• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.86-89
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• 2009

In this study, we investigated the free radical [1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical (${\cdot}OH$) and superoxide anion (${O_2}^-$)] scavenging activity of MeOH extract and 3 fractions of Citrus junos. Of the tested fractions, the BuOH fraction showed the strongest DPPH scavenging activity, showing the $IC_{50}$ values of 63.4 mg/mL. Therefore, we continuously carried out DPPH, ${\cdot}OH$ and ${O_2}^-$ scavenging activity tests of BuOH fraction of Citrus junos. The BuOH fraction of Citrus junos inhibited DPPH radical to 97.5% at a concentration of 1000 mg/mL and the scavenging activities were increased concentration-dependently. In addition, BuOH fraction from Citrus junos also scavenged ${\cdot}OH$ in a concentration dependent manner from 5 to 1000 mg/mL. Furthermore, BuOH fraction showed about 56% ${O_2}^-$-scavengimg activity at 25 mg/mL concentration but, the scavenging activities were not enhanced in a dose dependent manner. The present results suggest that BuOH fraction of Citrus junos would have the protective potential from oxidative stress induced by free radicals.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.220-226
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• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Arsenic, which causes human carcinogenicity, is ubiquitous in the environment. This study was designed to evaluate modulation of arsenic induced cancer by resveratrol, a phytoalexin found in vegetal dietary sources that has antioxidant and chemopreventive properties, in arsenic trioxide ($As_2O_3$)-induced Male Wistar rats. MATERIALS/METHODS: Adult rats received 3 mg/kg $As_2O_3$ (intravenous injection, iv.) on alternate days for 4 days. Resveratrol (8 mg/kg) was administered (iv.) 1 h before $As_2O_3$ treatment. The plasma and homogenization enzymes associated with oxidative stress of rat kidneys were measured, the kidneys were examined histologically and trace element contents were assessed. RESULTS: Rats treated with $As_2O_3$ had significantly higher oxidative stress and kidney arsenic accumulation; however, pretreatment with resveratrol reversed these changes. In addition, prior to treatment with resveratrol resulted in lower blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and insignificant renal tubular epithelial cell necrosis. Furthermore, the presence of resveratrol preserved the selenium content ($0.805{\pm}0.059{\mu}g/g$) of kidneys in rats treated with $As_2O_3$. However, resveratrol had no effect on zinc level in the kidney relative to $As_2O_3$-treated groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that supplementation with resveratrol alleviated nephrotoxicity by improving antioxidant capacity and arsenic efflux. These findings suggest that resveratrol has the potential to protect against kidney damage in populations exposed to arsenic.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.482-487
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• 2017

It is necessary to respond to criminal cases on board of pelagic fishing boats in the international waters with domestic legal judgement and international legal judgement due to a natural limitation by geographical long distance while it is possible to deal with domestic criminal cases with prompt response by using air crafts or patrol vessels. In other words, according to the flag of the vessel, the legal status of the water where is the crime scene, the nationalities of the victim and the perpetrator, it is required to judge if Korea can exert their jurisdiction and there is an issue if Korea Coast Guard exert their law enforcement effectively with this natural problem. In this paper, I propose a systemic improvement for a swift investigation for henceforth similar case's occurrence by analyzing the jurisdiction, the suspect's handling, the basic cause of the murder on-board which are based on the case of the vessel No.803 Gwang-Hyeon which was happened recently.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.845-849
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• 2016

Background: Worldwide, the incidence of cancers is increasing and is becoming a major public health issue, including those in the Asia Pacific region. South-East Asia is a region with diverse populations with different disease spectra. This study looked at the spectrum of cancers among South-East Asians working in Brunei Darussalam. Materials and Methods: The cancer registry from 1994 to 2012 maintained by the State Laboratory was retrospectively reviewed. Crude incidence rates were calculated based on the population census of 2010. Results: Altogether, there was a total of 418 cancer cases diagnosed among South-East Asians, giving an incidence of 5.1% (n=418/8,253). The affected nationals in decreasing frequency were Malaysians (53.1%), followed by Filipinos (25.8%), Indonesians (15.3%), Thais (3.8%), Myanmese (1.7%) and Vietnamese (0.2%) with no recorded cases for Singapore and the People's Republic of Laos. The overall mean age of diagnosis was $46.1{\pm}4.2$ years old, with an increasing trend over the years (p<0.05 ANOVA). The overall gender ratio was 42.3:57.7 (male:female), more females among the Filipinos and Indonesians, more males among the Thais, and equal representation among the Malaysians and the Myanmese. The most common were cancers of the digestive system (19.9%), followed by female reproductive/gynecologic system (16.0%), breast (15.6%), hematological/lymphatic (12.0%) and head/neck (8.1%). There were differences in the prevalence of cancers among the various nationalities with highest crude incidence rate among the Myanmese (141.2/100,000), followed by the Malaysian (88.5/100,000), and the Filipinos (40.6/100,000) and the lowest among the Thais (18.4/100,000), Indonesians (10.5/100,000) and the Vietnamese (6.3/100,000). Conclusions: Cancers among South-East Asian residing in Brunei Darussalam accounted for 5.1% of all cancers. The most common cancers were cancers of the digestive, gynecologic/female reproductive system and breast with certain types slowly increasing in proportions. There mean age of diagnoses was increasing.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.93-107
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• 2014

Recently Korean film industry has continuously experienced a rapid growth and expanded its influence to foreign countries. Accordingly, there have been numerous studies in various research areas to investigate the characteristics of the industry. In this study, we applied social network analysis based on the attributes such as genres, ratings, distributors, nationalities, sizes, and profitability to divide the movies into several clusters with respect to their similarity. Results suggested that the ratings and nationality rather than the genre are the major factors to divide the motion picture market into clusters and the profitability also varies much across the clusters. Furthermore, estimation of the diffusion model showed the positive relationship between the success of a movie and the word-of-mouth effect, while the relatively unsuccessful titles exhibited a monotonic decreasing diffusion pattern with the high initial demand and the early peak time.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.323-344
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• 2002

The purpose of this article is to examine the research trends of 'bibliography' in Korea. By utilizing citation analysis methods, total 1,321 cited references of the 51 articles published by ${\ulcorner}Journal of the Institute of Bibliography{$\lrcorner}$ in 2000 and 2001 are analysed. This analysis is focused on an article's subjects and authors'occupations, the numbers and journal categories of its cited references. Also, this study observes the nationalities and languages of cited references and various items related to authors of cited references. The most of findings of this study are similar to the previous studies. However, it could find that there are minor differences from the existing literatures, in respect to subject areas, the number of cited references and the forms of cited references. In conclusion, this study recommends that bibliographers's collaborative works with related fields such as history and library and information science need to be strengthened, and that qualitative apaches as well as citation analysis methods might be beneficial for further expansion of academic scope of 'bibliography'.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.560-568
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• 2016

In Korea, management support has been given at the government level for activities to attract foreign patients. China and Russia ranked on top of the lists for in-bound medical tourists. The purpose of this study is to examine the experiences of medical tourists in Korea, the demand for information, and the level of satisfaction regarding their experiences. 100 cases of medical tourists from China and Russia were collected through the mail survey. While Chinese used beauty, skin-care related products, Russian experienced the grocery shopping and wellness related services. Most patients from both nationalities experienced the traditional food in Korea and wanted to know about beauty products. Chinese wanted to get more information about Korean traditional food Russian. Finally, Russian showed higher overall satisfaction scores than Chinese respondents. If we reflect these results as a contents, it can be useful to attract foreign patients.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.2713-2717
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• 2015

Background: Possible associations between the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs8034191 in the aminoglycosidephosphotransferase domain containing 1 (AGPHD1) gene and lung cancer risk have been studied by many researchers but the results have been contradictory. Materials and Methods: A computerized search for publications on rs8034191 and lung cancer risk was performed. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the association between rs8034191 and lung cancer risk with 13 selected case-control studies. Sensitivity analysis, test of heterogeneity, cumulative meta-analysis, and assessment of bias were also performed. Results: A significant association between rs8034191 and lung cancer susceptibility was found using the dominant genetic model (OR=1.344, 95% CI: 1.285-1.406), the additive genetic model (OR=1.613, 95% CI: 1.503-1.730), and the recessive genetic model (OR=1.408, 95% CI: 1.319-1.503). Moreover, an increased lung cancer risk was found with all genetic models after stratification of ethnicity. Conclusions: The association between rs8034191 and lung cancer risk was significant using multiple genetic models, suggesting that rs8034191 is a risk factor for lung cancer. Further functional studies of this polymorphism and lung cancer risk are warranted.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.4271-4274
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• 2014

The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key step during embryonic morphogenesis and plays an important role in drug resistance and metastasis in diverse solid tumors. We previously reported that 48 h treatment of anti-cancer drug doxorubicin could induce EMT in human gastric cancer BGC-823 cells. However, the long term effects of this transient drug treatment were unknown. In this study we found that after 48 h treatment with $0.1{\mu}g/ml$ doxorubicin, most cells died during next week, while a minor population of cells survived and formed colonies. We propagated the surviving cells in drug free medium and found that these long term cultured drug survival cells (abbreviated as ltDSCs) retained a mesenchymal-like cell morphology, and expressed high levels of EMT-related molecules such as vimentin, twist and ${\beta}$-catenin. The expression of chromatin reprogramming factors, Oct4 and c-myc, were also higher in ltDSCs than parental cells. We further demonstrated that the protein level of p300 was upregulated in ltDSCs, and inhibition of p300 by siRNA suppressed the expression of vimentin. Moreover, the ltDSCs had higher colony forming ability and were more drug resistant when compared to parental cells. Our results suggested that an epigenetic mechanism is involved in the EMT of ltDSCs.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.5-12
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• 1988

In order to know the preferred delay time of single reflection in relation in relation to the source signal, and to investigate whether or not there is any display in preference judgment of sound field between subjects of different nationalities, tests of subjective preference for musical sound fields with single reflection were preformed. The result showed that the preferred delay times agreed with the effective duration of auto-correlation function of the source signals, when the amplitude of reflection relative to the direct sound is 0dB. No fundamental disparity in series of judgement of sound field was found even for different series of Judgment with different music motifs. The result of preference test using different passages in single music showed that the fluctuation of the effective duration autocorrelation function over all the passages of the music was small. Thus, the preferred delay time can be determined by the coherence of autocorrelation function of the source signals and the amplitued of reflection.