• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.30 no.10
• /
• pp.1051-1053
• /
• 1997

Malignant schwannoma is rare tumor which is derived from schwas cells or nerve sheath cells, and it is frequently associated with Von Rechlinghausen's disease. We experienced one case of malignant schwannoma on the right chest wall without Von Rechlinghausen's disease. Patient was 64-year-old man who presented painless palpable mass on the right lower -chest wall for about 2 months. On chest computed tomography, the mass which was 6$\times$6 cm in size and had central necrosis, involved 11th rib with destruction, invaded the diaphragm and displaced the kidney anteriorlly. He underwent on-bloc resection of the tumor and discharged without any problem after 20 days.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.54 no.1
• /
• pp.7-12
• /
• 2014

Peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs) are heterogeneous tumor groups of peripheral nerves that originate from either Schwann cells or modified Schwann cells, fibroblasts, or perineural cells. In this study, signalment and clinical data such as tumor location and size were evaluated for 15 cases of PNSTs collected from local animal hospitals. The mean age of dogs with malignant PNST was higher than that of dogs with benign PNST. Additionally, the male to female ratio in dogs with PNST was 1 : 4. In dogs with PNST, the primary sites of involvement were the hindlimb, forelimb, around the mammary glands, the neck, and the abdomen. Histiopathologic examination revealed that eight PNSTs were benign and seven were malignant. The tumor cells were composed of loosely to densely arranged interlacing bundles and wavy spindle cells arranged in short bundles, palisading, and whirling. High mitotic figures, local invasion, multifocal necrosis and atypical multinucleated giant cells were observed in malignant PNST cases. All PNSTs showed immunoreactivity for vimentin and S-100. However, only 93.3% and 73.3% were immunoreactive for NSE and GFAP, respectively. Overall, these results indicated that immunohistochemical markers such as vimentin, S-100 and NSE could help confirm the diagnosis of canine PNSTs.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• v.30 no.6
• /
• pp.465-473
• /
• 2004

Purpose : The essential triad for nerve regeneration is nerve conduit, supporting cell and neurotrophic factor. In order to improve the peripheral nerve regeneration, we used polyglycolic acid(PGA) tube and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) gene transfected Schwann cells in sciatic nerve defects of SD rat. Materials and methods : Nerve conduits were made with PGA sheet and outer surface was coated with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) for mechanical strength and control the resorption rate. The diameter of conduit was 1.8mm and the length was 17mm Schwann cells were harvested from dorsal root ganglion(DRG) of SD rat aged 1 day. Schwann cells were cultured on the PGA sheet to test the biocompatibility adhesion of Schwann cell. Human BDNF gene was obtained from cDNA library and amplified using PCR. BDNF gene was inserted into E1 deleted region of adenovirus shuttle vector, pAACCMVpARS. BDNF-adenovirus was multiplied in 293 cells and purified. The BDNF-Adenovirus was then infected to the cultured Schwann cells. Left sciatic nerve of SD rat (250g weighing) was exposed and 14mm defects were made. After bridging the defect with PGA conduit, culture medium(MEM), Schwann cells or BDNF-Adenovirus infected Schwann cells were injected into the lumen of conduit, respectively. 12 weeks after operation, gait analysis for sciatic function index, electrophysiology and histomorphometry was performed. Results : Cultured Schwann cells were well adhered to PGA sheet. Sciatic index of BDNF transfected group was $-53.66{\pm}13.43$ which was the best among three groups. The threshold of compound action potential was between 800 to $1000{\mu}A$ in experimental groups which is about 10 times higher than normal sciatic nerve. Conduction velocity and peak voltage of action potential of BDNF group was the highest among experimental groups. The myelin thickness and axonal density of BDNF group was significantly greater than the other groups. Conclusion : BDNF gene transfected Schwann cells could regenerate the sciatic nerve gap(14mm) of rat successfully.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.265-272
• /
• 2000

In this study, the brachial ganglion of Octopus minor was investigated with light microscope and electron microscope,andthefollowingresultswereobtained. The brachial ganglions of the octopus, round in shapes , are located under each of suckers. Their sizes are proportional to those of the suckers. A brachial ganglion of round shape consists of cortex and medulla. In cortex, nerve cells exist collectively while neuropiles in medulla. Three kinds of nerve cells (large, middle, and small neurons) are found in the cluster of nerve cells. The small one is a round cell of about $0.9{\mu}m$ in diameter while the middle and large ones are an elliptical cell of $1.6\times1.3{\mu}m$ and an ovoid cell of $2.8{\mu}m$ in diameter, respectively. All of those cells look light due to their low electron densities , in which cell organelle are not well developed. It was also observed that the middle neurons are surrounded by median electron-dense neuroglial cells of pyramidal shapes and about $0.6\times0.4{\mu}m$ in sizes. In the neuropiles of medulla, dendrites and axons of various sizes make a complex net. They contain four kinds of chemical synaptic vesicles-electron-dense synaptic vesicle of 100 nm in diameter, median electron-dense synaptic vesicle of 90 nm in diameter, electron-dense cored synaptic vesicle of 90 nm in diameter, and electron-lucent synaptic vesicle of 50 nm in diameter.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
• /
• 2002.10a
• /
• pp.328.3-329
• /
• 2002

A convenient bioassay of nerve growth factor(NGF) is essential for assessing its potency during the course of product development and quality controls afterwards. We have set up a cell-based bioassay for determining the potency of recombinant NGF using rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. Cell survival was measured by monitoring the reduction of the alamarBlue$^{TM}$ dye by living cells. (omitted)d)

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.49 no.3
• /
• pp.423-426
• /
• 2022

Reconstruction of the upper lateral lip subunit is challenging, and use of several classical local flaps have been previously reported. However, these methods have drawbacks such as visible scarring, anatomic distortion, and functional disability. To obtain satisfactory results, preservation of perioral function is important. We report a case of functional upper lip reconstruction after tumor resection using a reverse facial-submental artery island flap with a reinnervated anterior belly of the digastric muscle (ABDM) without sacrificing the perioral structure. A 73-year-old man presented with basal cell carcinoma on the left upper lip which was widely excised, including the orbicularis oris muscle. The remaining 4 cm × 3.5 cm defect was reconstructed using a reverse facial-submental artery island flap with ipsilateral ABDM. The motor nerve of the ABDM was sutured with the stump of the buccal branch of the ipsilateral facial nerve. The postoperative course was uneventful, and good functional and esthetic recovery were observed at 12-month follow-up. This procedure may be an alternative option for reconstruction of lateral upper lip defects.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• v.35 no.6
• /
• pp.494-498
• /
• 2009

Schwannomas are tumors which originate from the neuroectodermal Schwann cell of cranial, intraspinal, peripheral and autonomic nerve sheaths, and they are solitary, benign, slow growing and well encapsulated neoplasm. Schwannomas are usually asymptomatic. No strong gender or age predominance exists. The incidence of extracranial schwannomas in the head and the neck region varies from 25~45%. In addition, schwannomas are rare in the maxillary sinus or buccal space. In this paper, it diagnosed and treated a 54-years old female patient, who had schwannoma in the maxillary sinus derived from infraorbital nerves, the branch of the left trigeminal nerve, and a 19-years old male patient, who had schwannoma arose in the buccal space derived from the buccal branch of the right facial nerve. There was no particular complication except sensory extinction of the nerve in the female patient and paralysis by the nerve in the male patient. It is determined those two cases of schwannoma in the rare portion is valuable and herein, it reports those with literature discussions.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.101-107
• /
• 2000

Objectives : The evaluation of peripheral nerve injuries has traditionally relied on a clinical history, physical examination, and electrodiagnostic studies. The purpose of the present study was to examine serial magnetic resonance image(MRI) changes following acute muscle denervation under experimental conditions and to identify potential advantages and disadvantages of this use of MRI. Methods : An experimental transection of right sciatic nerve on Spargue-Dawley rats was performed. MRI was performed with T1-weighted spin-echo and STIR sequences. The imaging findings were compared with EMG in order to determine its sensitivity relative to this standard procedure. A simultaneous histopathological study provided information about the morphological basis of the imaging findings. Signal intensities were expressed as a ratio of abnormal to normal. Results : The signal intensity ratio of muscles with the STIR sequence was increased significantly at 2 weeks after sciatic nerve transection(p<0.05), although definite signal change was seen as early as 4 days postdenervation in one. EMG revealed significant denervation potential from 3 days after nerve transection. Diffuse cell atrophy was revealed hostologically at 2 weeks after transection, which was at the same time of significant signal change in MRI. Conclusion : MRI signal changes in denervated muscles secondary to nerve injury correlate with the degree of muscle atrophy on histologic examination. In addition to EMG, MRI can document the course of muscle atrophy and mesenchymal abnormalities in denervation. These results indicate that MRI can play a complementary role in the evaluation of patients with denervation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.126-132
• /
• 2001

Background and Objectives : Signal traduction through phospholipase C(PLC) participate in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation. Growth factors bind to their receptors and thereby induce tyrosine phophorylation of the phospholipase C-${\gamma}$1(PLC-${\gamma}$1). PLC-${\gamma}$1 is a substrate for several receptor tyrosine kinases and its catalytic activity is increased by tyrosine phosphorylation. Tyrosine kinase phosphorylation of PLC-${\gamma}$1 stimulates PLC activation and cell proliferation. However the signal transduction pathway and the significance of PLC in injured recurrent laryngeal nerve regeneration is unknown. Therefore after we obtained fuctionally recovered rats using PEMF in this study, we attempt to provide some evidence that PLC plays a role in nerve regeneration itself and regeneration related to PEMF through the analysis of the difference between fucntional recovery group and non-recovery group in the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Materials and Method : Using 32 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, transections and primary anastomosis were performed on their left recurrent laryngeal nerves. Rats were then randomly assigned to 2 groups. The experimental group(n=16) received PEMS by placing them in custom cages equipped with Helm-holz coils(3hr/day, 5days/wk, for 12wk). The control group(n=16) were handled the same way as the experimental group, except that they did not receive PEMS. Laryngo-videoendoscopy was performed before and after surgery and followed up weekly. Laryngeal EMG was obtained in both PCA and TA muscles. Immunohistochemisty staining and Western blotting analysis using monoclonal antibody was performed to detect PLC-${\gamma}$1 in recurrent laryngeal nerve and nodose ganglion. Results : 10 rats(71%) in experimental group and 4 rats(38%) in the control group showed recovery of vocal fold motion. Functionally-recoverd rats show PLC-${\gamma}$1 positive cells in neuron and ganglion cells after 12 weeks from nerve injury. Conclusion : This study shows that PLC1-${\gamma}$ involved in singnal trasduction pathway in functinal recovery of injured recurrent laryngeal nerve and PEMF enhance the functional recovery by effect on this molecule.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.35-48
• /
• 1988

To investigate the connections between the major limbic structures and the nucleus accumbens septi or the nucleus fundus striati, stereotaxic surgeries were performed. One group of the rats were electrically lesioned in the mamillary body, and the other group were extirpated their hippocampal formation. Careful study of both nuclei following each surgery showed the following results. 1. Nerve terminals of mamillo-accumbens tract were synapsed to the dendrite of nucleus accumbens cell, whereas the neuronal type of accumbens-mamillary tract was aspiny cell. 2. Nerve terminals of mamillo-fundus tract were synapsed to the spines of fundus striati cells. Fundus-mamillary tract cells were not confirmed. 3. Nerve terminals of hippocampo-accumbens terminals were synapsed to the dendrites and spines of nucleus accumbens cells, whereas the neuronal type of accumbens-hippocampal tract was spiny one. 4. Nerve terminals of hippocampo-fundus tract were synapsed to the spines of fundus striati cells, whereas the neuronal types of fundus-hippocampal tract was aspiny one. 5. From the results, it was concluded that both of the nucleus accumbens septi and the fundus striati have connections with the mamillary body and the hippocampus. But nucleus accumbens septi has apparently more intimate relationship with major limbic structures.