• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.94 no.4 s.161
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• pp.252-257
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• 2005

The study on long-term change of natural and sediment disasters such as landslides and debris flows is not thoroughgoing enough in spite of increasing of concern for disaster. Therefore, the change of natural and sediment disasters was investigated with the number of victims caused by both disasters and the ratio of sediment disasters for natural disasters was compared. The number of victims by sediment and natural disasters has apparently been decreasing despite of the change of rainfall pattern. The number of victims was changed to 140 persons/year in the late 1990s from 250 persons/year in the 1970s of natural disaster and that of sediment disaster to 20 persons/year in the late 1990s from 60 persons/year in the late 1970s. Furthermore, the ratio of sediment disaster victims to natural disaster victims has decreased from 2/7 in the 1970s to 2/15 after 1980s. But, the system of sediment disaster management and new soil erosion control works tough introduction of watershed management concept are requested because of increased landslide area in recent years (206ha in 1981 $\rightarrow$ 688ha in 1999).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.611-626
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• 2014

Reading and foreseeing fashion trends is crucial and difficult in the fashion industry due to accelerated and diversified changes in fashion trends. We use network analysis to investigate fashion trends from 2004 to 2013 in order to find the inter-relevance among fashion trends. We extracted words from fashion trend info for women's wear provided by Samsung Design Net, created a 2-mode network of seasons and trend languages, and visualized this network using NodeXl program. Fashion trends repeated a unique pattern during the period. In the first half (2004-2008), retro modern, feminine modern, and ecological modern were dominant trends in consecutive order. The years 2009-2013 witnessed distinctive fashion trends in S/S seasons and in F/W seasons. 11F/W, 12F/W and 13F/W seasons were characterized by artistic creative style. From 2010, natural style dominated S/S seasons. 10S/S and 12S/S seasons were distinguished as a calm natural style that reflected a peaceful and simple life. In 11S/S and 13S/S seasons, soft natural style emerged as a sign of increased importance of inner spirit and natural energy. A seasonal reappearance of trends was observed every two years in S/S seasons that enabled the prediction that 14S/S will see another version of natural style. A macroscopic trend for the last 10 years was represented by the keywords 'modern' and 'natural'. 'Modern' involved the past styles such as 60's, Baroque and the origin of human life. 'Natural' was connected with design elements such as material, silhouette and color. Managerial implications and future study directions are discussed based on the results.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.741-756
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• 2017

The natural resources of Jeju are recognized as the new regional image of that clean island. Reflecting these trends, this study is initiated to develop a textile design with the motive of persimmon, a natural resource of Jeju, and to apply it to infant's and children's clothes. Its purpose is to highlight the image of persimmon, a traditional dye, as a regional signature for Jeju. Product development procedure included, understanding the use of persimmon for fashion products, analyzing Infants' and Children's designer collections over the last three seasons (focused on 2014S/S, 2015S/S, and 2016S/S), and surveying the Children's Clothes market for persimmon dyeing in Jeju. The conclusion was that, the natural resources of Jeju are highly valuable, and should be applied to textile design and apparel products for children. Utilizing Jeju persimmon was actively studied, but, the market for the Jeju persimmon natural - dyeing products is extremely limited. Moreover, the apparel products for infants and children represent old-fashioned styles, despite their higher prices. Therefore, using the formative characteristics of persimmon for each theme was suggested for development of patterns for textile design. Pattern designs were expressed using textured textile screen-printing, embroidery and $appliqu{\acute{e}}$ for infants' and children's clothes. In this study, a total of 10 items were prepared as apparel products for infants and children. All items were designed considering mix-and-match, potential, with each other or with regular mass-market products. These results are expected to contribute to highlighting the unique image of Jeju and to help promote fashion culture products.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.381-389
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• 2010

This study was carried out to develop the breeding and/or cultivation materials by investigating characteristics of natural habitats of Allium monanthum in South Korea. Natural habitats of sunny, half-shady, and shady conditions were 13 (10.7%), 66 (54.6%), and 42 (34.7%), respectively. Natural habitats were located around upland (45.4%), around Buddhist temple area (28.1%), on mountain area (18.2%), along roadside (2.5%), and along riverside (5.8%), respectively. Natural habitats ranged widely in all areas of Korea by $33^{\circ}N{\sim}38^{\circ}N$ and $126^{\circ}E{\sim}129^{\circ}E$. In Chungbuk and Gyeongbuk natural habitats were more than in Jeonbuk and Jeonnam. Distribute pattern were formed densely. Sprout stage was from September till March of next year. Grew from March to April, and there was no plant formed flower stalk in natural habitats.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.13-32
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• 2019

Purposes: This research is an empirical research to analyze the effect of self-leadership on the job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior and the mediating effect of psychological capital. Methods: This research investigates the effect of self-leadership and psychological capital on job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior of public health workers. The analysis was carried out to 4 local medical staffs in Chungcheongnam-do province, which distributed 330 copies and recovered 313 copies (94.8% recovery) and analyzed 304 copies (effective response rate 92.1%). Findings: First, causality was found in self-leadership and psychological capital. Second, it was found to have a significant effect on psychological capital and job satisfaction. Third, psychological capital was found to have a significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior. Fourth, psychological capital has a positive effect on both Self-leadership's behavior-oriented strategy, natural reward strategy, and strategic thinking pattern strategy. In the job satisfaction relationship, there was a partial mediating effect. Fifth, psychological capital has a positive effect on both self-leadership and organizational citizenship behavioral behavior-oriented strategy, natural reward strategy, and strategic thinking pattern strategy. The organizational citizenship behavioral relationship was found to have a partial mediating effect. Practical Implications: Taken together, the results indicate that the members of the four public health care organizations run by Chungcheongnam-do have a high weight on the natural reward strategy of achieving job satisfaction through the pleasures of doing their favorite activities or jobs.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2014

An 'electronic nose' based on mass spectrometer and discriminant function analysis (DFA) was used to evaluate the grade of coffee beans. The data obtained from the electronic nose was analyzed by DFA. The discriminant function first score (DF1) of natural coffee beans showed a greater decrease than the different processing methods. Defective coffee beans were separated well from non-defective coffee beans by DF1, which correlated with a weaker flavor than that of the others. Flavor patterns of the defective and the non-defective coffee beans were determined as complementary information. The flavor patterns obtained in this study can explain, in a simplified way, the differences between the defective and the non-defective coffee beans.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.98-107
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• 2017

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as regulators of gene expression by binding to the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of target genes. They perform important biological functions in the various species. Among many miRNAs, miR-21-3p is known to serve vital functions in development and apoptosis in olive flounder. Using genomic and bioinformatic tools, evolutionary conservation of miR-21-3p was examined in various species, and expression pattern was analyzed in olive flounder. Conserved sequences (5'-CAGUCG-3') in numerous species were detected through the stem-loop structure of miR-21-3p. Thus, we analyzed target genes of miR-21-3p. Among them, 3' UTR region of PPIL2 gene indicated the highest binding affinity with miR-21-3p based on the minimum free energy value. The PPIL2 gene showed high expression levels in testis tissue of the olive flounder, whereas miR-21-3p showed rather ubiquitous expression patterns except in testis tissue, indicating that miR-21-3p seems to control the PPIL2 gene expression in a complementary repression manner in various tissues of olive flounder. Taken together, this current study contributes to infer the target gene candidates for the miR-21-3p using bioinformatics tools. Furthermore, our data offers important information on the relationship between miR-21-3p and target gene for further functional study.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.87-101
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• 2014

Recently, more attention has been paid to the geomorphological changes in the Nakdong River Estuary, because those changes are caused by artificial activities including weirs, reclamation and construction. In order to analyze quantitatively the recent geomorphological variability in the Nakdong River Estuary, we surveyed the depth and elevation of submarine topography near Jinwoodo and Sinjado from March 2007 to February 2012. A statistical method (based on Digital Shoreline Analysis System) and an Empirical Orthogonal Functions method were used to evaluate the morphological changes. According to the statistical variables (DCE, NDC, EPR, LRR), the highest amount and rate of accumulation were recorded around the Gadeokdo whereas the greatest amount of erosion appeared around the coast off the eastern part of Sinjado. In particular, a dynamic variation of morphology was clearly observed in the vicinity of the sub-tidal channel located between Jinwoodo and Sinjado, which seems to be attributable to channel migration. As a result of the EOF method, the first mode (48.7%) is most closely related to the pattern of morphological variability that might be associated with the westerly movement of sediment by longshore current. The spatial variability of the second mode (16.6%) was high in the shoreface of Sinjado, showing a 4-year periodicity of temporal variability. The strong correlation (coefficient 0.73) between the time coefficient and suspended sediment discharge from Nakdong River emphasizes the role of sediment discharge to deposition in this area. The spatial variability of the third mode (11.3%) was distributed mainly around the coast off the eastern part of Sinjado, which is related to the movement of the coastline of Sinjado. Based on the last 5 year's data, our results suggest that the study area is characterized on the whole by a depositional pattern, but the extent of sedimentation is different locally.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.37-49
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• 2018

Two hypotrich ciliates, Australocirrus shii (Shi et al., 1997) Kumar & Foissner, 2015 and Afrokeronopsis aurea (Foissner & Stoeck, 2008) Foissner et al., 2010 isolated from freshwater habitats in Korea and were studied based on the specimens from live and after protargol impregnation. Australocirrus shii is redescribed based on morphology and 18S rRNA gene sequence, whereas Af. aurea is the first record for Korea. Main morphological features of the Korean population of Au. shii are as following: body size $100-200{\times}40-80{\mu}m$ in vivo; elongate to ellipsoidal or slightly elongate obovate, dorsoventrally flattened; transverse cirri arranged in (3+2) pattern, anterior pretransverse ventral cirrus distantly anterior of the first transverse cirrus; eight or nine dorsal kineties; and three caudal cirri. Main morphological features of the Korean population of Af. aurea are as following: body size $230-375{\times}70-145{\mu}m$ in vivo; shape elongate obovate or ellipsoidal, widest at the mid-body; undulating membranes in Australocirrus pattern with a buccal depression; and three caudal cirri. The Korean population of A. shii is similar in morphology with previous descriptions except for the presence of indentation at the posterior end in the Korean population. The Korean population of A. aurea is slightly shorter than the South African population and has slightly less marginal and mid-ventral cirri. The phylogenetic analysis of present two Korean hypotrichs and relevant species based on 18S rRNA gene sequences generated almost similar tree topologies compared with previous studies.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.136-140
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• 2002

Objectives : A common problem with analyzing survey data involves incomplete data with either a nonresponse or missing data. The mail questionnaire survey conducted for collecting lifestyle variables on the members of the Korean Elderly Phamacoepidemiologic Cohort(KEPEC) in 1996 contains some nonresponse or missing data. The proper statistical method was applied to evaluate the missing pattern of a specific KEPEC data, which had no missing data in the independent variable and missing data in the response variable, BMI. Methods : The number of study subjects was 8,689 elderly people. Initially, the BMI and significant variables that influenced the BMI were categorized. After fitting the log-linear model, the probabilities of the people on each category were estimated. The EM algorithm was implemented using a log-linear model to determine the missing mechanism causing the nonresponse. Results : Age, smoking status, and a preference of spicy hot food were chosen as variables that influenced the BMI. As a result of fitting the nonignorable and ignorable nonresponse log-linear model considering these variables, the difference in the deviance in these two models was 0.0034(df=1). Conclusion : There is a lot of risk if an inference regarding the variables and large samples is made without considering the pattern of missing data. On the basis of these results, the missing data occurring in the BMI is the ignorable nonresponse. Therefore, when analyzing the BMI in KEPEC data, the inference can be made about the data without considering the missing data.