• 제목/요약/키워드: neem

검색결과 93건 처리시간 0.033초

식물추출 유기농업자재 3종(님, 고삼, 데리스 추출물)의 꿀벌에 대한 독성평가 (Evaluation of Honeybee Acute Toxicity of Plant Extracts, Neem, Sophora and Derris)

  • 오진아;최진희;최미선;김진효;백민경;박경훈;홍순성;이제봉;김두호
    • 농약과학회지
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    • 제17권4호
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    • pp.473-477
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    • 2013
  • 본 연구는 병해충 관리용 유기농업자재 허용물질로 지정된 식물추출물 중 님 추출물과 고삼추출물, 데리스 추출물 원제의 독성 평가를 위해 꿀벌에 대한 급성 접촉 및 섭식독성시험을 수행하였다. 급성접촉독성시험결과 님 추출물 2종과 데리스 추출물 2종은 $LD_{50}$이 100 ${\mu}g/bee$ 이상으로 독성이 매우 낮았고 고삼 추출물은 2종 모두 $LD_{50}$(48h)이 1.7 ${\mu}g/bee$로 매우 강한 독성을 보였다. 급성섭식독성시험결과 님 추출물 2종과 데리스 추출물 2종은 $LD_{50}$이 100 ${\mu}g/bee$ 이상으로 독성이 매우 낮았고 고삼 추출물A는 $LD_{50}$(48h)이 1.7 ${\mu}g/bee$, 고삼 추출물B는 $LD_{50}$(48h)이 0.3 ${\mu}g/bee$으로 모두 매우 강한 독성이 있는 것으로 평가되었다.

유기농자재와 Bacillus thuringiensis의 혼합처리에 의한 파밤나방의 방제효과 (Combination effects of Organic Materials and Bacillus thuringiensis on Spodoptera exigua)

  • 한지희;윤지혜;손수진;김정준;이상엽
    • 농약과학회지
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    • 제19권4호
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    • pp.411-417
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    • 2015
  • 본 연구는 난방제 해충인 파밤나방을 방제하기 위하여 살충효과가 잘 알려진 유기농자재 5종(님, 고삼, 제충국제, 데리스, 담배잎 추출물)과 이 식물추출물 +Bacillus thuringiensis 혼합 처리에 의한 살충효과를 조사하기 위해 수행되었다. 0.025% Matrine 또는 0.016% Matrine + BT ($5{\times}10^4$, $10^5cfu$) 혼합처리구의 살충율은 98.7, 93.3, 97.3%로 방제효과가 가장 높게 나타났으며, 가장 낮은 처리농도인 0.01% Matrine + BT ($5{\times}10^4cfu$) 혼합처리에서도 69.3%의 살충효과를 보였다. 또한 0.1% Neem + BT ($5{\times}10^6cfu$) 혼합처리에 의한 파밤나방 유충의 살충율은 50.0%이었으며 혼합처리에 의한 유충의 체중감소 효과도 우수하였다. 따라서 파밤나방의 밀도를 줄여주며 BT와 유기농자재에 대한 저항성 발달의 가능성을 낮추어 지속적인 방제를 위해 0.016% Matrine + BT ($5{\times}10^4cfu$) 로 혼합처리 할 경우 파밤나방을 효과적으로 방제할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Effect of Replacement of Groundnut Cake with Urea-treated Neem (Azadirachta indica A. juss) Seed Kernel Cake on Nutrient Utilisation in Lambs

  • Musalia, L.M.;Anandan, S.;Sastry, V.R.B.;Katiyar, R.C.;Agrawal, D.K.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제15권9호
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    • pp.1273-1277
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    • 2002
  • The effect of urea treatment on chemical composition of neem seed kernel cake (NSKC) was investigated by soaking the cake in 2.1% urea solution (1.2 l $kg^{-1}$ NSKC) for five days. The effect on utilisation of nutrients by replacing groundnut cake (GNC) (30%) with urea-treated neem seed kernel cake (UTNSKC) (33%) in a concentrate mixture fed to meet 70% of the protein requirements of lambs (8 males and 8 females), was monitored in a digestibility study. Following urea treatment of NSKC only 9.5% of urea was hydrolysed and the crude protein content of the cake was increased by 6.65%. The tannin content in depulped neem seeds was 37% catechin equivalent. Whereas feeding UTNSKC had no effect on intake of dry matter (72.5 vs 66.3 g/kg $BW^{0.75}day^{-1}$) and digestibility of crude fibre (41.3 vs 43.4%), the cake depressed (p<0.01) the percent digestibility of dry matter (63.7 vs 70.2), crude protein (63.2 vs 70.2), nitrogen free extract (73.8 vs 80.5) and gross energy (64.3 vs 69.1). Digestibility of ether extract (75.8 vs 70.9%) was higher (p<0.05) in animals offered UTNSKC. The nutritive value of the composite ration consumed by lambs offered UTNSKC was lower (p<0.01) in terms of total digestible nutrients (64.7 vs 70.2%) and digestible energy (2.8 vs 3.0 Kcal/g DM). Intake of digestible energy (199.8 vs 194.1 Kcal/kg $BW^{0.75}day^{-1}$) and retention of nitrogen (7.53 vs 8.23 g $day^{-1}$) and calcium (2.12 vs 1.84 g $day^{-1}$) were comparable on the 2 rations. Animals fed UTNSKC retained less (p<0.01) phosphorus (0.37 vs 1.05 g $day^{-1}$). The results indicate that urea treatment increased the protein level of NSKC whereas feeding the treated cake as a replacement of GNC, lowered the digestibility of nutrients and retention of phosphorus.

Microwave Absorption Study of Carbon Nano Materials Synthesized from Natural Oils

  • Kshirsagar, Dattatray E.;Puri, Vijaya;Sharon, Maheshwar;Sharon, Madhuri
    • Carbon letters
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    • 제7권4호
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    • pp.245-248
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    • 2006
  • Thin films of carbon-nano materials (CNMs) of different morphology have been successfully deposited on ceramic substrate by CVD at temperatures $800^{\circ}C$, $850^{\circ}C$ and $900^{\circ}C$ using plant based oils in the presence of transition metal catalysts (Ni, Co and Ni/Co alloys). Based on the return and insertion loss, microwave absorption properties of thin film of nanocarbon material are measured using passive micro-Strip line components. The result indicates that amongst CNMs synthesized from oil of natural precursors (mustered oil - Brassica napus, Karanja oil - Pongamia glabra, Cotton oil - Gossipium hirsuta and Neem oil - Azadirachta indica) carbon nano fibers obtained from neem's seed oil showed better microwave absorption (~20dB) in the range of 8.0 GHz to 17.90 GHz.

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