• 대한간호학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.271-280
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of periodic walking during hindlimb suspension on the mass, relative weight, fiber type distribution and cross-sectional area of Type I and II fibers in the developing Type II plantaris muscle. To examine the effectiveness of periodic walking on mass and fiber size, the hindlimbs of young female Wistar rats were suspended (HS group) and half of these rats walked on a treadmill for 45 min／day(15 min every 4 hours) at 5 meters／min at a 15 degree grade(HS-W group) After seven days of hindlimb suspension, the plantaris muscle wet weight was 28.40％ significantly smaller（P＜0.005） and relative plantaris muscle weight was 26.97％ smaller compared with those of control rats（P＜0.05）. The plantaris muscle wet weight and the relative plantaris muscle weight increased by 46.60％ and 49.23％ respectively with periodic walking, moreover. the plantaris muscle wet weight and the relative plantaris muscle weight of the HS-W rats recovered to the level of the control rats. No change was observed in fiber type percentage of the developing plantaris muscle following one week of hindlimb suspension or periodic walking during hindlimb suspension. Type I and II fiber cross-sectional areas of the developing plantaris muscle were 42.51％ and 43. 68％ lower in the HS group than in the control group（p＜0.0001）, Type I and II fiber cross-sectional areas of the developing plantaris were 30.82％ and 45.97％ greater in the HS-W group than in the HS group（p＜0.0001）, whereas Type I and II fiber cross-sectional area of HS-W group were less than those of the control group（P＜0.0001） The results suggest that periodic walking can attenuate developing plantaris muscle atrophy induced by hindlimb suspension.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2010

This study was conducted to find the effects of scapular taping on muscle activities of the scapular rotators and upper trapezius pain in subjects with upper trapezius pain. Fifteen male subjects were recruited from Yonsei University for this study. Muscle activity of upper trapezius, lower trapezius, and serratus anterior was measured using surface electromyography. Visual analog scale was used for measuring upper trapezius pain. The subjects were asked to maintain $90^{\circ}$ shoulder flexion position with holding a 1 kg dumbbell in standing position. Scapular taping was applied over the muscle belly of the upper trapezius and attached parallel with the lower trapezius muscle fibers. For normalization, % maximal voluntary isometric contraction (%MVIC) was conducted. Paired t-test was applied to compare the muscle activities of scapular rotator and upper trapezius pain before and after applying the scapular taping. The muscle activity of the upper trapezius muscle and serratus anterior decreased significantly after tape application (p<.05). However, no significant difference was observed in lower trapezius muscle. The level of pain in the upper trapezius muscle significantly decreased after tape application (p<.05). The results of this study suggest that scapular taping can be used an additional therapy for reducing muscle activity of upper trapezius, serratus anterior and upper trapezius pain during shoulder flexion in patient with upper trapezius pain.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.71-82
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• 2015

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to compare changes in the thickness of the gluteus medius muscle fiber between chronic low back pain(clbp) with gluteus medius weakness and healthy subject. METHODS: Ultrasound imaging was used to measure in the thickness of each fiber of the gluteus medius muscle based on maximal muscle contraction during abduction motion of the hip joint in a healthy group (11 subjects) and a chronic CLBP group (21 subjects). An independent t-test was performed to analyze the difference of thickness in each fiber of the gluteus medius muscle and the rate of changes in the fibers in the two groups. RESULTS: The fiber thickness changes in the gluteus medius muscle were significantly lower for the posterior fiber in the CLBP group compared to the healthy group (p<0.01). The changes in rate of difference of thickness the posterior part of the gluteus medius muscle was significantly lower in the CLBP group than in the healthy group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The findings of this study CLBP patients with weakness of the gluteus medius muscle that lower for the posterior fiber's difference of thickness and rate of change in the CLBP group compared to the healthy group. Indicate that rehabilitation of CLBP patients with weakness of the gluteus medius muscle should consider the functions of posterior fiber of the gluteus medius muscle.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.435-439
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• 1994

The present observation was focussed mainly on the histopathological and immunohistochemical finding of the tumor developing from the outside of rat uterus wall. In gross finding, this tumor were a oval form mass and 0.75cm and 1cm in greatest demension. The sectioned surface showed uniform, solid, gray-white. In histopathological finding, the tumor showed the form of lymphoid nodule-like structure and was composed of the cells with karryorrhexis, karyolysis and necrosis in the central zone, mature cells in the paracentral zone, and concentric layers of compressed, flattened and atrophied smooth muscle fibers by the proliferating of the cells closely resembling endometrial stromal ells in the peripheral zone and a few smaller nodule-like structure in certain areas of the peripheral zone. In immunohistochemical observations, the proliferating cells presents only among the concentric layers of the smooth muscle fibers in the peripheral zone. Labeling index of proliferating cells in the peripheral zone was $4.34{\pm}1.28%$. These tumor cells did not metastasized in another orgns and labeling index was low, So it was concluded that this tumor was benign stomal sarcoma.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.301-308
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• 1993

Three or 7day old piglets were infected experimentally with different encephalomyocarditis virus isolates to detect the viral antigen by the immunoperoxidase technique and to observe strain difference in their pathogenecity in newborn pigs by comparing clinical signs and pathologic lesions. Clinical signs of the infected pigs were different depending on the virus strain, pig age and infection route. Encephalomyocarditis virus(EMCV) NVSL-PR isolate was more pathogenic than MN-25 and MN-30 isolate. Three day old piglets showed more severe illness than 7 day old piglets. Predominant clinical signs were sudden death without noticeable clinical signs and dyspnea manifested as heavy abdominal breathing. Contact-infection from infected piglets to controls was observed in the oro-nasally infected group but not the intramuscular group. Common necropsy findings of dead piglets in both age groups infected with MN-25 and NVSL-PR were accumulation of excessive fluid in the body cavities and mild to diffuse necrotic areas observed in the hearts and occasionally in the livers. Microscopically, myocarditis with inflammatory cell infiltration, necrosis of the myocardial muscle fibers and occasional mineralization were observed along with interstitial pneumonia and centrolobular necrosis in the liver. Using an immunoperoxidase technique, viral antigen was detected in myocardial muscle fibers of piglets infected with EMCV.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.475-481
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• 2019

Background: The ginsenoside Rg1 has been shown to exert various pharmacological activities with health benefits. Previously, we have reported that Rg1 promoted myogenic differentiation and myotube growth in C2C12 myoblasts. In this study, the in vivo effect of Rg1 on fiber-type composition and oxidative metabolism in skeletal muscle was examined. Methods: To examine the effect of Rg1 on skeletal muscle, 3-month-old mice were treated with Rg1 for 5 weeks. To assess muscle strength, grip strength tests were performed, and the lower hind limb muscles were harvested, followed by various detailed analysis, such as histological staining, immunoblotting, immunostaining, and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. In addition, to verify the in vivo data, primary myoblasts isolated from mice were treated with Rg1, and the Rg1 effect on myotube growth was examined by immunoblotting and immunostaining analysis. Results: Rg1 treatment increased the expression of myosin heavy chain isoforms characteristic for both oxidative and glycolytic muscle fibers; increased myofiber sizes were accompanied by enhanced muscle strength. Rg1 treatment also enhanced oxidative muscle metabolism with elevated oxidative phosphorylation proteins. Furthermore, Rg1-treated muscles exhibited increased levels of anabolic S6 kinase signaling. Conclusion: Rg1 improves muscle functionality via enhancing muscle gene expression and oxidative muscle metabolism in mice.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.465-469
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• 2008

Unusual yellowish-green intramuscular granulomatous lesions were found in a carcass of Hanwoo(slaughtered, 30 month old). Those were 1-3 mm in diameter, oval shaped, and paralleled with muscle fibers. Histologically, severe inflammation, eosinophilic granulomas and necrosis were observed in the muscle tissue. We also observed sarcocysts in the muscle cells. In a polymerase chain reaction, we identified 900bp length, sarcocystis specific fragment. It would be diagnosed as sarcocystosis in Hanwoo.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.467-473
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• 2013

본 연구는 제주 개량 흑돼지의 육질특성 및 근섬유 특성이 국내에 도입된 다른 품종과의 차이를 확인하고자 수행되었다. 제주 개량 흑돼지는 국내에 보급된 다른 돼지 품종보다 도체중이 작고 근내지방이 적은 특징을 나타내었다. 그러나 사후 45분 및 24시간째 pH를 비롯하여 육색, 보수력 및 연도 등 육질특성에서는 다른 품종과 비슷한 수준의 결과를 나타내었다. 삼원교잡종인 LYD 품종이 비교적 등지방 두께가 얇고 근내지방 함량이 높았으며, 보수력 및 육색 등에서도 좋은 품질을 나타내었고, D의 경우도 가장 좋은 보수력과 연도를 나타내었는데 이러한 결과는 근섬유 특성에서도 확인할 수가 있었다. 한편, M 품종은 등지방 두께가 두껍고 근내지방이 적으며, 육질 특성에서도 명도 및 육즙감량이 가장 높은 값을 나타내어 가장 좋지 못한 품질을 보였다. 제주 개량 흑돼지는 재래 흑돼지가 교잡을 통해 개량된 것으로 현재 육질특성에서는 국내에 보급된 다른 품종과 비교하여 크게 나쁘지는 않으나 도체중 및 근내지방 함량 등 도체특성에 대한 개선이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.586-590
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• 2009

철선충은 주로 사마귀와 같은 곤충에 기생하는 선충류로 사람이나 동물은 우연히 감염될 수 있는 것으로 알려져 왔다. 철선충의 생활사는 크게 곤충에 기생하는 기생생활기, 그리고 발육이 완료된 후에 숙주를 죽이고 외계로 나와 자유생활을 하는 자유생활기로 구분할 수 있다. 본 연구는 개의 구토물에서 오디흑연가시 수컷을 발견하여 이의 횡단면을 주사 및 투과 전자현미경으로 관찰한 것이다. 전자현미경하에서 표피는 4층(epicuticle, cuticle, epidermis, muscle)으로 이루어졌고, 내강에는 장, 배신경절이 발견되었다. 그러나 고환은 발견되지 않았다. 표피의 최상층에서 여러 형태의 areoles이 관찰되었으며, cuticle은 17열의 섬유로 이루어져 있었다. Epidermis는 1열로 구성되어 있었으며, muscle층은 여러 개의 근세포가 종으로 일정하게 배열되어 있었다. 그리고 내강에 배신경절이 충체의 정중앙 배측에서만 존재하는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 결과로 본 철선충은 기생생활기를 끝내지 못한 미성숙충으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제64권1호
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• pp.52-69
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• 2022

Ferulic acid (FA) is a phytochemical with various bioactive properties. It has recently been proposed that due to its phytogenic action it can be used as an alternative growth promoter additive to synthetic compounds. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the growth performance, carcass traits, fiber characterization and skeletal muscle gene expression on hair-lambs supplemented with two doses of FA. Thirty-two male lambs (n = 8 per treatment) were individually housed during a 32 d feeding trial to evaluate the effect of FA (300 and 600 mg d^-1) or zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH; 6 mg d^-1) on growth performance, and then slaughtered to evaluate the effects on carcass traits, and muscle fibers morphometry from Longissimus thoracis (LT) and mRNA abundance of β₂-adrenergic receptor (β₂-AR), MHC-I, MHC-IIX and IGF-I genes. FA increased final weight and average daily gain with respect to non-supplemented animals (p < 0.05). The ZH supplementation increased LT muscle area, with respect to FA doses and control (p < 0.05). Cross-sectional area (CSA) of oxidative fibers was larger with FA doses and ZH (p < 0.05). Feeding ZH increased mRNA abundance for β₂-AR compared to FA and control (p < 0.05), and expression of MHC-I was affected by FA doses and ZH (p < 0.05). Overall, FA supplementation of male hair lambs enhanced productive variables due to skeletal muscle hypertrophy caused by MHC-I up-regulation. Results suggest that FA has the potential like a growth promoter in lambs.