• 대한간호학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.534-540
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• 2004

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to describe the relationship between depression and resilience and to identify variables associated with depression among children with nephrotic syndrome. Method: Data was collected from 45 children who were registered at one hospital in Seoul. The criteria for sample selection were 10 to 15 year-old children who were diagnosed at least 6 month prior. The instruments included a self-reported questionnaire on resilience by Kim, CDI by Beck, and MBRI by Kwak. Descriptive, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analyses were done. Result: The mean score of depression was 11.44 (range:0-54) and resilience was 97.47 (range:32-128). There were significant positive relationships between depression and age (r=0.302, p<.005) and academic achievement (r=-0.318, p<.005). In addition, negative relationships between depression and maternal attitude (r=-0.412, p<.001) and resilience (r=-0.649, p<.001) occurred. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that maternal behavior (${\beta}$=-0.421, p<.005) and resilience (${\beta}$=-0.639, p<.001) were related to depression. Conclusion: Children with higher resilience and with an affectionate mother were less depressed. Thus, it is important to identify strengths of children and help them to increase resilience and implement parenting and counseling programs for parents' of these children. Similar studies with children with other chronic illnesses are needed.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.130-134
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• 2014

Objectives: The goal of this study was to estimate the overall satisfaction level of dental implant patients and further evaluate factors influencing satisfaction. Materials and Methods: Self-administered questionnaires were mailed to patients who received dental implant therapy at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (Seongnam, Korea) from October 2003 to April 2005. The main portion of the questionnaire was shared to evaluate the level of satisfaction with implant therapy. The questionnaires contained evaluations of influencing factors, which were classified as pain-related, service-related, and complication-related. Results: The responses from 93 patients (41 males, 52 females) with a total of 325 implants were included in the analysis, and the mean score for overall satisfaction level with implant therapy was 8.26. Female patients showed higher visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for both pain during (P=0.000) and after implant surgery (P=0.016). Male patients showed more 'negative' values for the reasonability of treatment cost (P=0.008) and the adequacy of the treatment period (P=0.022). Conclusion: The subjective satisfaction of patients was influenced by various factors, especially complication-related factors.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.531-541
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was done to examine the relationship among knowledge, health belief, and preventitive behavioral intention related to venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with lower-limb musculoskeletal disorders. Methods: This transversal descriptive study looked at 145 adult patients with lower-limb musculoskeletal disorders, who were hospitalized in C hospital in G city. Data were collected from September 29 to October 6, 2012. Knowledge, health belief and preventitive behavioral intention were measured by structured questionnaires. Date were analyzed by descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, independent t-test, and Pearson correlation, using the SPSS program. Results: The mean score of knowledge related to VTE was low. The mean scores of health belief and preventitive behavioral intention related to VTE were moderate or higher than average. Preventitive behavioral intention positively correlated with knowledge, perceived benefit, and health motivation. Whereas, there was a negative correlation between preventitive behavioral intention and perceived barriers. Conclusion: These results suggest that developing a health care program which is able to enhance knowledge, perceived benefit, and health motivation related to VTE and reduce perceived barriers, is essential in order to promote preventitive behaviors.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.209-219
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the gender differences in the cognitive function and nutritional status among elderly people living in the community. Methods: This study used data from the 2014 National Survey on the Elderly and focused on 10,054 respondents who answered that they did not have dementia. The Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination for Dementia Screening and the Nutrition Screening Initiative were used. IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0 was used to conduct statistical analyses. Results: The cognitive function score was 25.30 for men, which was higher than for women. The percentage of subjects who showed cognitive decline was 25.5% for males and 50.2% for females, which was statistically significant (p<.001). There were statistically significant differences in the nutritional status between males and females (p<.001). There was a statistically significant negative correlation between the cognitive function and nutritional status in both men and women (p<.001, p<.001). Conclusion: These results showed that the intervention to maintain cognitive functioning should be provided to elderly women with a low education level or high number of chronic diseases and medication, and an intervention to prevent the cognitive decline of the elderly should include nutritional management for health and function maintenance.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.343-351
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• 2006

This study was conducted to investigate food habits and eating behavior of preschool children. Food habit, eating behavior and health status were investigated by using a questionnaire answered by the mothers of 312 children aged 6 to 7 years old who lived in Uiwang. The average height, weight, Kaup index were 115.08cm, 21.41 kg, 16.13, respectively, for boys 111.37 cm, 19.93 kg, 15.72 for girls. Results showed that 72.16% of subjects skipped the breakfast meal. One of the main reason fur skipping breakfast was 'no appetite'(53.14%). It was found that 49.67% of the subjects belonged to 'good' in health status. The eating behavior of 'watching TV or playing a toy during meal' and 'can eat the rice by oneself were significantly higher score in girls than in boys(p<0.05). Food attention of the parents for the health of children was the highest in 'keep regular meals a day'(92.65%). Health status showed significantly negative correlations with kaup index and eating behavio(p<0.001). Kaup index(p<0.05) and health attention(p<0.001) were positively related with eating behavior. Based on this study, nutritional education program for preschool children would be required for the dietetics teacher to guide the children and more attention should be paid to the nutritional education of food habits in this age group and their mothers.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.377-385
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• 2006

Purpose: This study were to examine the relationship among chronic pain, pain beliefs, pain coping, and fatigue and to define the main factors influencing chronic pain in the elderly. Method: Data were collected by self-reported questionnaires from 276 Korean elderly. Data analysis was done with SPSS 10.1 for descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, and Stepwise multiple regression. Results: Chronic pain score was 5.45, which was slightly higher than the average. There were significant differences in chronic pain according to age, marital state, economic state, and duration of pain. There was a significant positive correlation between chronic pain and pain beliefs, passive pain coping, physical fatigue and mental fatigue. In addition, there was a significant negative correlation between chronic pain and active pain coping. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that 44% of the variance in chronic pain was significantly accounted for by passive pain coping(31%), pain beliefs(8%), physical fatigue(4%), and active pain coping(1%). Conclusion: These results suggested that pain beliefs, pain coping, and fatigue can be influencing factors on chronic pain for the elderly. Also, the findings can provide a basis for nursing intervention development to effectively manage chronic pain for the elderly.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2017

Purpose: To determine the effects of neck and back touch on Ultrasonic Vocalization (UV) and the Rat Grimace Scale (RGS) in rats touched by the human hand as an intervention for reducing pain and anxiety associated with intramuscular injections. Methods: This study was a randomized, controlled, pre-test/post-test design study. Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to either the experimental or control groups (n= 10 rats/group). The experimental group was touched in a manner similar to massaging the rat's neck and back twice a day for one week. The two groups received two intramuscular injections. The 22kHz and 50kHz UV and the RGS scores were measured before and after each intramuscular injection. Results: The 22kHz UV and RGS score were significantly higher in the control group than in the experimental group when the first intramuscular injection was administered; whereas, no difference between the experimental and the control groups were observed when the second intramuscular injection was administered. There was no statistical difference in the 50kHz UV between the two groups when the first and second injections were administered. Conclusion: This study found that touching was an effective intervention method to reduce negative emotions and pain in rats receiving their first intramuscular injection.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.1677-1679
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• 2002

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the tenderness of meat and it''s correlation with other carcass traits of Hanwoo steers. The significantly (p<0.01) higher mastication and shearing were observed in boiled meat than in the raw meat but the coefficient of variations were greater in raw meat than in boiled meat. The correlation between raw and boiled meat for shearing and penetration were positive and significant (p<0.01). Negative and significant correlations were observed between mastication and eye muscle area (p<0.05) and also between shearing and cooking loss (p<0.01) in raw meat whereas, penetration in raw meat was positively and significantly (p<0.05) correlated with age of the steers. Shearing in boiled meat negatively and significantly correlated with age (p<0.05), carcass weight (p<0.01), back fat thickness (p<0.01) as well as muscle score (p<0.01). The pH was not significantly correlated with tenderness in both raw and boiled meat. There were possibilities that the tenderness of boiled meat could be predicted from the raw meat.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.81-87
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• 1988

This study attempted to investigate the relationships between vegetable preference and physical status. The subjects were 127 kindergarten children living Kwang-ju. In this study, vegetable preference and health status of the children were investigated by response of thier mothers through questionnaires. Also, rate of dental caries and anthropometric measures were obtained by examination. The results are summarized as follows; 1) Anthropometric mesures of the subjects were higher than those of Korean standards for children. 2) The mean hedonic score for vegetable preference in subjects was 2.6. The difference in vegetable preference between male and femal was not significant except for a squash item. 3) Vegetable prefernce has a significant correlation with the def. tooth rate. Especially preference of spinach, wild sesame leaf, and cucumber were negatively related to the def. tooth rate. 4) Vegetable preference and anthropometric measures did not show any significant correlation. 5) Children who ate sweets for snacks frequently disliked vegetable and showed high rate of dental caries significantly(p<0.001). Children who had anorexia and constipation disliked vegetables significantly (p<0.01). Children who complained diarrhea symptom showed significant high rte of dental caries(p<0.01). From the results above, as the negative relationship between vegetable preference and def. tooth rate was found, many cooking methods of vegetables should be studied and nutrition education should be oriented to recommend an increased intake of vegetables by children.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.275-280
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of cigarette smoking on physical fitness (dominant hand grip power, dominant isokinetic leg muscle strength, abdominal muscle endurance, flexibility, cardiopulmonary endurance) and depression in patients with chronic low back pain. Methods: This study was a cross sectional study and subjects consisted of 60 young males with chronic low back pain. The subjects were allocated to two groups following a self-report survey: cigarette smoking group (n=25) or non-smoking group (n=35). Physical fitness (dominant hand grip power, dominant isokinetic leg muscle strength, abdominal muscle endurance, flexibility, cardiopulmonary endurance) were measured using objective methods and depression in patients with chronic low back pain was measured using the Korean version of center for epidemiologic studies depression (CES-D) scale. Results: The results of this study were as follows: In physical fitness, the cigarette smoking group showed a significant decrease in abdominal muscle endurance, flexibility, and cardiopulmonary endurance compared with the non-smoking group. Depression index (CES-D scale score) was significantly higher in the cigarette smoking group than in the non-smoking group. Conclusion: These results suggest that cigarette smoking had a negative effect on abdominal muscle endurance, flexibility, and cardiopulmonary endurance in patients with chronic low back pain. In addition, depression of patients with chronic low back pain was affected by cigarette smoking. Thus, we suggested that cigarette smoking may play a significant role in the deterioration of physical fitness and depression of chronic low back pain patients.