• KSBB Journal
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.103-109
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• 2006

For the study of Hericium erinaceum as a useful functional foods and materials, liquid cultivation under two different bioreactors(air-lift fermenter and jar fermenter) which was not studied systematically until now, was conducted as a method of mass cultivation for H. erinaceum. A batch cultivation in an air-lift fermenter and a jar fermenter was examined for enhancing the productivity because of small amounts of mycelial weight and slow growth in case of a liquid culture for H. erinaceum. We found that air lift fermenter system was more effective than jar fermenter for mycelial production of H. erinaceum, and mycelial morphology was a critical factor of the growth. By scale-up and cultivation based on morphological analysis, the conditions for mass production with 30 L and 500 L jar fermenter was 200 and 150 rpm of agitation speed at 1 vvm of aeration rate, respectively, and mycelial dry weight under these conditions was enhanced to about $13{\sim}14g/L$.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.106-110
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• 2005

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum attacks most of the vegetable crops in the Jordan valley. Twenty-five samples/isolates were obtained in a complete coverage of that region. They were characterized for their mycelium incompatibility, and specific gene amplified using the primer SSREV/SSFWD. All isolates gave similar single band around 278 bp. Thirteen isolates were completely incompatible with the other 12 ones. The latter ones fell into four subgroups of mycelium incompatibility. RAPD analysis using three primers (OPA-2, OPA-10, and OPA-18) clustered the 25 isolates into subgroups in agreement with their morphological separation, indicating close correlation between amplified gene(s) and the gene(s) of incompatibility. All highly virulent isolates were among the group of 13, indicating a well established genomic type pathogen in this region.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.382-385
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• 2001

The effect of agitation speed on the production of mycelial growth and exo-biopolymer in bioreaetor culture was investigated. The maximum production of mycelia and exo-biopolymer was obtained at 350 rpm, where the maximum concentrations of mycelial growth and exo-biopolymer were 62 g/L and 23 g/L, respectively. The effect of agitation speed on the hyphal length and the number of tips was examined. The hyphal length and the number of tips of Cordyceps sinensis 16 in bioreaetor culture at 350 rpm were increased up to 660 ${\mu}m$ and 14/ml, respectively.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.193-199
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• 1991

The effects of pH on the cell growth, the elaboration of pullulan, and the morphology of Aureobasidium pullulans IFO 4464 were examined. A. pulluans grew in yeast-like form at constant pH7.5 and in mycelial form at constant pH2.5. At the both pH conditions, the elaboration of pullulan was very low, about 6.0~6.5g/l. The mixture of yeast-like form and mycelial form of cells was found at the constant pH4.5, at which condition, the elaboration of pullulan was high, about 24.5g/l. The pH shift experimemts showed that the specific production rates of pullulan were 0.048($hr^{-1}$)for the mycelial form and 0.058($hr^{-1}$)for the yeast like form, which indicated that the yeast-like form has the similar, only slightly higher, biosynthetic activity of pullulan to the mycelial form at pH4.5 and the pH of culture broth is more important factor for the elaboration of pullulan than the morphology of A. pullulans.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.27 no.1 s.88
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• pp.1-9
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• 1999

For the practical using of liquid spawn we carried out selection test of nutrient sources, cultural methods and cultural apparatus for liquid spawn production of oyster mushroom(ASTI 2001, ASTI 2018, ASTI 2072, ASTI 2016, ASTI 2070, ASTI 2180, ASTI 2183, ASTI 2042). The optimal temperature and pH range for mycelial growth of Pleurotus species were $25^{\circ}C\;to\;30^{\circ}C$ and 5.5 to 6.5, respectively. The effect of carbon sources, nitrogen sources and mineral salts on the mycelial growth was studied using petridish culture. Generally, the disaccharides and polysaccharides showed good effect for mycelial growth of Pleurotus species, and the polysaccharides were superior to the other classes of carbon sources for mycelial growth. For the mycelial growth of the 8 oyster mushroom stains, soybean flour was superior to the other kinds of nitrogen sources. On the other hand, addition of mineral salts did not affect, and even poor under certain mineral salts, the mycelial growth of the 8 oyster mushroom stains. The brown sugar selected out the carbon source of the agricultural medium. Also the soybean flour selected out the nitrogen source of agricultural medium. In the medium selection, we selected out agricultural optimum medium composed of brown sugar 3%, soybean flour 0.3%, potassium phosphate 0.05%, magnesium sulfate 0.05%. Under the 250 ml erlenmeyer culture, the effects of such factors as the inoculum rate, the working volume, cultural method and flask shapes on the mycelial growth were examined. The optimal inoculum rate and working volume on the mycelial growth of oyster mushroom was 2 mycelial disk (diameter 6 mm) and 100 ml, respectively. The shake flask culture was enhanced the mycelial growth than at the erlenmeyer flask. Pulp form growth of mycelium in the erlenmeyer flask culture was obtained in the culture with glass rod of length 50 mm, diameter 10 mm.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.375-380
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• 1975

Effects of light on mycelial growth. pigmentation and sclerotial production of Corticium sasakii were investigated on rice polish agar at $29^{\circ}C=1$. 1) In both isolates. D-3 and D-15. light had no affect on the mycelial growth of C. sasakii. Isolate D-15 did not produce a brown pigment within its mycelium and culture medium in all treatments. but isolate D-3 were more intensively pigmented in light than in darkness. 2) Effect of light on sclerotial production of C. sasakii was different between two isolates. Isolate D-3 produced the most sclerotia in constant light, intermediate in alternating light and darkness and the least in constant darkness. 3) Isolate D-15 produced a little more sclerotia in light than in darkness, but the differences were not statistically significant. However, this isolate produced a larger number of big sclerotia in constant darkness than in constant light and in alternating light and darkness.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.117-121
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• 2011

To produce the functional food materials, 50 kinds of the mycelial extracts from edible mushroom were examined for anticoagulant activity and Phellinus linteus showed the highest activity through the activated partial thromboplastin test (aPTT). The maximum production of anticoagulant activity and the mycelial growth was observed in culture medium containing soluble starch 3.0%, peptone 0.1%, $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O^{\circ}C$ 0.1%, $K_2HPO_4$ 0.1% and in the culture conditions controlled at initial pH 7.0, $30^{\circ}C$ and 150 rpm by the rotary shaker. In addition, the maximum production of mycelial dry weight was 7.5 mg/mL after 10 days under the optimal conditions, and anticoagulant activity was reached to 390 sec in 5 L-jar fermentor.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.187-191
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• 2003

Armillaria mellea, honey mushroom is well known as a symbiotic fungus with Gastodia elata, The mycelial yields of the fungus were compared when cultured with various broth media. The highest yield of cell mass, 2.31 g dry weight/50mL, was obtained on germinated-malt extract broth (GMEB). The optimal broth concentration which was measured hand refractometer for mycelium production was $15\;Brix^{\circ}$. The optimal conditions estimated with response surface methodology under temperature, pH and incubation period were $25.9^{\circ}C$, pH 5.72, 15.22 days, respectively, on GMEB having $15\;Brix^{\circ}$ concentration for mycelial production of A. mellea.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.140-143
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• 2005

This study was concerned with the optimization of liquid culture conditions for mycelial growth and polysaccharide production and its physicochemical properties in Cordyceps militaris. The one factor at a time method was adopted to investigate the effects of medium composition, environmental factors and C/N ratio. Among the these varialbles, glucose 80g/L, yeast extract 10g/L, $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_{2}O\;0.5g/L$, $KH_{2}PO_4\;0.5g/L$ were proved to be the most suitable carbon, nitrogen, and mineral sources, respectively. The optimal temperature, initial pH, working volume were identified to be $24^{\circ}C$, 7.0 and 100ml, respectively. Under the optimal conditions, the strategies in shake flask culture and 5L jar fermentor led to mycelial growth of 29.43 g/L, 28.88g/L and polysaccharide production of 2.53g/L, 6.38 g/L, respectively. Among the phisicochemical properties, relative concentrations(w/v) of total sugar, uronic acid, protein and hexoseamine were identified to be 74.07%, 1.13%, 0.91%, and 0.46%, respectively. The fraction of neutral and acidic polysaccharide were identified to be 81.9% and 18.1%, respectively.

• Mycobiology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.178-182
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• 2008

In order to increase the mycelial production of Phellinus linteus, which exhibits potent anticancer activity, some ingredients of the medium used to culture P. linteus were investigated. The optimal medium composition for the production of Phellinus linteus was determined to be as follows: fructose, 40 g/l; yeast extract, 20 g/l; $K_2HPO_4$, 0.46 g/l; $K_2HPO_4$, 1.00 g/l; M$MgSO_4\cdot7H_2SO$, 0.50 g/l; $FeCl_2\cdot6_2O$, 0.01 g/l; $MnCl_2\cdot4H_2O$, 0.036 g/l; $ZnCl_2$, 0.03 g/l; and $SuSO_4\cdot7H_2O$, 0.005 g/l. The optimal culture conditions were determined to be as follows: temperature, 28$^{\circ}C$; initial pH, 5.5; aeration, 0.6 vvm; and agitation, 100 rpm, respectively. Under optimal composition and conditions, the maximum mycelial biomass achieved in a 5 l jar fermentor was 29.9 g/l.