• 한국작물학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.157-163
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• 2001

Introgression from genetically modified plants (GMPs) may be dependent on the genetic similarity to wild relative plants. In Korea, many wild plant species are botanically related to the cultivated plants that have a potential to be genetically transformed. The controversy for hazards of GMPs is continuing because the studies on gene flow or introgression are little. Based on the systematic criteria, we have surveyed Korean wild plant species that showed the similarity to cultivating crops. The consideration for feasibility of genetic pollution (introgression of transgene) is necessary for the successful accomplishment in the practical use of GMPs. Although the detrimental effects of GMPs on wild relatives have not been clearly verified, Korean wild plant species related to crop plant (potential GMP) have to be investigated with respect to the introgression. Korean flora consists of ca. 5,500 species. Among them, 1,448 species are classified as weed species (966 native, 325 naturalized, and 167 escaped ones), which is vulnerable to GMPs in term of introgression. We suggested the principal Korean wild plants related to major crops that might be affected by GMPs via introgression. The investigated species herein are selected based on the morphological and phenological relationship. It is necessary to verify the genetic relationship between cultivated plants and wild relatives sing more precise molecular techniques, which provide the information of likelihood for the introgression of transgene.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.443-455
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• 2011

This study was conducted to investigate the flora of Mt. Jang located at Haeundae-Gu in Busan. The survey for the flora was carried out from Oct. 2008 to Sep. 2009. The results were obtained as follows. The flora consists of 5 forms, 22 varieties, 238 species, 198 genera, 91 families, 47 orders, 7 classes, and 3 divisions as total 265 taxa. The typical communities were Osmunda japonica com., Stephanandra incisa com., Gleichenia japonica com., Eurya japonica-Pinus thunbergii com., Styrax japonica-Pinus thunbergii com., and Smilax china com. which were distributed along Forest Bathing Area and Yangun Falls, Miscanthus sinensis for. purpurascens com., Carpinus turczaibovii var. coreana com and Pseudosasa japonica were distributed around the top of mountain. According to the ecological characteristic species, the evergreen plants were observed 15 taxa 14 genera 13 families, the naturalized plants 18 taxa 17 genera 10 families, the specific plants categorized by Ministry of Environment 20 taxa 18 genera 18 families, the endangered plant 1 specie Utricularia yakusimensis, and the cultivated plants were observed 21 taxa 18 genera 14 families.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제25권11호
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• pp.1244-1254
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• 2015

부산시에 분포하고 있는 귀화식물은 총 31과 95속 147종 9변종으로 총 156분류군으로 확인되었다. 조사된 귀화식물의 과별분포는 국화과가 가장 다양한 44분류군으로 나타났으며, 벼과 24분류군, 콩과 10분류군의 순이었다. 생활형 분석결과 1~2년생 식물이 107분류군으로 전체의 68.6%를 차지했으며, 다년생 식물 47분류군(30.1%), 관목 1분류군(0.6%), 교목 1분류군(0.6%)이 확인되었다. 귀화도 분석결과 귀화도 2가 가장 많은 종수(42분류군)를 나타내었으나, 한반도 전체 귀화식물종의 분포를 고려할 때 귀화도 5의 종이 전체의 96.3%인 26분류군이 출현해 높은 종 다양성을 확인 할 수 있었다. 원산지 분석결과 유럽(50종)과 북아메리카(48종) 원산의 종이 높은 분포율을 보였으며, 정착양식은 이차식생 귀화종이 123분류군으로 가장 높은 수치를 나타냈다. 유입시기와 유입방법은 유입 1기와 탈출외래종에서 가장 높은 수치를 나타냈다. 부산지역에 분포하는 귀화식물의 분포 특성을 분석한 결과, 삼림을 제외한 대부분의 서식처 유형에서 다양한 귀화식물들이 확인되었으며, 한국 귀화식물종의 중요한 유입경로로 활용되고 있는 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 이들 종을 모니터링하기 위한 지속가능한 관리방안의 마련이 필요하며, 유입된 귀화식물의 생태적 특성을 파악하고 체계적인 관리방안 확립이 요구된다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.202-211
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• 2019

Oceanic islands are biologically important for their unique assemblages of species and high levels of endemism and are sensitive to environmental change because of their isolation and small species source pools. Habitat destruction caused by human landscape development is generally accepted as the main cause of extinction on islands, with exotic species invasion a secondary cause of extinction, especially on tropical islands. However, secondary impacts of human development (e.g., general degradation through resource use and exotic species introduction) are understudied on temperate islands. To determine secondary impacts of human development on the understory vegetation community, 90 field sites on Ulleung Island, South Korea, were sampled during the summer of 2016. Understory vegetation was chosen as it is a proxy for ecosystem health. Diversity and percent cover of introduced, native, and endemic species were tested against proximity to developed areas and trail usage using a model selection approach. Diversity was also tested against percent cover of three naturalized species commonly found in survey plots. The main finding was that distance to development, distance to town, and trail usage have limited negative impacts on the understory vegetation community within best-supported models predicting native and introduced cover and diversity. However, endemic species cover was significantly lower on high usage trails. While there are no apparent locally invasive plant species on the island at the time of this study, percent cover of Robinia pseudoacacia, a naturalized tree species, negatively correlated with plot diversity. These findings indicate that forests on Ulleung Island are not experiencing a noticeable invasion of understory vegetation, and conservation efforts can be best spent preventing future invasions.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.84-101
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• 2004

This study presents an ecological management plan for wildbird habitat conservation, an nature-friendly enhancement of bio-diversity using the riverside of the Tancheon Ecosystem Conservation Area in Seoul by analyzing environmental and ecological characteristics. As a result of analyzing actual vegetation, vegetation type was classified into 34 types. Humulus japonicus association covers an area of 441,568.6㎡(31.44％), and Artemisia princeps var. orientalis association covers an area of 89,690.1㎡(6.39％). Sandy plain as valuable wildbird habitat covers an area of 89,965.9㎡(6.4％). 125 taxa including 34 families, 93 genera, 107 species, and 18 varieties were recorded and the number of naturalized plants were 41 taxa at the survey site. Total naturalized index(NI) and urbanized index(UI) were recorded as 32.8％, and 15.5％. As a result of analyzing the herb plants association structure by surveying 8 belt-transects, the humid native plants was dominant in the partially adjacent revetment edge and damp riverside. On the other hand, naturalized plants was so extensively dominant that it was necessary to establish an ecological management plan. The observed wildbirds belonged to 50 species, 6,118 individuals, and 7 restricted species by law, which were Accipiter gentilis, Falco tinnunculus, Buteo hemilasius, and Buteo buteo. Oriolus chinensis,Hirundo rustica, and Alcedo atthis. The ecological administration plan for Tancheon Ecosystem Conservation Area as follows: in ecological land-use planning, the conservation area(695,518.5㎡) has native woody and herb vegetation and sandy plain with water as an wildbird habitat. The restoration area(653,702.7㎡) has a naturalized plants distribution are with artificial revetment. The nature-friendly Riverside Area(55,414.9㎡) was an easily approached area with damaged riverside vegetation, and a safe area to wildbird habitat. In riverside restoration planning, the artificial riverside should be restored to its natural riverside vegetation, and the artificial embankment should be restored with edge shrubs for wildbird habitat or revegetated for natural riverside landscape. For naturalized plants management planning, we selected naturalized plant species to be weeded out, and suggested an application method for ecological management.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.18-21
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• 2014

전남 여수시 삼산면 초도에서 우리나라의 미기록 귀화식물 은빛까마중 (Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.)을 발견하여 보고한다. 이 종의 원산지는 미국남서부와 인접한 멕시코북부이다. 이 식물은 까마중에 근연이지만 식물체 전체가 회백색 성상모로 뒤덮여있고, 길쭉한 잎의 모양, 열매와 꽃의 크기 및 색깔로 쉽게 구분된다. 이종은 현재 유럽 및 지중해지방국가들, 아프리카, 남미, 아시아 및 호주 등의 아열대 및 온대지방에 널리 퍼져있는 잡초로 분류된다. 따라서 우리나라에서도 앞으로 이 종이 확산되는 것에 대한 대책마련이 필요하다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.42-58
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• 2009

This study was carried out to survey the vascular plants of the construct-reserved site of ecological forest in Kohang-ri, Sangri-myeon, Yecheon-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea. The results are as follows. The vascular plants in this site were recorded as 392 taxa; 85 families, 254 genera, 341 species, 45 varieties and 6 forma. The Korean endemic plants were 5 taxa; Salix hallaisanensis, Clematis trichotoma, Chrysosplenium barbatum, Philadelphus schrenckii and Weigela subsessilis. The rare plants designated by Korea Forest Service were 2 taxa; Iris ensata var. spontanea and Aristolochia contorta. The naturalized plants were 25 taxa; Bromus tectorum, Dactylis glomerata, Panicum dichotomiflorum, Bilderdykia dumetora and so forth. In the results of analysis by floristic region, the specific plants were summarized as 31 taxa; Matteuccia struthiopteris, Oxalis obtriangulata, Betula davurica, Cimicifuga heracleifolia and so forth. The plants with approval for delivering oversea were 4 taxa; Salix hallaisanensis, Aristolochia controrta, Clematis trichotoma and Chrysosplenium barbatum. The plant resources were 186 taxa of ornamental plant, 241 taxa of edible plant, 274 taxa of medicinal plant and 202 taxa of others.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.27-53
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• 2013

This study is carried out to offer raw data and establish strategy for conservation and restoration of river ecosystem by objective surveying and analysing the flora and vegetation distributed in Hwang river, Gyeongsangnam-do. The flora identified in this site were 406 taxa including 95 families, 252 genera, 360 species, 3 subspecies, 40 varieties and 3 forms. The rare plants were 3 taxa including Sagittaria sagittifolia subsp. leucopetala, Hydrocharis dubia and Acorus calamus. The endemic plants were 4 taxa including Populus tomentiglandulosa, Salix koriyanagi, Paulownia coreana and Weigela subsessilis. The specific plants by floristic region were 17 taxa including Salix siuzevii, Poncirus trifoliata, Potamogeton maackianus and so forth. The naturalized plants were 39 taxa including Phytolacca americana, Chenopodium glaucum, Lepidium virginicum, Oenothera erythrosepala, Xanthium canadense, Lolium multiflorum and so forth. The invasive alien plants were Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Ambrosia trifida. The whole NI and UI were each 9.6% and 13.9%. The hydrophytes were 27 taxa including Marsilea quadrifolia, Nymphaea tetragona, Ceratophyllum demersum, Trapa japonica and so forth. In the results of growth forms of the hydrophytes, emergent species were 14 taxa, 3 taxa of floating-leaved species, 4 taxa of free-floating species and 6 taxa of submerged species. The dominant vegetations were Salix spp. community, Miscanthus sacchariflorus community, Phragmites japonica community and Phragmites communis community.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.479-489
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• 2005

거제도의 인근도서 지심도, 내도, 윤돌도 식물상 조사는 2004년 3월, 6월, 8월 총 3번에 걸쳐 식물상을 조사하였다. 본 조사 결과 관속식물은 지심도 64과 114속 121종 10변종 131분류군, 내도 53과 79속 5변종 81분류군, 윤돌도 14과 15속 15종 1변종 16분류군으로 총 72과 140속 149종 14변종 1품종 164분류군이 동정하였다. 멸종위기식물은 관찰되지 않았으나, 한국특산식물은 거제딸기, 섬쥐똥나무 등 2과 2속 1종 1변종 총 2분류군이 확인되었다. 식물구계학적 특정식물은 가는쇠고사리, 섬쥐똥나무, 나도생강, 털머위, 생달나무, 센달나무, 남오미자, 멀꿀, 팔손이 등을 포함 25과 33속 36종 2변종 38분류군이 관찰되었다. 그 외에 귀화식물은 소리쟁이, 자리공, 토끼풀, 까마중, 선개불알풀, 주홍서나물, 개망초, 별꽃아재비등 6과 10속 10종으로 우리나라 전체 귀화식물종 284종에 대한 도시화지수(U.I) 및 귀화율은 $3.52\%$와 $6.1\%$이다. 조사지역은 장승포와 옥포 등 가까운 거리에 있고 자연경관이 뛰어나 방문객의 수가 갈수록 급증할 것으로 예상되어 귀화식물의 종류와 수는 앞으로 더욱더 늘어날 것으로 전망된다. 또한 낚시터로 많은 사람들의 출입이 빈번한 곳이다. 이에 따른 식생이 파괴될 위험이 크므로 조사지역의 상록활엽수림에 대한 보존대책이 요망된다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.138-152
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• 2020

본 연구는 강원도 태백시에 위치한 황지천의 장기모니터링을 위한 수변식물상 조사를 수행한 결과 65과 158속 203종 2아종 18변종으로 총 223분류군으로 확인되었다. 과별로 보면 국화과(30분류군), 벼과(19분류군), 장미과(15분류군), 콩과(12분류군) 순으로 높게 나타난다. 이 중 특산식물은 4분류군이다. 멸종위기 및 적색목록종은 출현하지 않았다. 식물구계학적 특정 식물은 IV등급 3분류군, III등급 4분류군, II등급 7분류군, I등급 8분류군으로 총 22분류군이다. 귀화식물은 28분류군으로 귀화율12.5%, 도시화지수 8.7%를 나타났다. 용도에 따른 분류는 식용 166종(74.4%), 약용 187종(83.8%), 향료용 9종(4.0%), 산업용 99종(44.3%), 관상용 106종(47.5%), 복원용 84종(37.6%), 사료/퇴비용 112종(50.2%), 용도 미상 5종(2.2%) 등으로 구분되었다. 이러한 조사 연구를 통해 하천정화시설의 설치 전과 후의 식물상 및 식생변화에 대한 척도를 확보하고 종합적인 관리를 위한 장기 모니터링 기초자료로 활용하고자 한다.