• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.233-245
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• 2008

Multiple Myeloma is malignant tumor that malignant proliferous plasma cell to originate from bone marrow invades bone multiply. Objectives : Therapy for Multiple Myeloma includes chemotherapy, radiation therapy and self-stem cell transplantation, but it has no effect for a majority of Multiple Myeloma patients. So we diagnosed it as Wei symptom, oliguria, or dysuria(遺尿) in Oriental medicine, and treated it using the Oriental medical system. Methods : The patient was treated using acupuncture, electroacupuncture, herbal acupuncture treatment, moxibustion, physical treatment and western medicine. We observed 12 kinds of symptoms in the patient when admitted to the hospital. Results : 1. Paraplegia, urination desire, voluntary urination, and other symptoms improved except for a period of complication. 2. Defecation desire, sensory disturbance of the body and lower extremities, self-made changes, maintenance of body posture, and other symptoms improved during admitting days. 3. Voluntary defecation, pains of the neck and lower extremities, and other symptoms had irregular changes during admitting days. Conclusions : This study demonstrates the necessity of having more clinical study about Mutiple Myeloma.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.482-485
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• 2013

Plasmacytoma is a plasma cell neoplasm that locally infiltrates a bone or spreads to extramedullary areas. A new World Health Organization criterion defines solitary plasmacytoma of bone as a localized bone tumor consisting of plasma cells identical to those seen in plasma cell myeloma, which is manifested as a solitary osteolytic lesion in a radiological evaluation. Primary tumors of the sternum are generally malignant, and solitary plasmacytomas of the sternum are very rare tumors. We present herein the case of a patient who had a primary sternal tumor with solitary plasmacytoma and no evidence of multiple myeloma.

• 치과방사선
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.173-177
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• 1994

Multiple myeloma is a malignant plasma cell tumor that is thought to originate proliferation of a single clone of abnormal plasma cell resulting production of a whole monoclonal paraprotein. The authors experienced a case of multiple myeloma with severe mandibular osteolytic lesions in 46-year-old female. As a result of careful analysis of clinical, radiological, histopathological features, and laboratory findings, we diagnosed it as multiple myeloma, and the following results were obtained ; 1. Main clinical symptoms were intermittent dull pain on the mandibular body area, abnormal sensation of lip and pain due to the fracture on the right clavicle. 2. Laboratory findings revealed M-spike, reversed serum albumin-globulin ratio, markedly elevated ESR and hypercalcemia. 3. Radiographically, multiple osteolytic punched-out radiolucencies were evident on the skull, zygoma, jaw bones, ribs, clavicle and upper extremities. Enlarged liver and increased uptakes on the lesional sites in RN scan were also observed. 4. Histopathologically, markedly hypercellular marrow with sheets of plasmoblasts and megakaryocytes were also observed.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.107-110
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• 2013

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a common complication of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). However, a similar syndrome has been reported in autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) as well. The target organs of GVHD in ASCT are the skin, liver and gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which are consistent with those in allo-SCT. Histologic findings from the skin and the mucosa of the GI tract also show similar features. Here we describe a case of autologous GVHD involving the skin of a patient who underwent ASCT for multiple myeloma. In this patient, the response to a total prednisone dose of 0.5 mg/kg/day was unsatisfactory, and the patient required more intensive and prolonged immunosuppressive therapy with slow tapering.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.128-137
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• 2006

Background: Apoptosis is a physiologic phenomenon involved in development, elimination of damaged cells, and maintenance of cell homeostasis. Deregulation of apoptosis may cause diseases, such as cancers, immune diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. The mouse myeloma cell P3-X63-Ag8.653 (v653) is an HGPRT deficient $(HGPRT^-)$ mutant strain. High dependency on de novo transcription and translation of aminopterin induced apoptosis of this cell seems to be an ideal experimental system for searching apoptosis-induced genes. Methods & Results: For searching apoptosis-related genes we carried out GE-array (dot blot), Affymetrix GeneChip analysis, Northern analysis and differential display-PCR techniques. The chip data were analyzed with three different programs. 66 genes were selected through Affymetrix GeneChip analyses. All genes selected were classified into 8 groups according to their known functions. They were Genes of 1) Cell growth/maintenance/death/enzyme, 2) Cell cycle, 3) Chaperone, 4) Cancer/disease-related genes, 5) Mitochondria, 6) Membrane protein/signal transduction, 7) Nuclear protein/nucleic acid binding/transcription binding and 8) Translation factor. Among these groups number of genes were the largest in the genes of cell growth/maintenance/death/enzyme. Expression signals of most of all groups were peaked at 3 hour of apoptosis except genes of Nuclear protein/nucleic acid binding/transcription factor which showed maximum signal at 1 hour. Conclusion: This study showed induction of wide range of proapoptotic factors which accelerate cell death at various stage of cell death. In addition apoptosis studied in this research can be classified as a type 2 which involves cytochrome c and caspase 9 especially in early stages of death. But It also has progressed to type 1 in late stage of the death process.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1483-1486
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• 2012

Objective: To determine the characteristics of oligoclonal bands that are frequently detected by serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) and immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) after stem cell transplantation. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 56 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) undergoing transplantation, and standard immunofixation electrophoresis was used to identify and quantify paraproteins. Results: The median follow-up was 35 months (range, 10-76months) and 21 patients relapsed. Twelve (25.0%) demonstrated oligoclonal bands after a median time 1.4 months (range, 1-3months), with a median duration of 5.8 months (range, 1-15months). The majority patients with oligoclonal bands had normal quantities of immunoglobulins and the one year event free survival (EFS) was 92%, even higher than for patients without OBs (P=0.002). Conclusion: Oligoclonal bands frequent develop post-transplantation in MM cases. In the vast majority of patients, they may not represent relapsed disease, and more likely represent a transient phenomenon representing recovery of impaired immunoglobulin production.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.3663-3667
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• 2013

Background: Multiple myeloma is a malignant silent incurable plasma cell disorder. The present study aimed to assessed the activation of the oxidative stress pathway in afected patients Materials and Methods: Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), malondialdehyde (MDA), adenosine deaminase (ADA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels, glutathione, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), ${\alpha}$-tocopherol (vitamin E) in addition to related enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSH-R) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were analyzed in sixty patients with multiple myeloma before and after one month treatment with induction therapy. Results: The results of the study showed a significant elevation in AOPPs, MDA, ADA levels in patients with multiple myeloma before and after treatment in comparison to healthy control samples In contrast TAC glutathione, vitamin C and E, and the antioxidant enzymes levels were decreased significantly. On comparing samples of MM patients after treatment, there was significant increase of TAC glutathione, vitamin C and E, and the antioxidant enzymes in parallel with decreasing AOPPs, MDA and ADA levels in comparison with samples of patients before treatment. Conclusions: The results indicate oxidative stress and DNA damage activity increase in MM and are alleviated in response to therapy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.3605-3610
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• 2016

Background: Histone acetylation in chromatin structures plays a key role in regulation of gene transcription and is strictly controlled by histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and deacetylase (HDAC) activities. HDAC deregulation has been reported in several cancers. Materials and Methods: The expression of 10 HDACs (including HDAC class I and II) was studied by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) in a cohort of mesenchymal stem cells (MM-MSCs) from 10 multiple myeloma patients with a median age 60y. The results were compared with those obtained for normal donors. Then, a coculture system was performed between MM-MSCs and u266 cell line, in the presence or absence of sodium butyrate (NaBT), to understand the effects of HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) in MM-MSCs on multiple myeloma cases. Also, the interleukin-6 (IL-6) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA) gene expression level and apoptotic effects were investigated in MM-MSCs patients and control group following NaBT treatment. Results: The results indicated that upregulated (HDACs) and downregulated (IL6 and VEGFA) genes were differentially expressed in the MM-MSCs derived from patients with multiple myeloma and ND-MSCs from normal donors. Comparison of the MM-MSCs and ND-MSCs also showed distinct HDACs expression patterns. For the first time to our knowledge, a significant increase of apoptosis was observed in coculture with MM-MSCs treated with NaBT. Conclusions: The obtained findings elucidate a complex set of actions in MSCs in response to HDAC inhibitors, which may be responsible for anticancer effects. Also, the data support the idea that MSCs are new therapeutic targets as a potential effective strategy for MM.

• BMB Reports
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• 제48권10호
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• pp.571-576
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• 2015

SB743921 is a potent inhibitor of the spindle protein kinesin and is being investigated in ongoing clinical trials for the treatment of myeloma. However, little is known about the molecular events underlying the induction of cell death in multiple myeloma (MM) by SB743921, alone or in combination treatment. Here, we report that SB743921 induces mitochondria-mediated cell death via inhibition of the $NF-{\kappa}B$ signaling pathway, but does not cause cell cycle arrest in KMS20 MM cells. SB743921-mediated inhibition of the $NF-{\kappa}B$ pathway results in reduced expression of SOD2 and Mcl-1, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. We also found that combination treatment with SB743921 and bortezomib induces death in bortezomib-resistant KMS20 cells. Altogether, these data suggest that treatment with SB743921 alone or in combination with bortezomib offers excellent translational potential and promises to be a novel MM therapy.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.273-278
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• 2016

Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is an aggressive form of multiple myeloma where there is hematogenous spread of abnormal plasma cells into the periphery. This is opposed to multiple myeloma, where the abnormal plasma cells stay in the bone marrow. PCL is more common in males than females, and is also more common in African-Americans than Caucasians. Signs and symptoms of PCL include, but are not limited to, renal insufficiency, hypercalcemia, anemia, lytic bone lesions, thrombocytopenia, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly. Here, we discussed a case of a 71-year-old Caucasian female recently diagnosed with primary PCL with radiographic features of this disease throughout the body, with an emphasis on the maxillofacial skeleton and relevance from a dental standpoint.