• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제12권1_2호
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• pp.359-365
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• 2003

Given vectors x and y in a Hilbert space, an interpolating operator is a bounded operator T such that Tx = y. In this article, we investigate invertible interpolation problems in CSL-Algebra AlgL : Let L be a commutative subspace lattice on a Hilbert space H and x and y be vectors in H. When does there exist an invertible operator A in AlgL suth that An = ㅛ?

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제11권1_2호
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• pp.341-355
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• 2003

The fuzzification of ${\bigotimes}-closed$ set is considered, and its basic properties we investigated. Characterizations of fuazzy ${\bigotimes}-closed$ set we given. Using a collection of ${\bigotimes}-closed$ sets with additional conditions, a fuzzy ${\bigotimes}-closed$ set is stated. The theory of fuzzy topological ${\bigotimes}-closed$ sets is discussed.

• 한국자기학회:학술대회 개요집
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• 한국자기학회 2002년도 동계연구발표회 논문개요집
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• pp.42-43
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• 2002

Spintronics is a rapidly expanding research area because of recent developments in the physics of spin-dependent phenomena. For use as spintronic materials, dilute magnetic semiconductors (DMS) are of considerable interest as spin injectors for spintronic devices.$^{[1]}$ Many researchers have studied DMS, in which transition metal atoms are introduced into the lattice, thus inserting local magnetic moments into the lattice. (omitted)

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.507-512
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• 2003

The LiN $i_{l-y}$ $Co_{y}$ $O_2$ samples were synthesized at 80$0^{\circ}C$ and 85$0^{\circ}C$, by the solid-state reaction method, from the various starting materials LiOH, L $i_2$C $O_3$, NiO, NiC $O_3$, $Co_3$ $O_4$, CoC $O_3$, and their electrochemical properties are investigated. The LiN $i_{l-y}$ $Co_{y}$ $O_2$ pre-pared from L $i_2$C $O_3$, NiO, and $Co_3$ $O_4$ exhibited the $\alpha$-NaFe $O_2$ structure of the rhombohedral system (space group; R3m). As the Co content increased, the lattice parameters a and c decreased. The reason is that the radius of Co ion is smaller than that of Ni ion. The increase in da shows that two-dimensional structure develops better as the Co content increases. The LiN $i_{0.7}$ $Co_{03}$. $O_2$［HOO(800,0.3)] synthesized at 80$0^{\circ}C$from LiOH, NiO, and $Co_3$ $O_4$ exhibited the largest first discharge capacity 162 mAh/g. The size of particles increases roughly as the valve of y increases. The samples with the larger particles have the larger first discharge capacities. The cycling performances of the samples with the first discharge capacity larger than 150 mAh/g were investigated. The LiN $i_{0.9}$ $Co_{0.1}$ $O_2$［COO(850,0.1)］ synthesized at 85$0^{\circ}C$ from L $i_2$C $O_3$, NiO, and $Co_3$ $O_4$ showed an excellent cycling performance. The sample with the larger first discharge capacity will be under the more severe lattice destruction, due to the expansion and contraction of the lattice during intercalation and deintercalation, than the sample with the smaller first discharge capacity. As the first discharge capacity increases, the capacity fading rate thus increases.increases.s.s.s.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.473-478
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• 2006

The coherent interface energies and misfit strain energies of Fe/XN (X=Ti, Zr, Hf) systems were calculated by first principles method. The interface energies in Fe/TiN, Fe/ZrN and Fe/HfN systems were 0.343, 0.114, and 0.030 $J/m^2$, respectively. Influence of bond energy was estimated using the discrete lattice plane/nearest neighbor broken bond(DLP/NNBB) model. It was found that the dependence of interface energy on the type of nitride was closely related to changes of the bond energies between Fe, X and N atoms before and after formation of the Fe/XN interfaces. The misfit strain energies in Fe/TiN, Fe/ZrN, and Fe/HfN systems were 0.239, 1.229, and 0.955 eV per 16 atoms(Fe; 8 atoms and XN; 8 atoms). More misfit strain energy was generated as the difference of lattice parameters between the bulk Fe and the bulk XNs increased.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈B:순수및응용수학
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.161-166
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• 2007

Given operators X and Y acting on a Hilbert space H, an interpolating operator is a bounded operator A such that AX = Y. An interpolating operator for n-operators satisfies the equation $AX_i=Y_i$, for i = 1,2,...,n. In this article, we showed the following: Let L, be a subspace lattice on a Hilbert space H and let X and Y be operators in B(H). Then the following are equivalent: (1) $$sup\{\frac{{\parallel}E^{\bot}Yf{\parallel}}{{\overline}{\parallel}E^{\bot}Xf{\parallel}}\;:\;f{\epsilon}H,\;E{\epsilon}L}\}\;<\;{\infty},\;sup\{\frac{{\parallel}Xf{\parallel}}{{\overline}{\parallel}Yf{\parallel}}\;:\;f{\epsilon}H\}\;<\;{\infty}$$ and $\bar{range\;X}=H=\bar{range\;Y}$. (2) There exists an invertible operator A in AlgL such that AX=Y.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.525-538
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• 2023

This paper focuses on the energy absorption of lattice core sandwich structures of different configurations. The diamond lattice unit cell, which has been extensively investigated for energy absorption applications, is the starting point for this research. The energy absorption behaviour of sandwich structures with an expanded metal sheet as the core is investigated at low-velocity impact loading. Numerical simulations were carried out using ABAQUS/EXPLICIT and the results were thoroughly compared with the experimental results, which indicated desirable accuracy. A parametric analysis, using a Box-Behnken design (BBD), as a method for the design of experiments (DOE), was performed. The samples fabricated in three levels of parameters include 0.081, 0.145, and 0.562 mm² Cell sizes, and 0, 45, and 90-degree cell orientation, which were investigated. It was observed from experimental data that the angle of cells orientation had the highest degree of influence on the specific energy absorption. The results showed that the angle of cells orientation has been the most influential parameter to increase the peak forces. The results from using the design expert software showed the optimal specific energy absorption and peak force to be 1786 J/kg and 26314.4 N, respectively. The obtained R2 values and normal probability plots indicated a good agreement between the experimental results and those predicted by the model.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제17권1_2_3호
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• pp.633-641
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• 2005

We investigate the relationship between fuzzy $\sigma$-ideals and fuzzy congruence on a distributive $\sigma$-lattice and obtain some useful results.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.159-163
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• 2010

스컬용융법으로 큐빅지르코니아(YSZ) 단결정들($ZrO_2:Y_2O_3:Co_3O_4:CeO_2$=64:36:0.5:0~0.3mol%)을 성장시켜 $N_2$ 분위기 $1200^{\circ}C$에서 3시간 동안 열처리 하였다. 갈색의 단결정들은 각각 녹색 또는 청색으로 변화되었다. 열처리 전 후의 YSZ 단결정들은 직경 7, 두께 2 mm의 웨이퍼 또는 직경 12 mm의 라운드브릴리언트 컷으로 연마 하였다. 각 시편의 광학적 또는 구조적 특성은 UV-VIS 분광광도계와 XRD(X-ray diffraction)로 분석하였으며, $Ce^{3+}(^2F_{5/2},\;_{7/2}(4f){\rightarrow}^2T_g(5d^1))$, $Co^{2+}(^4A_2(^4F){\rightarrow}^4T_1(^4F)$ 또는 $^4T_1(^4P)$) 및 $Co^{3+}$에 의한 흡수, 이온화에너지 및 격자상수 변화를 확인하였다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.378.1-378.1
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• 2014

In this study, we investigated that the resistance switching characteristics of Nb-doped HfO2 films with increasing Nb doping concentration. The Nb-doped HfO2 based ReRAM devices with a TiN/Nb-doped HfO2/Pt/Ti/SiO2 were fabricated on Si substrates. The Nb-doped HfO2 films were deposited by reactive dc magnetron co-sputtering at $300^{\circ}C$ and oxygen partial ratio of 60% (Ar: 16sccm, O2: 24sccm). Microstructure of Nb-doped HfO2 films and atomic concentration were investigated by XRD, TEM, and XPS, respectively. The Nb-doped HfO2 films showed set/reset resistance switching behavior at various Nb doping concentrations. The process voltage of forming/set is decreased and whereas the initial current level is increased in doped HfO2 films. However, the switching properties of Nb-doped HfO2 were changed above the specific doping concentration of Nb. The change of resistance switching behavior depending on doping concentration was discussed in terms of concentration of non-lattice oxygen and micro-structure of Nb-doped HfO2.