• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.107.2-108
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• 2003

Viral disease symptoms were investigated in the field grown Longiflorum hybrid cultivars, and the damages caused by infection with Lily mottle virus (LMoV) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) were assessed by comparing growth of plants produced from seeds of Longiflorum hybrid cultivar both infected by artificial inoculation and free from infection with theses viruses. Dominant symptom caused by spotaneous infection with LMoV and CMV in the field was mottle combined with chlorotic stripe on leaves. LMoV developed brownish necrotic lesion on floral leaves. The incidence of viral disease by mixed infection with LMoV, CMV or Lily symptomless virus (LSV) in the filed grown Longiflorum hybrid cultivar, cultivated for more than 6 years, was 80 to 84 percent. In comparison with virus-free plants, plants doubly infected with CMV and LMoV by artificial inoculation decreased stem length by 14 percent and fresh weight by 38 percent. In conclusion, flower quality and the stem length of Longiflorum hybrid cultivar were affected by LMoV and CMV infection.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.143.3-144
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• 2003

A Korean isolate of Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV-Kr) was isolated from a diseased pepper crop in Chunchon, Korea. The isolate was biologically purified on Nicoticaa tabacum cv. Xanthi-nc by successive single local transfer steps, and propagated on N. tabacum cv. Samsun. PMMoV-Kr could systemically infect on N. glauca, N. benthmiana, N. occidentalis and Lycopersicon esculentum, which is typical of known isolates of PMMoV. PMMoV-Kr belongs to the pathotype P1,2 based on pepper-tobamoviral indicator experiments; Capsicn chinone harboring L3 gene revealed resistant (necrotic local lesion on inoculated leaf, HR) whereas L+, L1 and L2 pepper plants expressed susceptible reactions of mosaic systemic symptoms for the isolate. To confirm the pathology and delineate symptom determinant of the isolate, full-length cDNAs of PMMoV-Kr were amplified by RT-PCR with a primer set corresponding to the 5'- and 3'-ends of PMMoV. The RT-PCR molecules amplified from genome RNA of the isolate was cloned into the pUC18 vector. Full-length cDNA clones constructed under the control of the T7 RNA promoter could be successfully transcribed to produce in vitro transcript RNA. Infectivity of the capped transcripts and its progeny virus was verified by Western blot and RT-PCR analyses.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.68-68
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• 2022

The pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), belonging to the tobamovirus genus, is currently one of the most destructive pathogens in pepper production. Tobamoviruses have been classified in terms of increased pathogenicity as pathotypes P₀, P₁, P_1,2, P_1,2,3 and P_1,2,3,4, based on their ability to infect systemically Capsicum L⁰ , L¹ , L² , L³ and L⁴ resistant plants, respectively. Two hundred eighty pepper germplasms and 5 reference accessions known as resistant L alleles, were analyzed to select the resistance cultivars against PMMoV- P_1,2,3 (CV130614-2) using bioassay and genetic markers. The susceptible accessions showed systemic symptom when inoculated with PMMoV- P_1,2,3. However, accessions including IT223737, were resistant as they developed necrotic local lesions only on inoculated leaves, whereas no symptoms were observed on the upper leaves. Moreover, RT-PCR results for detecting the presence of virus were also negative. Thus, those accessions will be used as a novel source to facilitate introduction the resistant gene into commercial cultivars of pepper.

• 식물병연구
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.82-87
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• 2024

Leatherleaf fern (Rumohra adiantiformis) is an important ornamental plant in Indonesia and global. Green fern leaves with bold dark green color with long shelf-life, attract florists as decoration. Indonesia is one important leatherleaf fern exporters, however currently an outbreak of leaf blight decreased production significantly. Initial symptom was reddish brown spots from edge of leaf, which was gradually followed by dark-brown necrotic lesions causing leaf blight and dried. This is a study to do Koch-Postulate approach and molecular identification, to identify the pathogen of the "new emerging disease" reported. Based on multigene analysis using primers from ITS, β-tub and tef1-α gene markers, the pathogen was identified as Neopestalotiopsis sp. All sequences have been deposited in GenBank with accession number of OR905551 (ITS), OR899817 (ßtubulin) and OR899816 (TEF). This Neopestalotiopsis leaf blight causes an emerging concern in leatherleaf fern in Indonesia and global biosecurity because it infected an export commodity.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.269-279
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• 2000

Alfalfa mosaic alfamoviruses(AIMV) were isolated from infected potato (Solanum tuberosum) and azuki bean (Paseolus angularis) in Korea. Two AIMV isolated from potatoes were named as strain KR (AIMV-KR1 and KR2) and AIMV isolated from azuki bean was named as strain Az (AIMV-Az). Each isolated AIMV strain was characterized by using their host ranges, symptom developments, serological relations and nucleotide sequence analysis of coat protein (CP) gene. Strains KR1, KR2, and Az were readily transmitted to 20 of 22 inoculated plant species including bean, cowpea, tomato, tobacco, and potato. AIMV-KR1 and KR2 produced the typical symptoms like chlorotic or necrotic spots in Chenopodium quinoa and Solanum tuberosum cv. Superior. AIMV-Az caused bright yellow mosaic symptom and leaf malformation in Nicotiana glauca, which were different from the common mosaic symptom caused by AIMV-KR1 and KR2. Electron microscope observation of purified virus showed bacilliform virions containing a single-stranded plus-strand RNAs of 3.6, 2.6, 2.0 and 0.9 kbp in length, respectively, similar in size and appearance to those of Alfamovirus. In SDS-PAGE, the coat protein of the two viruses formed a consistent band that estimated to be about 24kDa. The CP genes of the AIMV strains, KR1, KR2, and Az have been amplified by RT-PCR using the specific primers designed to amplify CP gene from viral RNA-3, cloned and sequenced. Computer aided analysis of the amplified cDNA fragment sequence revealed the presence of a single open reading frame capable of encoding 221 amino acids. The nucleotide and peptide sequence of viral CP gene showed that strain KR1, KR2, and Az shared highest nucleotide sequence identities with AIMV strain 425-M at 97.7%, 98.2%, and 97.2%, respectively. CP gene sequences of two strains were almost identical compared with each other. Altogether, physical, serological, biological and molecular properties of the purified virus.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.223-235
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• 1987

황색 모자이크 괴저조반, 위축, 기형, colour breaking의 병미을 나타내고 있는 나리류를 한국의 남부지역에서 채집하였다. 전자현미경에 의해 2종의 바이러스 입자가 분리되어, 이들의 기주범위, 혈청반응, 조즙액중의 부활화 한계, 진딧물의 전반성, 감염엽세포에 있어서 바이러스 입자의 소재양식에 의하여 2종의 바이러스를 동정하였다. Broad bean wilt virus(BBWV) : 이 바이러스는 즙액접종에 의해 8과 23종의 검정식물에 감염이 확인되었다. 복숭아혹진딧물에 의해 쉽게 전반되었다. 내열성은 $70\%$, 내희석성은 1,000배, 내보존성은 6일이였다. 바이러스 입자의 형태는 직경 약 28nm의 소구형이다. 혈청시험에서 본 바이러스는 BBWV의 항혈청과 특이적인 반응대를 형성했다. 병엽절편의 전자현미경적관찰에서는 엽육세포의 세포질, 액포, 핵내에서 바이러스 입자의 응집괴 및 결정배열상이 확인되엇고, 특히 세포질내에서는 vesicular body의 발달이 확인되었다. Cncumber mosaic virus(CMV) : 이 바이러스 입자의 형태는 직경 약30nm의 소구형이다. 본 바이러스 CMV-Y의 항혈청과 특이적인 반응대를 형성했다. 감염엽조직의 전자현미경적관찰에서는 엽육세포의 세포질 및 액포내에서 바이러스 입자의 응집괴 도는 결정배열상이 확인되었다. BBWV와 CMV를 건전한 나리류(Lilium tigrium, L. concolor, L. auratum)에 재접종한 결과 BBWV의 접종주에서는 가벼운 병징 또는 colour breaking를 나타내었고, CMV의 접종수에서는 황색 모자이크 또는 괴저조반을 나타냈다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.90-94
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• 2013

하령 감자는 전분함량이 높고, 역병에 저항성이며 맛이 좋은 품종으로 2005년도에 신품종으로 등록되었다. 2010년 저장 중인 하령 씨감자에서 심한 표피의 괴저와 표면이 융기되고 원형의 괴저 병반이 생기는 괴경 괴저 증상이 발생하였다. 괴경 괴저 증상의 감자를 PVY 진단용 프라이머를 이용한 RT-PCR 분석 결과 모두 PVY가 검출되었다. 괴저증상 감자에서 검출된 $PVY^{Hkr}$ 외피단백질의 유전자 염기서열을 분석하였고 $PVY^{Kor}$, $PVY^N$, $PVY^{NTN}$, $PVY^O$, $PVY^C$ 계통과 상동성을 비교한 결과 $PVY^{Hkr}$은 2005년에 보고된 $PVY^{Kor}$와 2개의 염기를 제외하고 정확히 일치하였다. PVY 감염이 저장 중인 하령 품종에서 같은 병징을 일으키는지 확인하기 위해 5품종의 감자(하령, 수미, 대서, 대지, 추백)와 2종의 바이러스(PVY, PLRV)를 이용하여 생물검정을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 괴경 괴저 증상은 PVY에 감염된 저장 중인 하령 품종에서만 나타났다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2003

Turnip mosaic Potyvirus (TuMV) and Ribgrass mosaic Tobamovirus (RMV) are major viruses infecting crucifer crops in Korea. RMV-FG22 was isolated from oriental cabbage. TuMV isolates were TuMV-CA7 from oriental cabbage, TuMV-TU and TuMV-TU2 from turnip, TuMV-RA from rape, TuMV-ST from stock, and TuMV-R9 from radish. The six isolates of TuMV were classified by symptom expression in inbred lines of crucifers. TuMV-CA7 and TuMV-TU isolates infected mostly oriental cabbages; TuMV-ST, TuMV-TU2, and TuMV-R9 infected radishes; and TuMV-RA infected both oriental cabbages and radishes. Crops used in six combinations of mixed infections were 'Tambok' cultivar resistant to TuMV,'SSD63' susceptible inbred line of oriental cabbage, pure line of leaf mustard, and‘Daeburyungyeorum’cultivar of radish. External symptoms in 'Tambok' and radish by each of the six single infections of TuMV showed similar results by bioassay. Synergistic response of necrotic death occurred within 1 week after inoculation in all combinations mixed with TuMV and RMV-FG22 on leaf mustard. In oriental cabbage 'SSD63' , synergism of necrosis occurred in four TuMV isolates, but not in TuMV-ST and TuMV-R9. In oriental cabbage 'Tambok' , synergism was expressed only in two combinations of RMV-FG22+TuMV-CA7 and RMV-FG22+TuV-TU, but other combinations had the same symptoms produced by RM-FG22. In radish‘Daeburyungyeorum’, only mild mosaic symptoms were induced by combinations of RMV-FG22+TuMV-CA7, RMV-FG22+TuMV-TU, RMV-FG22+TuMV-RA, and RMV-FG22+TuMV-R9. Mosaic and severe mosaic were induced in combinations of RMV-FG22 +TuMV-TU2 and RMV-FG22+TuMV-ST, respectively.

• 식물병연구
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.122-125
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• 2007

2006년 부산광역시 강서구 칼란코에 재배포장에서 잎에 점무늬병이 심하게 발생하였다. 이병 식물체를 채집하여 병징을 관찰하고 병원균 분리한 다음 균학적 특성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 병징은 잎의 앞뒤에 갈색 또는 암갈색의 작은 점무늬가 나타나는데, 아래 잎에서부터 병반이 생기고 크기는 $1{\sim}5\;mm$로 약간 괴사되면서 심할 경우 낙엽되었다. 균총은 벨벳트색, 회색 또는 회갈색이며 균사 생육적온은 $25^{\circ}C$와 $30^{\circ}C$이었다. 분생포자는 단생, 갈색이며 실린더, 곤봉형 또는 장타원형으로 횡격막이 $1{\sim}4$개 있으며 크기는 $24{\sim}65\;{\times}\;12{\sim}23\;{\mu}m$이었다. 분생포자경은 갈색, 격막은 $1{\sim}7$개가 있으며, 크기는 $32{\sim}135\;{\times}\;4{\sim}8\;{\mu}m$이었다. 이상과 같은 특징을 가진 병원균이 Stemphylium lycopersici임을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 칼란코에 잎에 발생한 점무늬 증상을 S. lycopersici (Enjoji) Yamamoto에 의한 칼란코에 점무늬병이라고 명명할 것을 제안한다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.355-366
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• 2014

In this study, resistance responses were investigated during the interaction of Botrytis fabae with two faba bean cultivars expressing different levels of resistance against this pathogen, Nubaria (resistant) and Giza 40 (susceptible). Disease severity was assessed on leaves using a rating scale from 1 to 9. Accumulation levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase) were measured in leaf tissues at different times of infection. The expression profiles of two pathogenesis-related proteins (PRPs) encoded by the genes PR-1 and ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase were also investigated using reverse transcription RT-PCR analysis. The accumulation of these defense responses was induced significantly in both cultivars upon infection with B. fabae compared with un-inoculated controls. The resistant cultivar showed weaker necrotic symptom expression, less ROS accumulation, a lower rate of lipid peroxidation and higher activity of the enzymatic ROS scavenging system compared with susceptible cultivar. Interestingly, ROS accumulated rapidly in the resistant leaf tissues and peaked during the early stages of infection, whereas accumulation was stronger and more intense in the susceptible tissues in later stages. Moreover, the response of the resistant cultivar to infection was earlier and stronger, exhibiting high transcript accumulation of the PR genes. These results indicated that the induction of oxidant/antioxidant responses and the accumulation of PRPs are part of the faba bean defense mechanism against the necrotrophic fungus B. fabae with a different intensity and timing of induction, depending on the resistance levels.