• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.99-106
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• 2019

To improve the productivity of shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes), seven different types of media for liquid spawn (denoted as "A" to "G") were prepared with 0.3% soybean meal and varying sugar and glucose concentrations. During 14 days of incubation, the pH of the liquid culture gradually acidified with increasing incubation period. Additionally, there was a significant, but not prominent, difference in the degree of acidification depending on the sugar to glucose ratio. Liquid spawn culture "G," which had the highest sugar content was the most acidic on the last day of incubation. Mycelium dry weight increased significantly with increasing incubation period, and there was no significant difference in mycelium dry weight irrespective of the sugar to glucose ratio even after 14 days of culture. The inoculation of liquid spawn in sawdust medium with an inoculation volume ${\geq}45mL$ and incubation period of 15 to 18 days were the optimal culture conditions. Productivity of fruit bodies in sawdust medium and mushrooms treated with liquid spawn was significantly higher compared to solid spawn treatment. The mushrooms treated with liquid spawn had better chewiness, and the free amino acid content, which is associated with savory taste, was higher in these mushrooms compared to those treated with solid spawn.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.35-44
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• 2004

The water soluble fractions(WSF) from Japanese larch wood were isolated, purified by anion exchange resin and Sephadex gel filtration and identified its chemical structure by means of periodate oxidation and methylation reactions. Its major components are arabinose and galactose (1 : 3.4). Based on the results of periodate oxidation, methylation and gas chromatographic analysis of purified WSF, main chain is composed of β-1,3-glycosidic linkage among D-galactopyranoses, and two different side chains; β-1,6-glycosidic linkage among 2-3 units of D-galactopyranoses and β-1,6-glycosidic linkage between 1-2 units of D-galactopyranose and L-arabinopyranose. Addition of WSF to culture media of oak mushroom (Lentinula edodes) accelerated the mycelial growth. In the case of PDA cultures, 2 percent addition of WSF in Sanlim No. 6 strain and 4 percent of WSF in Mok-H strain mostly enhanced the mycelial growth of the mushroom. In the case of sawdust cultures, 4 percent addition of WSF in two strains showed the best mycelial growth. High percentages addition of WSF inhibited mycelial growth of the mushroom. Mushroom production was increased with addition of WSF. By the addition of WSF, ergosterol contents in the media were quite high at the colonized stage and rapidly increased at the fruiting stage. Therefore the ergosterol content could be utilized as an indicator to evaluate the culture maturity for the mushroom fruiting.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.154-159
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• 2023

A new spore-less cultivar Lentinula edodes 'Daedam' was bred from monokaryotic strains of 'LE15401-24' and 'LE192118-10'. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth of 'Daedam' on potato dextrose agar was 22~25℃. Total cultivation period of the new cultivar, from inoculation to its first harvest, was 134 days, similar to that of the control cultivar 'Hwadam'. Total yield of 'Daedam' was 222g per 3kg substrate, and was lower than that of control cultivar(266.0g). The fruiting body of 'Daedam' had a thick and small pileus and a longer stem compare to control cultivar. As a result of a analyzing the productivity of 'Daedam' on the different substrate types, the biological efficiency was 26.7% in the 1.2kg cylindrical substrate(CS), which was higher than that of the 3kg rod-type substrate(RS). 'Daedam' had a similar yield compared to 'Hanacham' in first fruiting body production, but the cultivation period was 40 days shorter. Therefore, 'Daedam' can only harvest fruiting bodies once, it is thought that it can be used as spore-less oak mushroom cultivar for short-term cultivation instead of 'Hanacham' in mushroom farms.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.42-47
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• 1987

4 strains of the oak mushroom Lentinus edodes including the strain ASI 3046 were collected home and abroad to investigate the characterics of mycelial growth on synthetic media and sawdust media. The possibility of artificial culture of Lentinus edodes on media composed of different saw dusts and adding materials was investigated. Results were as follows: The optimum temperature for growth ranged from $22^{\circ}C$ to $26^{\circ}C$ among the lineages of Lentinus edodes. The optimal growth temperature for ASI 3046 strain and ASI 3047 strain was $26^{\circ}C$ and $22^{\circ}C$, respectively. The optimal carbon source for ASI 3046 strain was glucose, and peptone and ammoinum tartrate were proved excellent as nitrogen sources. When Lentinus edodes was cultured on sawdust media by varying the mixing ratio of different sawdusts and adding materials, mixed sawdust media composed of oak sawdust(50%, v/v), poplar sawdust(50%, v/v), acorn powder(5%, v/v) and rice bran(10%, v/v) showed higher yields of fruit bodies. Results showed that the ideal strain of Lentinus edodes for artificial culture on sawdust media was strain ASI 3046.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.101 no.1
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• pp.77-82
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• 2012

Sterilization of oak sawdust at $65^{\circ}C$ for Lentinula edodes bed cultivation can be efficient in sterilization facility cost, but its effect on the mushroom production is uncertain due to high contamination probability. The effective conditions for L. edodes hyphal growth in the low temperature sterilized oak sawdust were investigated with combinations of three sterilization temperatures ($65^{\circ}C$, $100^{\circ}C$ and $121^{\circ}C$) and four cultivation temperatures ($15^{\circ}C$, $20^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$, and $30^{\circ}C$). L. edodes inoculation density effect was also tested with 1 cm, 2 cm, and 4 cm distance in the sawdust (4%, 11% and 25% inoculation rate by surface area). L. edodes hyphal growth in the sawdust sterilized at $65^{\circ}C$ was as much as at those $100^{\circ}C$ and $121^{\circ}C$ when the fungus cultured below $25^{\circ}C$, but it was greatly reduced when cultured at $30^{\circ}C$. And the sawdust medium with 1cm distance inoculation density was fully occupied with L. edodes hyphae, but those with 2~4cm distance inoculation were contaminated by 4~33%. Therefore, we conclude that low temperature sterilized oak sawdust needs to be cultured under $25^{\circ}C$ after sufficient inoculation by 25% for successful bed cultivation of L. edodes.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.254-258
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• 2017

Mushroom mites have recently caused severe damage to sawdust beds, mushroom mycelia, and fruiting bodies; therefore, they have reduced the production of the button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus, in greenhouses. There are currently no registered pesticides for mushroom mites. It is necessary to selectively control mushroom flies and mites without affecting the growth of the mushroom. We examined biological control of mushroom mites using predatory mite Stratiolaelaps scimitus in button mushroom cultivation. As a result, a three times treatment (1 treatment after water cleaning, 1 treatment after fungus inoculation, and 1 treatment before or after casing) was most effective at controlling mushroom mites, with 3.000 predatory mites (3 bottles) scattered evenly over $165-230m^2$ every 1-2 m. Predatory mite Stratiolaelaps scimitus could control mushroom flies and mites at the same time and could be used at any time during cultivation.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.120-128
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• 2012

Recently sawdust cultivation of Shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) is increasing. It is important to make mycelia to be brown on the substrate surface. This browned surface in sawdust cultivation plays an important role like as artificial bark of the oak log, which protects the other pests and suppresses water evaporation in the substrate. In order to isolate genes which related to brown color formation, differential display method was used. Two cDNA fragments obtained by DD-PCR were 1.2 and 1.6kb and these were expressed in white colored mycelia from L. edodes, but not brown colored mycelia. Partial sequencing of these cDNA fragments showed that the 1.6kb cDNA had 100% identity with the microsatellites gene from Dugenia polichroa. However, the other 1.2kb cDNA fragment had poly T tail on 3' region of partial open reading frame on 5' region. The new primer designed based on the sequence of 1.2kb cDNA was constructed. RT-PCR analysis using the newly designed 0.12kb cDNA specific primer showed that the gene was only expressed in white color mycelia, but not in brown color mycelia. Sequence analysis of 5' region of this 1.2kb cDNA revealed that this gene contained partial open reading frame consisted of 110 amino acid. Homology search using DNASIS database showed that this gene had high sequence homology of 66.7% in DNA level and 69.2 % in amino acid level with dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratases gene from Arabidopsis thaliata. The dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratases gene was known to be function to have tolerance with oxidation stress. These results strongly suggest that this gene isolated from white mycelia of L. edodes might have a function of repressor against mycelia browning. Therefore I designated this gene as BCR (Brown Color Repressor) gene.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.241-245
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• 2017

Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus), which has invaluable medicinal uses, grows only on living trees. To date, it is still harvested from its natural habitat and is not cultivated artificially. We artificially cultivated chaga mushrooms by inoculating its sawdust spawns on Betula platyphylla var. japonica in 2007, and monitored mushroom growth on the inoculated trees for 9 years. The mushrooms grew less than 1 cm per year, with the largest mushroom growing up to 9 cm in the 9 years of study. There was no difference in the growth (diameter at breast height) of trees with viable and non-viable I. obliquus. In conclusion, artificial cultivation of chaga mushroom was successful. Our findings suggest that selection of large B. platyphylla var. japonica as host tree could lead to better I. obliquus productivity. Further improvements of the method are needed to increase the success rate of I. obliquus inoculation.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.80-83
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• 2011

Sparassis crispa(Cauliflower mushroom) was an edible mushroom that shows remarkably high contents of ${\beta}$-glucan compared to other edible mushroom. In this study, we aimed to select suitable conditions and materials for mycelial growth and fruit body production. The longer saccharification time of barely result in higher sugar content for eight hours. The optimal sugar content of media for mycelial growth was showed at level of 6 $^{\circ}Brix$. Optimum temperature and pH for mycelial growth in liquid spawn were $25^{\circ}C$ and pH 5.0~6.0, respectively. In case of sawdust was used Larix kaempferi as main material, the fruit body yield and cultivation period of supplemented with 10% wheat flour and 20% corn flour were highest and fastest, respectively.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.105-109
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• 2011

This study was carried out to select the suitable substrates for bag cultivation of Lentinula edodes. We investigated the optimal additive materials and its mixing ratio in bag cultivation of L. edodes, Sanjo 701 ho. The suitable substrates for L. edodes bag cultivation were oak sawdust as new material plus deffatted corn flour, and corn husk as an additive at the ratio 8:1:1(v/v), as the result of shorter mycelial growth, higher biological efficient, and a higher yield than any other substrates.