• 제목/요약/키워드: mycelial production

검색결과 382건 처리시간 0.027초

잿빛만가닥버섯(Lyophyllum decastes)의 발효톱밥에 의한 인공재배 특성에 관한 연구 (Development on Artificial Cultivation method of Hatakeshimeji (Lyophyllum decastes) using fermented sawdust substrate)

  • 우성미;박용환;유영복;신평균;장갑열;이강효;성재모
    • 한국버섯학회지
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    • 제7권4호
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    • pp.156-162
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    • 2009
  • 잿빛만가닥버섯의 인공재배법을 개발하고자 국내 외에서 수집한 균주의 균사배양 특성을 검정하고 자실체 발생을 위한 다양한 재배방법을 구명하였다. 잿빛만가닥버섯 9균주를 공시하여 선발한 결과는 다음과 같다. 균사생장속도가 빠르고 균사밀도가 양호한 SPA 202 및 SPA 205균주를 선발하였으며 선발배지는 BC배지가 가장 양호하였다. 인공재배시 참나무톱밥과 포플러톱밥이 균사생장속도가 가장 빠르고 균사밀도가 가장 치밀하였으며 최적배지는 발효톱밥을 사용한 참나무톱밥(Quercus aliena)40%+포플러톱밥(Populus deltoides)40%+미강(Rice bran)10%+밀기울(Wheat bran)10% 배지로서 이 때균사배양적온은 $20-25^{\circ}C$이며 배양기간은 접종 후 50일, 복토 후 7일이 소요되었으며, 원기형성 및 자실체생육기간은 $17-18^{\circ}C$에서 각각 10~11일, 7~8일이 소요되었다. SPA 202균주의 수확적기의 자실체는 갓의 직경이 60mm, 대의 길이가 67mm이며, 수량은1,100ml병당 130g이었으며 SPA 205균주의 수확적기의 자실체는 갓의 직경이 51mm, 대의 길이가 81mm, 129g이었다. 잿빛만가닥버섯 인공재배 결과, 배지는 발효톱밥 처리구가 미발효톱밥 처리구보다 수량이 많아 SPA 202균주와 SPA 205균주가 가장 양호한 균주로 선발되었다.

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국균(麴菌)의 효소생산(酵素生産) 및 생육(生育)에 미치는 고춧가루의 영향에 관한 연구 (Studies on the Effects of Red Pepper Powder on the Enzyme Production and Growth of Aspergillus Oryzae)

  • 이택수;박윤중
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • 제19권4호
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    • pp.227-232
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    • 1976
  • 고춧가루가 국균(麴菌)의 각종(各種) 효소생산(酵素生産) 및 균체생육(菌體生育)에 미치는 영향을 규명할 목적(目的)으로 Aspergillus oryzae A (단모균)와 Aspergillus oryzae G(장모균) 균주를 고춧가루를 첨가한 밀기울 배지 및 Czapek-Dox 액체배지에 배양하여 그 효소력(酵素力), 건조균체중량 pH. 적정산도 등을 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 밀기울 고체배지에 $0.05{\sim}30%$ 농도(濃度)의 고춧가루를 첨가한 구에서는 무염기질(無鹽基質)에서의 중성 및 알카리 protease의 활성이 대조구(밀기울 단독 배양구)에 비하여 높았으나 Aspergillus oryzae G의 경우는 고춧가루 첨가시 무염기질(無鹽基質)에서의 산성 protease의 생성이 오히려 저하 되었다. 2. $0.05{\sim}10%$의 고춧가루 첨가시는 내염(耐鹽)기질에서의 중성 및 알카리 protease의 활성이 대조구에 비하여 높았다. 3. 고춧가루 첨가(添加)는 amylase활성(活性)에 별(別)로 효과(效果)가 없었다. 4. Cellulase활성은 밀기울 단독구에 비하여 고춧가루 첨가구(添加區)에서 전반적(全般的)으로 높은 경향을 보였다. 5. Czapek-Dox액체배지상(液體培地上)에서 각균(各菌)의 건조균체중량(乾燥菌體重量)은 고춧가루 첨가농도(添加濃度)가 증가함에 따라 증가하는 경향을 보였고 단모균은 장모균에 비해 그 증가 현상이 현저하였다. 6. 고춧가루는 Czapek-Dox 첨가배지((添加培地)의 pH를 저하(低下)시키는 경향을 나타내었다. 7. 고춧가루 첨가농도(添加濃度)가 증가함에 따라 Czapek-Dox 액체배지의 적정산도는 증가현상을 나타내었으며 장모균에 비하여 단모균의 경우 적정산도의 증가현상이 현저했다.

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Isolation and Numerical Identification of Streptomyces humidus strain S5-55 Antagonistic to Plant Pathogenic Fungi

  • Lim, Song-Won;Kim, Jeong-Dong;Kim, Biom-Seok;Hwang, Byung-Kook
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제16권4호
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    • pp.189-199
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    • 2000
  • To search for the antifungal substances, various actino-mycete isolates were obtained from various soils of Korea using plate dilution method on the humic acid vitamin agar plates. In the screening procedures using a dual culture method, 32 actionomycete isolates were selected, which showed the inhibitory activity against mycelial growth of plant pathogenic fungi Altirnaria mali, Colletotrichum gloeosporides, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum, Magnaporthe grisea, Phytophthora capsici, and Rhizoctonia solani. Bioassay of the crude extracts from culture filtrates and mycelial mets revealed that 12 antagonistic actionomycetes produced highly active antifungal substances. Actinomycete strain S5-55 which showed the substantial antifungal activity against the tested fungi was selected for production of the antifungal substances. Based on the cytochemical and morphological characteristics, strain S5-55 was identified as a Streptomyces species. The results of the numerical identification using the TAXON program confirmed that Streptomyces strain S5-55 was identical with Streptomyces humidus including in TAXON major cluster 19. The production of antifungal substance was most favorable when S. humidus strain S5-55 was cultivated for 10 dats on soluble starch broth supplemented with $K_2$HPO$_4$. The antifungal substances active against the plant pathogenic fungi P. capsici and M. grisea were partially purified using $\textrm{C}_{18}$ reversed-phase column chromatography.

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Effect of Salinity, Temperature and Carbon Source on the Growth and Development of Sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Isolated from Semi-arid Environment

  • Abdullah, Mansour T.;Ali, Nida Y.;Suleman, Patrice
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제24권4호
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    • pp.407-416
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    • 2008
  • Studies were conducted to determine the effects of temperature, solute potential and carbon source on the mycelial growth, sclerotia development, and apothecium production of an isolate of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Mycelial growth rate was greatest at $25^{\circ}C$ on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium amended with up to 2% NaCl (${\psi}s{\leq}1.91\;MPa$) and thereafter, growth rate declined. The least number of sclerotia were produced at $20^{\circ}C$on both PDA and malt extract agar (MEA) amended with 8% NaCl (${\psi}s=6.62\;MPa$). With increasing temperature and decreasing solute potential the number and size of sclerotia were significantly reduced. The combined effect of temperature, solute potential and carbon source on sclerotia production were highly significant and had an impact on the development of the rind layer cells of sclerotia. These cells lacked a transparent cell wall which was surrounded by a compact melanized layer, and some of these cells appeared to be devoid of cell contents or were totally vacuolated. The survival of the sclerotia with increase in salinity and temperature appeared to affect melanization and the nature of the rind cells. The observations of this study re-enforces the need for an integrated disease management to control S. sclerotiorum.

Biological Control of Phytophthora palmivora Causing Root Rot of Pomelo Using Chaetomium spp.

  • Hung, Phung Manh;Wattanachai, Pongnak;Kasem, Soytong;Poaim, Supatta
    • Mycobiology
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    • 제43권1호
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    • pp.63-70
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    • 2015
  • Phytophthora diseases have become a major impediment in the citrus production in Thailand. In this study, an isolate of Phytophthora denominated as PHY02 was proven to be causal pathogen of root rot of Pomelo (Citrus maxima) in Thailand. The isolate PHY02 was morphologically characterized and identified as Phytophthora palmivora based on molecular analysis of an internal transcribed spacer rDNA sequence. This work also presents in vitro evaluations of the capacities of Chaetomium spp. to control the P. palmivora PHY02. As antagonists, Chaetomium globosum CG05, Chaetomium cupreum CC3003, Chaetomium lucknowense CL01 inhibited 50~61% mycelial growth, degraded mycelia and reduced 92~99% sporangial production of P. palmivora PHY02 in bi-culture test after 30 days. Fungal metabolites from Chaetomium spp. were tested against PHY02. Results showed that, methanol extract of C. globosum CG05 expressed strongest inhibitory effects on mycelial growth and sporangium formation of P. palmivora PHY02 with effective dose ED50 values of $26.5{\mu}g/mL$ and $2.3{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. It is interesting that C. lucknowense is reported for the first time as an effective antagonist against a species of Phytophthora.

Isolation, Identification and Optimal Culture Conditions of Streptomyces albidoflavus C247 Producing Antifungal Agents against Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2

  • Islam, Rezuanul;Jeong, Yong-Tae;Ryu, Yeon-Ju;Song, Chi-Hyun;Lee, Yong-Se
    • Mycobiology
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    • 제37권2호
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    • pp.114-120
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    • 2009
  • Streptomyces albidoflavus C247 was isolated from the soil of the Gyeongsan golf course in Korea. Physiological, biochemical and 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis strongly suggested that the isolate belonged to Streptomyces albidoflavus. Preliminary screening revealed that the isolate was active against fungi and bacteria. Self-directing optimization was employed to determine the best combination of parameters such as carbon and nitrogen source, pH and temperature. Nutritional and culture conditions for the production of antibiotics by this organism under shake-flask conditions were also optimized. Maltose (5%) and soytone (5%) were found to be the best carbon and nitrogen sources for the production of antibiotics by S. albidoflavus C247. Additionally, 62.89% mycelial growth inhibition was achieved when the organism was cultured at $30^{\circ}C$ and pH 6.5. Ethyl acetate (EtOAc) was the best extraction solvent for the isolation of the antibiotics, and 100 ${mu}$/ml of EtOAc extract was found to inhibit 60.27% of the mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2(IV) when the poison plate diffusion method was conducted.

식용버섯 재배시 초고흡수성 폴리머의 효과 (Application of Super Water Absorbent for Edible Mushroom Production)

  • 김명곤;윤숙;문성필;김형무;장태복;홍재식
    • 한국균학회지
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    • 제28권1호
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    • pp.16-21
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    • 2000
  • 식용버섯 인공재배시 수분조정제로 아크릴아미드와 아릴설폰산염의 공중합물의 가수분해물인 CPAM-AS-hyd-1의 흡수겔을 첨가하여 각종 식용버섯의 균사생장 및 자실체 수량에 영향을 살펴본 결과 배지 100cc에 200g까지의 첨가는 균사생장에 큰 영향을 미치지 많았다. 식용버섯 생산을 위한 흡수겔의 적정 농도는 배지 100 cc에 대하여 느타리버섯의 경우는 200 g, 노루궁뎅이버섯은 $200{\sim}250\;g$, 팽이버섯은 200 g 첨가시 양호하였으며, 팽이버섯 재배시 폴리머 흡수겔과 10%(v/v)의 평화왕겨 첨가가 수량증대에 효과적이었다.

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Roseofomes subflexibilis로부터 Cellulase 생산을 위한 배양학적 성질 (Studies on the Cultural Characteristics of Cellulase Production by Roseofomes subflexibilis)

  • 장형수
    • 한국균학회지
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    • 제31권2호
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    • pp.77-83
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    • 2003
  • 천연자원인 cellulose를 이용하기 위하여 섬유소분해효소의 생산성이 강한 Roseofomes subflexibilis의 배양학적 특성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1.섬유소분해효소의 생산 및 균사체 생장에 적합한 탄소원은 glucose인 것으로 나타났으며, 균사체배양의 탄소원은 saccharose로 최적농도는 1.2%였다. 2. 균사체배양의 유기질소원은 yeast extract이었으며. 최적농도는 1.5%이었다. 또한 무기질소원은 $NH_{4}H_{2}PO_{4}$를 잘 이용하는 것으로 나타났고, 최적농도는 1.1% 첨가시 균사체의 생장이 좋았다. 3. 균사체배양의 아미노산의 영향을 조사한 결과 aspartic acid가 가장 좋았으며, 최적농도는 0.1%이었다. cysteine 첨가시 효소생산과 균사체의 생장 모두에서 효과적이었다. 4.무기염류의 영향은 $Al_{2}(SO_{4})_{3}$ 첨가시 효과적이었으며 최적농도는 0.1 M이었다. 5.배양온도는 $30{\circ}C$였으며, 최적 pH는 4.0인 것으로 나타났다.

목질진흙버섯 Phellinus linteus HN1009K의 항산화 활성과 항염증효과 (Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Phellinus linteus HN1009K)

  • 강희완;이만휘;서건식
    • 한국균학회지
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    • 제41권4호
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    • pp.243-247
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    • 2013
  • 최근 농가에서 재배하고 있는 상황버섯 종에 비하여 균사생장이 빠르고 자실체 발생과 생육이 빠른 P. linteus HN1009K (HK1009)가 개발되었다. 본 연구는 HK1009의 균사체와 자실체 에탄올 추출물의 항산화 및 항염증효과를 기존에 재배되고 있는 P. linteus (PL, Korea Sangwhang)과 P. baumii (PB, Jangsu Sanghwang)를 대조구로 하여 비교분석 하였다. HK1009는 균사체와 자실체 추출물 모두 PL과 PB에 비하여 항산화 활성이 높았으며 xanthine oxidase분석에서는 PL, HK1009, PB순으로 항산화 활성이 높게 나타났다. RAW264.7세포를 이용한 상황버섯 균사체 추출물 PB(EX), PL(EX), HK1009(EX)시료의 NO assay 결과는 PB, PL, HK1009 모두 농도 의존적으로 원액 $200{\mu}g/ml$ 에서는 $7{\sim}8{\mu}M$ 정도로 염증 억제 효과가 뛰어났다. RAW 264.7 세포에 대한 MTT assay 결과에서 PB(EX), PL(EX), HK1009(EX) 추출물의 원액처리구 에서도 세포의 생존능이 70% 이상을 유지하여 세포 독성이 없는 것으로 판단되었다.

Morphological Diversity of Mortierella alpina: Effect of Consumed Carbon to Nitrogen Ratio in Flask Culture

  • Park, Enoch Y.;Yasuhisa Koike;Cai, Hong-Jie;Kenichi Higashiyama;Shigeaki Fujikawa
    • Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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    • 제6권3호
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    • pp.161-166
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    • 2001
  • The influence of the consumed carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio on mycelial morphology was investigated in cultures of Mortierella alpina using shake flasks. The consumed C/N ratio was varied from 5 to 32 under the condition that the total initial amount of the carbon and nitrogen sources was 50g/L. The whole mycelia and filamentous mycelia exhibited no relationship with the consumed C/N ratio below a consumed C/N ratio of 20 in the presence of either excess carbon or excess nitrogen. However, when the consumed C/N ratio increased higher than 20, the mycelial sizes increased in proportion to the consumed C/N ratio. However, the area ratio of filamentous mycelia to total mycelia was found to be independent of the consumed C/N ratio, and remained constant at 0.82. In the case of a fixed consumed C/N ratio of 20, the whole mycelia and filamentous mycelia increased in proportion to the degree of the medium strength, yet the area ratio of filamentous mycelia to total mycelia remained unchanged at 0.76. Accordingly, these results show that fungal morphology and mycelial size are both affected by the ratio of carbon to nitrogen. The findings of the current study will be helpful in obtaining the efficient production of useful bioproducts from fungal cultures.

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