• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.20-24
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• 2012

Denitrification rate was determined for various freshwater wetland types in the Mississippi River Coastal delta plain. Site 1 and 4 were collected from forested-tupelo dominated wetland, and site 2 and 3 were from floating emergent marsh. The maximum $N_2O$ emission was $7.47mg\;N\;m^{-2}$ for site 1 at day 6 after the addition of nitrate, $6.96mg\;N\;m^{-2}$ for site 2 at day 4, $6.63mg\;N\;m^{-2}$ for site 3 at day 3, and $9.64mg\;N\;m^{-2}$ for site 4 at day 4. The denitrification rate was determined using the acetylene inhibition method $1.24mg\;N\;m^{-2}d^{-1}$ for site 1, $1.93mg\;N\;m^{-2}d^{-1}$ for site 2, $2.24mg\;N\;m^{-2}d^{-1}$ for site 3, and $2.78mg\;N\;m^{-2}d^{-1}$ for site 4. The maximum denitrification rate was in the order of site 4 > site 3 > site 2 > site 1.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 2001

From August 2000 to August 2001, 9 variables of physicochemical factors and phytase activity were investigated at 4 sites in the River Yungpyung and the influences of Physicochemical factors to Phytase activity were analyzed. Phytase activities of Site 1, Site 2, Site 3, and Site 4 varied between N.D ∼566 nmol/ ι /hr, N.D \" 434 nmol/ ι /hr, N.D ∼557 nmol/ ι /hr, and N.D ∼723 nmol/ ι /hr, respectively. The activities of summer season were higher than those of other season. But the activities were not detected on the winter season. The phytase activity and temperature showed high correlation. The correlation coefficients of Site 1, Site 2, Site 3, and Site 4 were 0.82(p<0.01).0.92(p<0.01),0.87(p<0.01), and 0.88(p<0.01), respectively. The phytase activity and NOI₃/sup -/ ion showed negative relation(r=-0.59, p<0.05) at Site 1. And the phytase activity had relation with Zn/sup 2+/at Site 2(r=().57, p<0.05) and Site 3(r=0.7E, p<7.07).

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.225-230
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• 2004

The impact of slash and burning on microbial biomass C, N and P in soils of semi-evergreen tropical deciduous forest were studied from February 1999 to January 2000. The experimental sites were located near Moreh town in the Chandel district of Manipur state (India) along the Indo-Myanmar border between 23° 49' N-24°28'N latitude and 93°45'E-94°16'E longitude. Microbial biomass C ranged from 319.50 ㎍ g/sup -1/ 905.50㎍ g/sup -1/ in the slash and burnt site and from 209.50 ㎍ g/sup -1/ to 708.80 ㎍ g/sup -1/ soil in the forest site. Microbial N ranged from 19.30 ㎍ g/sup -1/ to 99.45 ㎍ g/sup -1/ in the slash and burnt site and from 16.08㎍ g/sup -1/ to 88.90 ㎍ g/sup -1/ in the forest site. Microbial P varied from 10.90 ㎍ g/sup -1/ to 32.21 ㎍ g/sup -1/ in the slash and burnt site and from 2.50 ㎍ g/sup -1/ to 17.60 ㎍ g/sup -1/ in the forest site in different months throughout the year. Microbial biomass C, N and P were recorded to be higher in the slash and burnt site compared to the forest site The conversion of forest into slash and burnt site for agriculture - the traditional shilling cultivation practiced by tribal people in the north- eastern India leads to addition of large amount of organic matter in the soil thereby exhibiting higher values of microbial biomass C, N and P in the recent slash and burnt site than that of the forest site. Relationship between the soil moisture, soil organic C and microbial biomass C, N and P were found to be correlated significantly in both the sites.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.343-350
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• 2001

The neutralization epitopes of the outer capsid protein VP4 of a porcine rotavirus, Gottfried strain, were studied using neutralizing monocolonal antibodies(N-MAbs). Eight N-MAbs which are specific for the VP4 of Gottfried strain were used for analyzing the antigenic sites of VP4. Three different approaches were used for this analysis; i)testing the serological reactivity of each N-MAb against different G and P types of human and animal rotavirusese ii) analyzing N-MAb-resistant viral escape mutants and iii) performing nucleotide sequence analysis of the VP4 gene of each N-MAb-resistant viral escape mutant. From experimental results, at least four antigenic sites(I, II, III, and IV) were identified. Antigenic site I recognized by N-MAbs 24B9, 23G10, and 26A2 was separated from antigenic site II recognized by N-MAbs 30H5, 32B3, and 29B3. However, these antigenic sites were overlapped with antigenic site III recognized by N-MAb 21A1. The other antigenic site IV recognized by N-MAb 16D2 was separated from antigenic sites I, II, and III.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.192-195
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• 2007

Structural and electronic properties of bulk GaN with nitrogen vacancy($V_N$), oxygen substitution on nitrogen site($O_N$), and complex of nitrogen vacancy and oxygen substitution on nitrogen site($V_N-O_N$) were investigated using the first principle calculations. It was found that stability of defect formation is dependent on the epilayer growth conditions. The complex of $V_N-O_N$ is energetically the most favorable state in a condition of Ga-rich, however, oxygen substitution in nitrogen site is the most favorable state in N-rich condition. The electronic property of complex with negative charge states at $\Gamma$ point was changed from semiconductor to metal. On the contrary, the properties of nitrogen vacancy except for neutral charge state have shown the semiconductor characteristics at $\Gamma$ point. In the oxygen substitution on nitrogen site, the energy differences between conduction band minimum and Fermi level were smaller than that of defect-free GaN.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.63-71
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• 2001

PM 2.5/ samples were measured at two sites, Hadan(suburban site) and Anrak (roadside site) in Busan area. PM 2.5/ sampling was performed for 24-hour intervals by the FH9.5 particulate sampler. Aerosol samples were collected on PTFE filter. A total of 60 particulate samples were collected, dad samples were measured for Particulate mass concentration, metallic elements (Cr, Mn, Ni. Cu. Se, Fe, Pb, and Zn) and waer-soluble elements (C $l^{[-10]}$ , N $O_{3}$$^{[-10]}$ ,S $O_{4}$$^{2-}$, N $H_{4}$$^{+}$, $Ca_{2}$$^{+}$, $Mg_{2}$$^{+}$ and $^{+}$.Mass concentration in Hadan ranged 24.23~57.12 $\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥ and 60.22~72.12 $\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥m Yellow Sand Events. Major cations in Hadan and Anrak site is N $H_{4}$$^{+}$and N $a^{+}$ respectively. SO42$^{[-10]}$ was the abundant specie in the PM 2.5 fraction for Hadan site an dAnrak site. Hadan site showed igher concentration in S $O_{4}$$^{2.1}$ and N $H_{4}$ $^{+}$ In Anrak site the concentration of S $O_{4}$/sip 2-/and N $a^{+}$ was higher than other ions Prominent metallic elements were Fe and Pb in two sites. Principal component analysis showed that main source of PM 2.5 aerosol particles was non-metal related source which was resulted in relating elements as Cr, Ni, and Pb at Hadan site, Anrak site also has resulted PM2.5 aerosol paricles source, which was related its element like Zn, and Ni,. The SAS package analysis also showed that long-range transport effect at Hadan area due to Yellow Sand Event by the prevailing weaterlies.ling weaterlies.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.346-352
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• 2008

Eu sites and the effect of Mg codoping were investigated in Eu-implanted GaN films. Photoluminescence (PL) and PL excitation spectroscopies were performed on 620nm $^5D_0\;{\rightarrow}\;^7F_2$ Eu ionic level transition and revealed the existence of 4 different Eu sites including the known 2 sites. PL intensity from one of the sites increased by a factor of 1.6 by the Mg-codoping. The enhancement of PL by Mg-codoping was less pronounced than Er- and Nd-implanted GaN, in which the trap-mediated energy transfer dominates. In GaN:Eu the above-gap excitation transfers the energy directly to the Mg related Eu site.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institutes of Information Security and Cryptology Conference
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• 1992.11a
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• pp.71-80
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• 1992

본 논문에서는 시스템내의 모든 site들에게 분산되어 있는 정보들을 수렴하여 일치를 이루고, 그 결과를 모든 site들이 알도록 하는 다중 일치 알고리즘을 위한 효과적인 통신 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 분산 시스템에 참여하는computer또는 site들의 수를 N이라 할 때, O($N_2$)의 message를 필요로 하면서 한round안에 일치를 이룰 수 있는 알고리즘은 message의 수가 너무 많다는 것이 단점이다. 이에 본 논문에서는 Finite Projective Planes를 이용하여 message의 수를 줄이면서 두 round안에 일치를 이룰 수 있는 통신 방법을 제안한다. 이때, 각round마다 필요한 message의 수는 O(N√N)이다. 또한, 이 통신 방법에서 이용되는 Finite Projective Planes을 구축하는 알고리즘을 제안하고자 한다.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.196-201
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• 2018

Soil is the main nitrogen (N) provider for plants but N in soil is not all available to advanced plants. Mineralization is a critical biological process for transferring organic N to inorganic N that can be used by plants directly. To investigate the effect of different levels of soil temperature and water content to soil mineralization, a field experiment was established on three different sites (A, B and C). We measured soil temperature, moisture and electrical conductivity once daily after swine slurry application. Average soil moisture and temperature in site A is the highest among three sites (40.9% and $9.7^{\circ}C$, respectively). Following is in site C (37.3% and $9.6^{\circ}C$) and the lowest is in site B (28.0% and $9.0^{\circ}C$). Ammonium N (NH4+-N) and nitrate N (NO3--N) were determined on the first and fifth day after treatment. Compared with site B and C, site A always had the highest soil total N content (1.54 g N kg-1 on day one; 1.22 g N kg-1 on day five) and highest NO3-- N content (93.18 mg N kg-1 on day one; 16.22 mg N kg-1 on day five) and a significant decrease on day five. Content of NH4+-N in site B and C reduced while in site A, it increased by 6.7%. Results revealed that net N mineralization positively correlated with soil temperature (P<0.5, $r=0.675^*$) and moisture (P<0.01, $r=0.770^{**}$), suggesting that to some extent, higher soil moisture and temperature contribute more to inorganic N that can be used by plants.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2007

The Hantaan virus (HTNV) is an enveloped virus that is capable of inducing low pH-dependent cell fusion. We molecularly cloned the viral glycoprotein (GP) and nucleocapsid (NP) cDNA of HTNV and expressed them in Vero E6 cells under the control of a CMV promoter. The viral gene expression was assessed using an indirect immunofluorescence assay and immunoprecipitation. The transfected Vero E6 cells expressing GPs, but not those expressing NP, fused and formed a syncytium following exposure to a low pH. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against envelope GPs inhibited cell fusion, whereas MAbs against NP did not. We also investigated the N-linked glycosylation of HTNV GPs and its role in cell fusion. The envelope GPs of HTNV are modified by N-linked glycosylation at five sites: four sites on G1 (N134, N235, N347, and N399) and one site on G2 (N928). Site-directed mutagenesis was used to construct eight GP gene mutants, including five single N-glycosylation site mutants and three double-site mutants, which were then expressed in Vero E6 cells. The oligosaccharide chain on residue N928 of G2 was found to be crucial for cell fusion after exposure to a low pH. These results suggest that G2 is likely to be the fusion protein of HTNV.