• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 2003년도 ISIS 2003
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• pp.539-542
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• 2003

A motor is the workhorse of our industry. The issues of preventive and condition-based maintenance, online monitoring, system fault detection, diagnosis, and prognosis are of increasing importance. Different internal motor faults (e.g., inter-turn short circuits, broken bearings, broken rotor bars) along with external motor faults (e.g., phase failure, mechanical overload, blocked rotor) are expected to happen sooner or later. This paper introduces the fault detection technique of induction motors based upon the stator current. The fault motors have rotor bar broken or rotor unbalance defect, respectively. The stator currents are measured by the current meters and stored by the time domain. The time domain is not suitable to represent the current signals, so the frequency domain is applied to display the signals. The Fourier Transformer is used for the conversion of the signal. After the conversion of the signals, the features of the signals have to be extracted by the signal processing methods like a wavelet analysis, a spectrum analysis, etc. The discovered features are entered to the pattern classification model such as a neural network model, a polynomial neural network, a fuzzy inference model, etc. This paper describes the fault detection results that use wavelet decomposition. The wavelet analysis is very useful method for the time and frequency domain each. Also it is powerful method to detect the features in the signals.

• 전자공학회논문지CI
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.10-21
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• 2000

거리 변환(Distance Transform)을 수행할 수 있는 셀룰라 비선형 네트워크 구조와 특징 점들의 제적 상에서 거리 변환을 이용한 optical flow 검출 방법을 제안하였다. 움직이는 물체의 추적이나 카메라의 움직임 파악 같은 응용 분야에서는 수가 적더라도 정확하고 확실한 optical flow가 더 중요하다. 본 연구는 특징점들의 이동 궤적 상에서 거리 변환 기법을 이용하여 거리 변환 필드(Distance Transform Field)를 생성시키고 거리 변환 필드상에서 궤적의 움직인 거리 값과 방향을 추출함으로써 optical flow를 구하는 방법이다. 이 방법은 영상 정보를 거리 정보로 변환하여 사용하게 되므로 잡음의 영향을 적게 받으며 필요한 연산들이 아날로그 회로에 의해 처리되므로 처리 속도가 빠르고, 지역적 처리 특성을 갖기 때문에 하드웨어 구현이 용이하다는 특징이 있다. 또한, 본 연구에서는 제안한 알고리즘의 핵심부분을 하드웨어로 구현하기 위해 셀룰라 비선형 네트워크(Celluar Nonlinear Neural Network)구조를 제안하였다. 제안한 구조와 알고리즘을 검증하기 위해 다양한 영상과 환경에 대한 시뮬레이션을 수행하여 결과를 제시하였다.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.5-16
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• 2008

1980년대 이후 마인드풀니스를 활용한 다양한 치료 프로그램들이 임상 현장에서 적용되고 있으며 최근에는 교육 현장에서도 활용되고 있다. 본고에서는 최근에 발표된 마인드풀니스 관련 단행본과 학술잡지를 연구하여 마인드풀니스의 의미와 MBSR, MBCT, ACT, DBT 등의 임상적 활용에 대해 고찰한 결과 마인드풀니스는 스트레스 극복을 통한 다양한 정신신체질환에 적용 가능할 뿐만 아니라 불안증, 우울증, 식이장애 등 정신과적 질환에 적용가능하며 새로운 정신사회적 치료의 한 가지로 활용될 수 있는 가능성을 보여주고 있다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2018

Smokers keep smoking despite knowing that tobacco claims many lives, including their own and others'. What makes it hard for them to quit smoking nonetheless? Tobacco companies insist that smokers choose to smoke, according to their right to self-determination. Moreover, they insist that with motivation and willpower to quit smoking, smokers can easily stop smoking. Against this backdrop, this paper aims to discuss the addictive disease called tobacco use disorder, with an assessment of the addictiveness of tobacco and the reasons why smoking cessation is challenging, based on neuroscientific research. Nicotine that enters the body via smoking is rapidly transmitted to the central nervous system and causes various effects, including an arousal response. The changes in the nicotine receptors in the brain due to continuous smoking lead to addiction symptoms such as tolerance, craving, and withdrawal. Compared with other addictive substances, including alcohol and opioids, tobacco is more likely to cause dependence in smokers, and smokers are less likely to recover from their dependence. Moreover, the thinning of the cerebral cortex and the decrease in cognitive functions that occur with aging accelerate with smoking. Such changes occur in the structure and functions of the brain in proportion to the amount and period of smoking. In particular, abnormalities in the neural circuits that control cognition and decision-making cause loss of the ability to exert self-control and autonomy. This initiates nicotine dependence and the continuation of addictive behaviors. Therefore, smoking is considered to be a behavior that is repeated due to dependence on an addictive substance, nicotine, instead of one's choice by free will.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2002

Objectives:Abnormalities in the frontal lobe have been consistently suggested in the pathophysiology of depression. The purpose of this review is to discuss the relationship between the frontal lobe and depression. Methods:Recent researches on the frontal lobe in depression were reviewed and abnormalities in this region were considered within the context of modern functional neuroanatomy. Results:This paper reviewed evidence strongly implicating the frontal lobe as a key brain structure in depression. Conclusion:Taken together, these abnormalities in the function of the frontal lobe implicate interconnected neural circuits in depression and offer suggestions for the themes of future research and treatment. Further research is needed to investigate the association between emotion and the brain in the paradigm of "affective neuroscience".

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.134-139
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• 2016

Detailed structural and molecular imaging of intact organs has incurred academic interest because the associated technique is expected to provide innovative information for biological investigation and pathological diagnosis. The conventional methods for volume imaging include reconstruction of images obtained from serially sectioned tissues. This approach requires intense manual work which involves inevitable uncertainty and much time to assemble the whole image of a target organ. Recently, effective tissue clearing techniques including CLARITY and ACT-PRESTO have been reported that enables visualization of molecularly labeled structures within intact organs in three dimensions. The central principle of the methods is transformation of intact tissue into an optically transpicuous and macromolecule permeable state without loss of intrinsic structural integrity. The rapidly evolving protocols enable morphological analysis and molecular labeling of normal and pathological characteristics in large assembled biological systems with single-cell resolution. The deep tissue volume imaging will provide fundamental information about mutual interaction among adjacent structures such as connectivity of neural circuits; meso-connectome and clinically significant structural alterations according to pathologic mechanisms or treatment procedures.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.425-431
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• 2018

Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide is a widely distributed neurotransmitter expressed in the central nervous systems. Previously, several reports demonstrated that nucleus accumbal-injected CART peptide positively modulated behavioral sensitization induced by psychostimulants and regulated the mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic pathway. It is confirmed that CART peptide exerted inhibitory effect on psychostimulant-enhanced dopamine receptors signaling, $Ca^{2+}$/calmodulin-dependent kinase signaling and crucial transcription factors expression. Besides modulation of dopamine receptors-related pathways, CART peptide also exhibited elaborated interactions with other neurotransmitter receptors, such as glutamate receptors and ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid receptors, which further account for attribution of CART peptide to inhibition of psychostimulant-potentiated locomotor activity. Recently, CART peptide has been shown to have anxiolytic functions on the aversive mood and uncontrolled drug-seeking behaviors following drug withdrawal. Moreover, microinjection of CART peptide has been shown to have an antidepressant effect, which suggests its potential utility in the mood regulation and avoidance of depression-like behaviors. In this review, we discuss CART pathways in neural circuits and their interactions with neurotransmitters associated with psychostimulant-induced depression.

• BMB Reports
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.1-2
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• 2016

Of the numerous events that occur in daily life, we readily remember salient information, but do not retain most less-salient events for a prolonged period. Although some of the episodes contain putatively emotional aspects, the information with lower saliency is rarely stored in neural circuits via an unknown mechanism. We provided substantial evidence indicating that synaptic plasticity in the dorsal ITC of amygdala allows for selective storage of salient emotional experiences, while it deters less-salient experience from entering long-term memory. After activation of D4R or weak fear conditioning, STDP stimulation induces LTD in the LA-ITC synapses. This form of LTD is dependent upon presynaptic D4R, and is likely to result from enhancement of GABA release. Both optogenetic abrogation of LTD and ablation of D4R at the dorsal ITC in vivo lead to heightened and over-generalized fear responses. Finally, we demonstrated that LTD was impaired at the dorsal ITC of PTSD model mice, which suggests that maladaptation of GABAergic signaling and the resultant LTD impairment contribute to the endophenotypes of PTSD. [BMB Reports 2016; 49(1): 1-2]

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.295-301
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• 2014

SIFamide receptor (SIFR) is a Drosophila G protein-coupled receptor for the neuropeptide SIFamide (SIFa). Although the sequence and spatial expression of SIFa are evolutionarily conserved among insect species, the physiological function of SIFa/SIFR signaling remains elusive. Here, we provide genetic evidence that SIFa and SIFR promote sleep in Drosophila. Either genetic ablation of SIFa-expressing neurons in the pars intercerebralis (PI) or pan-neuronal depletion of SIFa expression shortened baseline sleep and reduced sleep-bout length, suggesting that it caused sleep fragmentation. Consistently, RNA interference-mediated knockdown of SIFR expression caused short sleep phenotypes as observed in SIFa-ablated or depleted flies. Using a panel of neuron-specific Gal4 drivers, we further mapped SIFR effects to subsets of PI neurons. Taken together, these results reveal a novel physiological role of the neuropeptide SIFa/SIFR pathway to regulate sleep through sleep-promoting neural circuits in the PI of adult fly brains.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.168-171
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• 2001

It has been said that variable anatomical structures and neural circuits are related to the generation of tremor. There are cerebral cortex, thalamus, basal ganglia, inferior olivary nucleus, midbrain tegmentum, stretch reflex, and musculoskeletal structures. The stretch reflex is related with the physiologic tremor and various peripherally originated tremors. We experienced a case with the post-stroke resting tremor which was induced and aggravated by mechanical stretching stimulation. In the present case, stretch reflex has a major role in the generation and exacerbation of tremor. It is presumed that the development of tremor is attributed to the increased rhythmicity of ventral intermedius nucleus of thalamus. The enhancement of thalamic rhythmicity may be due to the increasement of long latency reflex by post-stroke rigidity. This case suggests that stretch reflex may have a major role in the pathophysiologic mechanisms of a certain centrally originated tremor.