• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.456-461
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• 1996

The effects of human epidermal growth factor(EGF) which was produced by recombinant DNA technique was investigated on gastric secretion, gastric lesion and ulcer models in rats. The EGF showed significant inhibition of secretion of gastric juice and total acid output, at 0.4mg/kg, id and also inhibited Shay ulceration at 0.4mg/kg, id in rats. The lesion induced by absolute ethanol was significantly reduced by oral administration of EGF at 0.4mg/kg. Likewise, EGF caused significant inhibition of indomethacin induced gastric ulcer at oral doses of 0.2 and 0.4mg/kg. The EGF produced dose-dependent inhibition of gastric ulcer induced by acidified aspirin, but showed no significant inhibition at oral doses of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4mg/kg. The chronic gastric ulcer induced by injection of 20% acetic acid solution was significantly reduced by oral doses of 0.1 and 0.4mg/kg of EGF. Duodenal ulcer induced by mepirizole was dose-dependently inhibited by oral doses of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4mg/kg of EGF. These data suggest that EGF possesses pronounced inhibitory action in gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer of rats.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.472-481
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to assess red beet as a natural colorant in emulsified pork sausage and to investigate the effect of red beet on quality characteristics of emulsified pork sausage during 20 d of cold storage. Red beet was prepared as a powder and a substitute with sodium nitrite at 0.5% and 1.0% levels in emulsified pork sausage. Red beet significantly increased the moisture content and pH (p<0.0001) and affected color traits. Lightness of emulsified pork sausage decreased by the addition of red beet powder (p<0.01), whereas lightness with red beet treatments slightly increased during 20 d of cold storage at $4^{\circ}C$ (p<0.05). Redness dramatically increased with red beet powder (p<0.0001). Color by sensory evaluation also showed a significant effect from red beet addition (p<0.05), whereas the other sensory properties such as flavor, tenderness, juiciness, and overall acceptability were not affected by the addition of red beet powder (p>0.05). Texture and 2-thiobabituric acid reactive substance were also not affected by red beet addition (p>0.05). Therefore, red beet could be a good natural colorant in emulsified pork sausage but it needs additional processing, such as betalain concentration and extraction as a juice, to be used as an antioxidant in meat products.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.389-413
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• 2023

Objectives : This study aimed to review the current trends in experimental studies on the use of natural products for treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Methods : Experimental studies assessing the efficacy of natural products against GERD were searched on PubMed. Articles were selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria and then analyzed for experimental methods, interventions, and result analysis techniques. Results : A total 37 studies were included in this review. Predominantly, in vivo experiments were conducted to induce GERD through surgery, involving the ligation of the pylorus and the transitional junction between the corpus and the forestomach using 7-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats. The acute induction model, sacrificing animals after a single administration following GERD induction, was mainly used.The utilization of cell experiments was relatively infrequent, with a focus on assessing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects via the treatment of the RAW 264.7 cell line with lipopolysaccharides treatment. Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Pinelliae Tuber, Ginseng Radix and Zingiberis Rhizoma were used as single ingredients, and herbal formula, STW-5 (iberogast), Rikkunshito (六君子湯), Banhasasim-tang (半夏瀉心湯), and Hewei Jiangni granule (和胃降逆湯) were used. Outcome analysis methods encompassed Macroscopic evaluation, esophageal function assessment, blood biomarker analysis, histological examination, protein analysis, gene expression analysis, and gastric juice analysis. Proton pump inhibitors were predominantly employed as positive controls. Conclusions : This study revealed the current trends in non-clinical research evaluating natural products for GERD. Based on the results of this study, we expect that non-clinical research on clinically effective natural products will be revitalized.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.550-556
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• 2004

Dietary pattern analysis is important complementary approach for identifying associations between diet and chronic disease. A case-control study was conducted in order to examine dietary patterns and the risk of colon cancer in Korea. Data were collected from both 137 cases with either colorectal cancer or large bowl adenomatous polyps and 134 controls regarding social-demographic characteristics and food intake using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. We conducted factor analysis and identified 6 major dietary patterns: 'Well-being diet' characterized by higher intakes of potatoes, yogurt, soybean paste and vegetables, 'Meat & fish', 'Milk & juice', 'Pork & alcohol', 'Rice & kimchi', and 'Coffee & cake'. We calculated factor scores for each participant and examined the associations between dietary patterns and colon cancer risk. After adjusting for potential confounders, there was a relative risk for colon cancer of 0.16 (95% confidence interval, 0.07 - 0.34) when comparing the highest with the lowest tertile of the 'Well-being' pattern. Significant trends of decreasing risk of colon cancer also emerged with the 'Milk & juice' (OR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.20 - 0.79). In contrast, inverse associations of the risk were found for 'Pork & alcohol' (OR = 1.92, 95% CI = 0.93 - 3.97), 'Coffee & cake' (OR = 2.18, 95% CI = 1.07 - 4.46). For the 'Meat & fish' pattern, the decreased risk of colon cancer was observed in the second tertile, but not in the highest tertile when comparing to the lowest. The 'Rice & kimchi' pattern had a nonsignificant association with the risk. These data suggest that major dietary patterns derived from the FFQ associated with the risk of colon cancer in Korea. Since foods are not consumed in isolation, dietary pattern research in natural eating behavior may be useful for understanding dietary causes of colon cancer.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.920-924
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• 2007

Two experiments were carried out on a laboratory scale. The first involved a study of the effect of green tea on characteristics of fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB). FJLB was treated with 50 g/L of green tea products as follows: new shoot powder (FJLB+N), leaf powder (FJLB+L), commercial powder (FJLB+P), sterilized new shoot powder (FJLB+SN), sterilized leaf powder (FJLB+SL) or sterilized commercial powder (FJLB+SP). FJLB without any additive was also prepared (Untreated FJLB). After incubation, the number of microorganisms in FJLB were studied. Subsequently, these FJLB were applied at 10 ml/kg to chopped rhodesgrass to study their effects on fermentation. Compared with untreated FJLB, the addition of green tea increased (p<0.05) lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and also aerobic bacteria counts in FJLB. At 60 d of ensiling, all the FJLB treated silages were well preserved, pH and butyric acid content were lower (p<0.001) and lactic acid was higher (p<0.001) than that of the control. Lactic acid content was significantly higher (p<0.001) with treated FJLB than with untreated FJLB. FJLB treated with sterilized green tea decreased (p<0.001) the pH and the lactic acid content was higher (p<0.001) than that in the unsterilized green tea silages.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.139-144
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• 1981

Modified radish Kimchi and radish-root juice were fermented under $N_2$ atmosphere at $22{\sim}23^{\circ}C$ and $37^{\circ}C$, respectively and their changes of vitamin C content. were determined by dinitrophenylhydrazine and indophenol methods. In the earlier period of the fermentation, vitamin C content decreased temperarily and then began to increase. When the flavor of Kimchi was most acceptable, vitamin C showed the maximum value which eras equivalent to or more than the initial, after which vitamin C content decreased gradually. The increase of vitamin C content seemed to come from the biosynthesis of the vitamin owing to the enzymatic action occurred in radish-root. The addition of galacturonic acid to Kimchi and to radish-root juice elevated the vitamin C content, which suggested galacturonic acid was a good substrate for the synthesis of vitamin C. The optimum pH of the Kimchi fermentation for the better vitamin C content ranged 4.0 to 4.5.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.527-532
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• 2016

Head lice, Pediculus humanus capitis, infestation is an important public health problem in Egypt. Inadequate application of topical pediculicides and the increasing resistance to the commonly used pediculicides made the urgent need for the development of new agents able to induce irreversible changes in the exposed lice leading to their mortality. The aim of the present work is to evaluate pediculicidal efficacy of some natural products such as olive oil, tea tree oil, lemon juice, and ivermectin separately in comparison with tetramethrin-piperonyl butoxide (licid), as a standard pediculicide commonly used in Egypt. The effects of these products were evaluated by direct observation using dissecting and scanning electron microscopes (SEM). Results showed that after 1 hr exposure time in vitro, absolute (100%) mortalities were recorded after exposure to 1% ivermectin and fresh concentrate lemon juice. The mortalities were decreased to 96.7% after exposure to tea tree oil. Very low percentage of mortality (23.3%) was recorded after 1 hr of exposure to extra virgin olive oil. On the other hand, the reference pediculicide (licid) revealed only mortality rate of 93.3%. On the contrary, no mortalities were recorded in the control group exposed to distilled water. By SEM examination, control lice preserved outer smooth architecture, eyes, antenna, respiratory spiracles, sensory hairs, and legs with hook-like claws. In contrast, dead lice which had been exposed to pediculicidal products showed damage of outer smooth architecture, sensory hairs, respiratory spiracles and/or clinching claws according to pediculicidal products used.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.963-966
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• 2008

Twenty four bacterial strains were isolated and identified from human oral cavities. These strains were identified as genus 8 Moraxella, 1 Neisseria, 1 Proteus, 6 Bacillus, 4 Staphylococcus, 3 Branhamella and 1 Enterobacter. Two genuses are Gram-positive and four genuses are Gram-negative. In order to search for antimicrobial substances from natural plants, twenty one plant materials being made of perilla leaf as well as spices including garlic and ginger were used. The effects of these plant juices on the growth of oral bacterial strains were investigated. Only garlic juice inhibited the growth of seventeen bacterial strains belonging to 6 kinds of genus.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.1385-1394
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• 2014

Metcalfa pruinosa was considered to be a very harmful invasive species, due to its high species density in nature and wide range of its host plants. M. pruinosa was distributed in 28 sites among 143 sites. M. pruinosa has wide range and diverse host plants of 52 families 110 species including crop, fruits and forest trees. At present, the identified host plant of M. pruinosa are composed of 62 families and 145 species in total since their first appearance was reported. M. pruinosa was found in roadside 46.7%, followed by forests 33.3% and orchard 20%. Nymphs and adults cause damage to crop and orchard by sucking juice, outbreak of fungi through secretion of wax, and reduction of plant assimilation due to the nectar of nymphs. Also, it reduces the merchantable quality of fruits and thus causes economic damage. It is judged that M. pruinosa has been moved along major road via the traffic vehicles.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.575-582
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• 1996

Molipteryx fuliginosa (Uhler, 1860) is a plant juice sucker which feeds on new tips of Rubus oldhami Miquel and Zelkowa serrata Makino, and it has a strong preference for teses two plants in Korea. M. fuliginosa has one generation a year and hibernates as a young adult. Most of the winter survivors emerge in early May. It is the first time their host plants were found and reported. Females mainly lay their eggs one by one separately on the leaves of R. oldhami, and even on the steel wire, the lid guaze and the ground in the laboratory. Nymphs do not gather, but stay on the hatching site, Nymphs except the non-feeding first instar feed on young shoots. From the second to the fifth instar nymphs migrate to the upper part of the shoot and congregate in part on an expanded leaf. The new adults first appeared on 11 August, and remained in the host plant, and fed on until mid October. The duration of the hatching and molting, and the survivorship curve based on the laboratory rearing were determined.