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Seismic response of nonstructural components considering the near-fault pulse-like ground motions

  • Zhai, Chang-Hai;Zheng, Zhi;Li, Shuang;Pan, Xiaolan;Xie, Li-Li
    • Earthquakes and Structures
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    • 제10권5호
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    • pp.1213-1232
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    • 2016
  • This paper investigates the response of nonstructural components in the presence of nonlinear behavior of the primary structure considering the near-fault pulse-like ground motions. A database of 81 near-fault pulse-like ground motions is used to examine the effect of these ground motions on the response of nonstructural components. For comparison, a database of 573 non-pulse-like ground motions selected from the PEER database is also employed. The effects of peak ground velocity (PGV), maximum incremental velocity (MIV), primary structural degrading behavior and damping of nonstructural components are evaluated and discussed statistically. Results are presented in terms of amplification factor which quantifies the effect of inelastic deformations of the primary structure on subsystem responses. The results indicate that the near-fault pulse-like ground motions can significantly increase the amplification factors of nonstructural components with primary structural period and the magnitude of increase can reach 17%. The effect of PGV and MIV on amplification factors tends to increase with the increase of primary structural ductility. The near-fault pulse-like ground motions are more dangerous to components supported by structures with strength and stiffness degrading behavior than ordinary ground motions. A new simplified formulation is proposed for the application of amplification factors for design of nonstructural components for near-fault pulse-like ground motions.

이진 프레임 기술자를 이용한 유사중복 동영상 프레임 단위 정합 (Frame-level Matching for Near Duplicate Videos Using Binary Frame Descriptor)

  • 김경래;이준태;장원동;김창수
    • 방송공학회논문지
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    • 제20권4호
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    • pp.641-644
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    • 2015
  • 본 논문에서는 이진 프레임 기술자와 이를 이용한 프레임 단위 유사중복 동영상 정합 알고리즘을 제안한다. 우선 동영상으로부터 취득한 프레임을 패치(patch)단위로 나누고 패치간의 관계를 이진으로 나타낸다. 그리고 두 동영상 프레임 간의 정합비용과 보상비용으로 비용 함수를 표현한다. 초기 정합과 반복적인 정합 갱신을 통해 비용 함수를 최소화한다. 실험을 통해 제안하는 이진 프레임 기술자의 적합성과 프레임 단위 정합 알고리즘 성능이 우수함을 확인한다.

Collapse simulations of a long span transmission tower-line system subjected to near-fault ground motions

  • Tian, Li;Pan, Haiyang;Ma, Ruisheng;Qiu, Canxing
    • Earthquakes and Structures
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    • 제13권2호
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    • pp.211-220
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    • 2017
  • Observations from past strong earthquakes revealed that near-fault ground motions could lead to the failure, or even collapse of electricity transmission towers which are vital components of an overhead electric power delivery system. For assessing the performance and robustness, a high-fidelity three-dimension finite element model of a long span transmission tower-line system is established with the consideration of geometric nonlinearity and material nonlinearity. In the numerical model, the Tian-Ma-Qu material model is utilized to capture the nonlinear behaviours of structural members, and the cumulative damage D is defined as an index to identify the failure of members. Consequently, incremental dynamic analyses (IDAs) are conducted to study the collapse fragility, damage positions, collapse margin ratio (CMR) and dynamic robustness of the transmission towers by using twenty near-fault ground motions selected from PEER. Based on the bending and shear deformation of structures, the collapse mechanism of electricity transmission towers subjected to Chi-Chi earthquake is investigated. This research can serve as a reference for the performance of large span transmission tower line system subjected to near-fault ground motions.

Seismic risk assessment of deficient reinforced concrete frames in near-fault regions

  • Cao, Vui Van;Ronagh, Hamid Reza;Baji, Hassan
    • Advances in concrete construction
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    • 제2권4호
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    • pp.261-280
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    • 2014
  • In many parts of the world, reinforced concrete (RC) buildings, designed and built in accordance with older codes, have suffered severe damage or even collapse as a result of recent near-fault earthquakes. This is particularly due to the deficiencies of most of the older (and even some of the recent) codes in dealing with near fault events. In this study, a tested three-storey frame designed for gravity loads only was selected to represent those deficient buildings. Nonlinear time history analyses were performed, followed by damage assessment procedures. The results were compared with experimental observation of the same frame showing a good match. Damage and fragility analyses of the frame subjected to 204 pulse-type motions were then performed using a selected damage model and inter-storey drifts. The results showed that the frame located in near-fault regions is extremely vulnerable to ground motions. The results also showed that the damage model better captures the damage distribution in the frame than inter-storey drifts. The first storey was identified as the most fragile and the inner columns of the first storey suffered most damage as indicated by the damage index. The findings would be helpful in the decision making process prior to the strengthening of buildings in near-fault regions.

AKARI/IRC spectroscopic survey for interstellar ice study

  • Kim, Jaeyeong;Lee, Jeong-Eun;Kim, Il-Seok;Aikawa, Yuri;Jeong, Woong-Seob;Lee, Ho-Gyu;Noble, Jennifer A.;Dunham, Michael M.
    • 천문학회보
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    • 제44권1호
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    • pp.41.3-41.3
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    • 2019
  • Ices in interstellar environments are well traced mostly by their absorption features in the near- to mid-infrared spectrum. The infrared camera (IRC) aboard AKARI provides us the near-infrared spectroscopic data which cover $2.5-5.0{\mu}m$ with a spectral resolution of R ~ 120. Our AKARI spectroscopic survey of young stellar objects (YSOs), including low-luminosity protostars and background stars, revealed the absorption features of $H_2O$, $CO_2$, CO, and XCN ice components. We present near-infrared spectra of the observed targets and compare their ice abundances with those previously derived from various YSOs and the background stars behind dense molecular clouds and cores. In addition, we suggest possible science cases for SPHEREx, NASA's new near-infrared space observatory, based on the results from our AKARI IRC spectroscopic study.

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PROPERTIES OF DUST IN EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES BASED ON THE ALL-SKY-SURVEY DATA AND NEAR-INFRARED SPECTRA

  • Mori, T.;Oyabu, S.;Kaneda, H.;Ishihara, D.;Yamagishi, M.
    • 천문학논총
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    • 제27권4호
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    • pp.263-264
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    • 2012
  • We present the properties of dust and the near-infrared spectral features in nearby early-type galaxies. The properties of dust are obtained from the AKARI far-infrared all-sky survey diffuse map. The AKARI/IRC is used for the near-infrared spectra. We improve spectral data with the new dark subtraction method on the basis of the knowledge acquired in our laboratory experiments of the engineering-model detector for the IRC. We have succeeded in fitting the continuum by a power-law function and detecting CO and SiO absorption features in early-type galaxy spectra. Comparing the properties of dust and near-infrared spectral features, we find that the power-law slope depends on dust temperature, but not on the dust mass, which suggests that low-luminosity AGNs may contribute to the changes in the power-law slope and dust temperature.