perceived functional, aesthetic, and symbolic values using an extended technology acceptance model. An online survey was conducted with adult residents of the United States who had experience using smart wristbands or smartwatches. Participants were asked about various physical characteristics of products they had used in the past year or were currently using, and their evaluations of these characteristics. The results revealed that the shape of the front display shape significantly influenced symbolic value, with circle shape and square shpae showing significantly higher symbolic value than rectangle shape. Wristband materials also had a significant impact on symbolic value, with metal and leather showing higher symbolic value among various materials. Additionally, an increase in product size was associated with higher symbolic value. Moreover, certain technical features such as activity tracker, alarm clock, and distance tracking influenced perceived functional value, while functions like time display, GPS, and email influenced perceived aesthetic value. Pedometer, GPS, and email were found to enhance perceived symbolic value. These findings provide valuable insights into consumer preferences for smart wristbands and smartwatches, serving as valuable information for product improvement and new product development.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.390-397
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• 2023

Introduction: Biological risks are a major global problem in the workplace. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for a more comprehensive understanding of the biological risks at work. This study presents data on both communicable infectious biological agents and noncommunicable factors leading to death and disability for the year 2021. Methods: We followed the methodology established by the International Labour Organization (ILO) in their past global estimates on occupational accidents and work-related diseases. We used relevant ILO estimates for hazardous substances and related population attributable fractions derived from literature, which were then applied to World Health Organization mortality data. The communicable diseases included in the estimates were tuberculosis, pneumococcal diseases, malaria, diarrheal diseases, other infectious diseases, neglected tropical diseases, influenza associated respiratory diseases and COVID-19. Noncommunicable diseases and injuries considered were Chronic Obstructive Diseases (COPD) due to organic dusts, asthma, allergic reactions and risks related to animal contact. We estimated death attributable to biological risk at work and disability in terms of disability adjusted life years (DALYs). Results: We estimated that in 2022, 550,819 deaths were caused by biological risk factors, with 476,000 deaths attributed to communicable infectious diseases and 74,000 deaths caused by noncommunicable factors. Among these, there were 223,650 deaths attributed to COVID-19 at work. We calculated the rate of 584 DALYs per 100,000 workers, representing an 11% increase from the previous estimate of the global burden of work-related disabilities measured by DALYs. Conclusion: This is a first update since previous 2007 ILO estimates, which has now increased by 74% and covers most biological risks factors. However, it is important to note that there may be other diseases and deaths are missing from the data, which need to be included when new information becomes available. It is also worth mentioning that while deaths caused by major communicable diseases including COVID-19 are relatively rare within the working population, absences from work due to these diseases are likely to be very common within the active workforce.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.49-62
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• 2023

Due to social and cultural changes and the growth of aging people living as a single because of aging, lonely deaths are steadily increasing, and each local government has begun to define them as a social problem. The legal basis began to be established. In order to explore policy measures to prevent lonely deaths, this study examined cases of lonely death prevention policies using smart digital information technology (AI, IOT), which is being promoted by Daegu Metropolitan City to promote non-face-to-face policies to prevent lonely deaths. Policies related to lonely deaths are divided into two axes: lonely death prevention projects and post-excavation support projects. In order to operate these businesses efficiently, the provision of non-face-to-face services through artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things is recognized as a new service delivery system, so the importance and necessity of non-face-to-face services is increasing. It is time that multifaceted changes and preparations are needed, such as establishing a system to expand the non-face-to-face industry at the national level. In order to respond to another national disaster situation in the future, the non-face-to-face smart care system is being expanded in various welfare policies such as preventing lonely deaths. It will have to be activated.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.209-217
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to explore development plans by analyzing social interests and perceptions of jiu-jitsu using big data analysis. Network analysis, centrality analysis, and CONCOR analysis were conducted by collecting data for the last 10 years of major domestic portal sites. First, 'judo' was found to be the most important related word in network analysis, and 'judo' was also an important word in the analysis of dgree centrality. In the closeness centrality analysis, "defender" was the most important word, and "sports" was the most important word in betweenness centrality. Finally, as a result of CONCOR analysis, four clusters (related sports and marketing, jiu-jitsu competitions, belt test, supplies and expenses) were formed. As a conclusion of the study, first, words such as 'judo', 'exercise', 'competition', 'dobok', 'gym', and 'graduation' should be actively used to promote jiu-jitsu.As a conclusion of the study, first, words such as 'judo', 'exercise', 'contest', 'dobok', 'gym', and 'graduation' should be actively used to promote jiu-jitsu. Second, it is necessary to share information on training costs through various routes, to make awareness of the graduation process or method common, and to develop safety products and create a safe training culture. Third, it is necessary to find ways to continuously increase the influx of new trainees by attracting steady competitions.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.69-79
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• 2024

Companies should resolve consumer dissatisfaction and increase brand loyalty by actively identifying the factors of consumer dissatisfaction and proactively responding to expected complaint behavior to induce repurchase. This is a management goal that should be pursued in common regardless of the size of the company. The specific purpose of this study is to find out whether the degree of dissatisfaction differs depending on whether or not consumers' expected performance before purchase and the actual perceived performance after purchase is compared, whether the degree of dissatisfaction affects the type of complaint behavior, which is a subsequent behavior, and whether the attributable behavior has a moderating effect in this process and whether the persistence of the result and the controllability of the cause act as a factor that determines the attribution position. In particular, compared to general companies, venture companies are more likely to overload the information processing ability of managers and are likely to make various irrational errors in decision making, so this study has important academic and practical implications. As a result of the analysis, the negative inconsistency group had the highest degree of dissatisfaction, and the higher the degree of inconsistency, the higher the dissatisfaction. The attributable behavior of unsatisfied consumers had a moderating effect on the degree of dissatisfaction, and the dissatisfaction was significantly higher in the external attributable group than the internal attributable group, which was statistically significant. On the other hand, the persistence of the result had a statistically significant effect on the attribution position, but the controllability of the cause was not. The degree of attributable behavior and dissatisfaction did not affect the type of complaining behavior, showing limited influence. Along with the interpretation of these results, this study presents various implications, especially for small and medium-sized/venture companies that provide new durable products.