• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.279-285
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• 1989

Inverted papilloma arising from mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses is rare benign neoplasm, and usually unilateral arise from lateral wall of nasal cavity. This tumor is histologically benign neoplasm but clinically malignant, because of frequent recurrence and extensive bone destruction. And occasionally, this tumor can be transformed to squamous cell carcinoma or verrucous carcinoma. Recently, We have experienced a case of the inverted papilloma with verrucous carcinoma of the nose and paranasal sinuses and patient expired due to extension of intracranial cavity. We report our case with review of current literatures.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.206-209
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• 2013

12세의 중성화 수술을 한 수컷 미니어쳐 슈나우져종견이 급성 경련 증상으로 내원하였다. 컴퓨터단층촬영에서 좌측 비강 내 종괴와 사상판의 용해가 관찰되었다. 조영 후 자기공명영상 사진에서 좌측 전엽과 전두동에 고신호 감도의 종괴가 확인되었다. 비강 종양에 의해 이차적으로 발생한 뇌종양으로 가진단되었으며 조직검사상에서 비강샘암종이 뇌에 전이된 소견이 관찰되어 확진되었다. 개에서 발생한 비강샘암종이 침습되어 이차적으로 두개 내 종양이 발생한 증례로써 이차성 뇌종양의 이해 증진에 기여할 수 있는 자료를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.77-96
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• 1992

In recent years intranasal administration of drugs has received great attention as a convenient and efficent method of drug delivery because of its potential to improve the systemic effect of substances with a poor oral bioavailability. In addition to offering advantages such as rapid absorption, fast onset of action and avoiding the first -pass effect, it provides for delivery of drugs from very lipophilic drugs such as steroids to polar and hydrophilic drugs such as peptides and proteins. However, little is still known about the nature of various barriers existing in the nasal mucosae as well as mechanism by which these molecules are absorbed. This review article therefore intends to discuss nasal physiology, experimental methods and evaluation of absorption from the nasal cavity, factors influencing nasal absorption, mechanism of nasal absorption, approaches to improve the residence time and to obtain the sustained-release effect of intranasally administered drugs, promoters and mechanism for the enhancement of nasal absorption, Several examples for intranasal delivery of various systemically effective drugs will be reviewed and illustrated. Drug metabolism in the nasal mucosae and problems associated with intranasal administration of drugs will be also discussed.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.281-287
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• 2017

Background: Various techniques have been introduced to decrease complications during nasotracheal intubation. A common practice is to use nasal packing with a cotton stick and 0.01% epinephrine jelly. However, this procedure can be painful to patients and can damage the nasal mucosa. Xylometazoline spray can induce effective vasoconstriction of the nasal mucosa without direct nasal trauma. In this study, we aimed to compare the efficacy of these two methods. Methods: Patients were randomly allocated into two groups (n = 40 each): xylometazoline spray group or epinephrine packing group. After the induction of general anesthesia, patients allocated to the xylometazoline spray group were treated with xylometazoline spray to induce nasal cavity mucosa vasoconstriction, and the epinephrine packing group was treated with nasal packing with two cotton sticks and 0.01% epinephrine jelly. The number of attempts to insert the endotracheal tube into the nasopharynx, the degree of difficulty during insertion, and bleeding during bronchoscopy were recorded. An anesthesiologist, blinded to the intubation method, estimated the severity of epistaxis 5 min after intubation and postoperative complications. Results: No significant intergroup difference was observed in navigability (P = 0.465). The xylometazoline spray group showed significantly less epistaxis during intubation (P = 0.02). However, no differences were observed in epistaxis 5 min after intubation or postoperative epistaxis (P = 0.201). No inter-group differences were observed in complications related to nasal intubation and nasal pain. Conclusion: Xylometazoline spray is a good alternative to nasal packing for nasal preparation before nasotracheal intubation.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.17-26
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• 1979

This research is to prevent the infection of maternity in the hospital by examining the microbes contaminations in maternity through airbone microbes and those who are engaged in the ward of O.B. ＆ G.Y. and to furnish the basic data available to hospital management. The bacterial growth of airbone microbes contaminations in nosocomial air and who thor the nasal cavity of passers by (doctors, nurses, parturient women) who went to the ward of O.B. ＆ G.Y. contaminated or not were examined in“E”Univ. Hospital from July to August, 1979 by using thioglycollate broths and agar plates. The following results were obtained: 1. The average colony number of airborne microbes revealed as follows the pediatric ward (36 colonies), the internal ward (33 colonies), the ward of O.B. ＆ G.Y. (30 colonies), the ward of surgery (24 colonies), delivery-waiting room (11 colonies), and the delivery room (3 colonies). 2. The bacterial growth beforenoon differed from that of afternoon. Namely, the latter (24 colonies) was higher than the former (21 colonies). 3. The type of strains isolated from the air of the ward revealed staphylococci (82%), Gram negative bacilli (18%), fungi (17%), Gram positive diplococci (13%), and Bacillus subtilis (2.8%). 4. The strains isolated in the delivery-waiting room revealed staphylococci (66.7%), Gram negative bacilli (33.6%), and revealed staphylococci (75%), Gram positive diplococci (8.3%), and fungi (8.3%), in delivery room. 5. Most of strains isolated in the ward of O.B. & G.Y. revealed staphylococci (100.0%), Gram positive diplococci (8.3%), and Gram negative bacilli (6.7%). 6. The strain isolated in the surgical ward revealed staphylococci (91.7%), fungi (33.3%), Gram positive diplococci (25%), Gram negative bacilli (25%) and Bacillus subtilis (8.3%). 7. The strain isolated in the pediatric ward revealed staphylococci (75%), fungi (25%), Gram positive diplococci (8.3%), Bacillus subtilis (8.3%), and Gram negative bacilli (8.3%). 8. The strain isolated in the internal ward revealed staphylococci (91.7%), fungi (33.3%), Gram positive diplococci (25%), and negative bacilli (16.7%). The strains isolated from the nasal cavity of those doctors and nurses who and enaged in the ward of O.B. & G.Y. revealed staphylococci (80%), Bacillus subtilis (10%), and Gram negative bacilli (10%), from doctors and Gram positive diplococci (10%), instead of Gram negative bacilli (10％), from nurses. 10. The strain isolated from nasal cavity of parturient women on admission revealed staphylococci (90%), and Gram negative bacilli (10%), but after admission revealed staphylococci (70％), Gram positive diplococci (10%), and Gram negative bacilli (10%). 11. Of the total 91 staphylococci isolated from the air of the ward, the Coagulase pastive was 36 (39.6%), and the negative 55 (60.4%), As a result of the coagulase experiment of the staphylococci isolated from the nasal cavity of those who are engaged in the ward of O.B. ＆ G.Y. all were revealed as negative that belonged to non-pathogenic. 12. Consequence of the biochemic examination of the gram negative bacilli isolated from the air of the ward the aerobacter aerogens revealed was (16.7%) E-coli 5％ in the nasal cavity of those came and went to the of O.B. ＆ G.Y. and Aerobacter aerogens 7.5%.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제59권sup1호
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• pp.92-95
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• 2016

Neuroblastomas are sometimes associated with abnormal constitutional karyotypes, but the XYY karyotype has been rarely described in neuroblastomas. Here, we report a case of an esthesioneuroblastoma in a boy with a 47, XYY karyotype. A 6-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital because of nasal obstruction and palpable cervical lymph node, which he first noticed several days previously. A polypoid mass in the right nasal cavity was detected through sinuscopy. Biopsy of the right nasal polyp was performed. Based on the result, the patient was diagnosed with a high-grade esthesioneuroblastoma. Nuclear imaging revealed increased uptake in both the right posterior nasal cavity and the right cervical IB-II space, suggesting metastatic lymph nodes. Cytogenetic analysis revealed a 47, XYY karyotype. Twelve courses of concurrent chemotherapy were administered. Three years after the completion of chemotherapy, the patient had had no disease recurrence. He manifested behavioral violence and temper tantrums, so we started methylphenidate for correction of the behavior.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.203-211
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• 2015

Trichloroacetonitrile is used as an intermediate in insecticides, pesticides, and dyes. In Korea alone, over 10 tons are used annually. Its oral and dermal toxicity is classified as category 3 according to the globally harmonized system of classification and labelling of chemicals, and it is designated a toxic substance by the Ministry of Environment in Korea. There are no available inhalation toxicity data on trichloroacetonitrile. Thus, the present study performed inhalation tests to provide data for hazard and risk assessments. Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to trichloroacetonitrile at concentrations of 4, 16, or 64 ppm for 6 hour per day 5 days per week for 13 weeks in a repeated study. As a result, salivation, shortness of breath, and wheezing were observed, and their body weights decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in the 16 and 64 ppm groups. All the rats in 64 ppm group were dead or moribund within 4 weeks of the exposure. Some significant changes were observed in blood hematology and serum biochemistry (e.g., prothrombin time, ratio of albumin and globulin, blood urea nitrogen, and triglycerides), but the values were within normal physiological ranges. The major target organs of trichloroacetonitrile were the nasal cavity, trachea, and lungs. The rats exposed to 16 ppm showed moderate histopathological changes in the transitional epithelium and olfactory epithelium of the nasal cavity. Nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) and respiratory epithelium were also changed. Respiratory lesions were common in the dead rats that had been exposed to the 64 ppm concentration. The dead animals also showed loss of cilia in the trachea, pneumonitis in the lung, and epithelial hyperplasia in the bronchi and bronchioles. In conclusion, the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) was estimated to be 4 ppm. The main target organs of trichloroacetonitrile were the nasal cavity, trachea, and lungs.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.46-53
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• 2001

The prevalence of supernumerary teeth is between $1{\sim}3%$. Of these, $90{\sim}98%$ occur in the maxilla with particular predilection for the premaxilla, preceded by mandibular third premolars, mandibular forth molars and maxillary paramolars. The most common ones occur in the maxillary anterior region, they may occur singly between the central incisors(mesiodens), or they may be double(mesiodentes). Maxillary anterior supernumeraries may erupt into the oral cavity or remain unerupted. It is found that approximately 25% are erupted, while the rest are unerupted. They are usually a small tooth with a cone-shaped crown and a short root. They may cause delayed eruption, median diastema, bodily displacement or rotation of the adjacent permanent teeth. Occasionally they may lead to the developement of dentigerous cyst or primordial cyst, or eruption into nasal cavity. In this study, 109 supernumeraries surgically extracted from premaxilla in 84 patients are analysed. The results are as follows : 1. Sex distribution of male and female is 2.2 : 1. 2. Almost cases are in pediatric age from 5 to 12 years old (87%). 3. Problems with supernumeraries are tooth malpositon, diastema, delayed eruption, eruption to nasal cavity and cyst formation. 4. Of 109 supernumeraries, 16(15%) are erupted into oral cavity, 92(84%) are impacted, and 1(1%) is erupted into nasal cavity. 5. Of 84 patients, 59(70%) have one supernumeray while 25(30%) have two supernumeraries. 6. Of 109 supernumeraries, 96(88%) are found within the region of the central incisors. 7. Of 109 supernumeraries, 94(86%) are vertically impacted, 11(10%) are horizontally impacted, 3(3%) are labiopalatally impacted and 1(1%) is impacted in nasal cavity. 8. Of 84 patients, we used palatal flap in 67(80%), labial flap in 6(7%), both flaps in 4(5%) and no flap in 7(8%). And incisive nerve was cut in 33(49%) of 67 palatal flaps. 9. Extration with ostectomy was done in 72 supernumeraries(66%), without ostectomy in 37 teeth(34%). 10. Extraction with tooth sectioning was done in 21 supernumeraries(19%), without tooth sectioning was done in 88 teeth(81%). 11. We used local anesthesia in 70 patients(83%) and general anesthesia in 14 ones(17%).

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.353-358
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• 2012

논문은 지식기반의 음성인식 시스템에서 비음 위치를 검출하기 위한 음향음성학적 파라미터를 제시하였다. 음향음성학적 파라미터는 앞선 연구자들의 연구내용을 토대로 비강을 통해 음성이 발성될 때 나타나는 특징을 기반으로 하여 선별하였다. 선별된 파라미터들은 대역별 에너지 비율, 대역별 에너지의 차이, 포먼트 그리고 포먼트의 차이로써, 비음 위치에 따라 변화하는 조음기관의 영향을 잘 나타내 주었다. 이러한 음향음성학 파라미터를 이용하여 비음을 순비음(/m/), 치경비음(/n/), 그리고 연구개비음(/ng/)으로 나누는 실험을 진행하였고, TIMIT 데이터베이스로 실험하였을 때 57.5%의 검출률을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.67-71
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• 2009

A 10-year old female Yorkshire terrier with nasal discharge and swelling was referred to the local animal hospital. Abnormal mass of right nasal cavity was detected in physical examination and radiography. According to the radiographs of the head, there was an evidence of bony destruction in right nose. Oronasal fistula was detected in right maxillary canine teeth. After surgical excision, the sample of nasal mass was refereed to Pathology Department of Veterinary Medicine in Jeju National University. Grossly, the enlarged mass was soft and 3 ${\times}$ 3 cm in size. Histopathologically, the neoplastic mass was composed of tubular to tubulopapillary structures which were lined by single to 6~7 layers of cuboidal to ciliated columnar cells. These neoplastic cells showed invasive tendency to adjacent normal parenchyma. They had uniform, round to oval nuclei, cytoplasm with small vacuoles and indistinct cellular margin. The number of mitotic figures was varied in different areas, ranged from 0 to 4 per high power field. Necrotic foci and infiltration of inflammatory cells including neutrophils, lymphocytes, and plasma cells also presented in the mass. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells demonstrated strong positive reaction for cytokeratin (CK) 18 but were negative for CK 7 and 8. Based on the gross, histopathology and immunohistochemistry, this mass was diagnosed as nasal adenocarcinoma originated from respiratory epithelium.