• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.186-192
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• 2021

In this paper, we evaluated prediction accuracy of Euler angle spectrograph classification method using a convolutional neural networks (CNN) for hand gesture recognition in augmented reality (AR) cognitive rehabilitation system based on Leap Motion Controller (LMC). Hand gesture recognition methods using a conventional support vector machine (SVM) show 91.3% accuracy in multiple motions. In this paper, five hand gestures ("Promise", "Bunny", "Close", "Victory", and "Thumb") are selected and measured 100 times for testing the utility of spectral classification techniques. Validation results for the five hand gestures were able to be correctly predicted 100% of the time, indicating superior recognition accuracy than those of conventional SVM methods. The hand motion recognition using CNN meant to be applied more useful to AR cognitive rehabilitation training systems based on LMC than sign language recognition using SVM.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.313-330
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• 2021

In this study, the dynamic interaction between an Arctic Spar and drifting level ice is examined in time domain using the newly developed ice-hull-mooring coupled dynamics program. The in-house program, CHARM3D, which is the hull-riser-mooring coupled dynamic simulator is extended by coupling with the open-source discrete element method (DEM) simulator, LIGGGHTS. In the LIGGGHTS module, the parallel-bonding method is implemented to model the level ice using an assembly of multiple bonded spherical particles. As a case study, a spread-moored Artic Spar platform, whose hull surface near waterline is the inverted conical shape, is chosen. To determine the breaking-related DEM parameter (the critical bonding strength), the four-point numerical bending test is used. A series of numerical simulations is systematically performed under the various ice conditions including ice drift velocity, flexural strength, and thickness. Then, the effects of these parameters on the ice force, platform motions, and mooring tensions are discussed. The simulations reveal various features of dynamic interactions between the drifting ice and moored platform for various ice conditions including the novel synchronous resonance at low ice speed. The newly developed simulator is promising and can repeatedly be used for the future design and analysis including ice-floater-mooring coupled dynamics.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.209-215
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• 2022

As intelligent autonomous driving vehicle development has become a big topic around the world, accurate reference dynamics estimation has been more important than before. Current systems generally use speed and heading information sensed from a distant point as a vehicle reference dynamic, however, the dynamics between different points are not same especially during rotating motions. In order to estimate properly estimate the reference dynamics from the information such as velocity and heading sensed at a point distant from the reference point such as center of gravity, this study proposes estimating reference dynamics from any location in the vehicle by combining the Bicycle and Ackermann models. A test system was constructed by implementing multiple GNSS/INS equipment on an Robot Operating System (ROS) and an actual car. Angle and speed errors of 10° and 0.2 m/s have been reduced to 0.2° and 0.06 m/s after applying the suggested method.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.87-93
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• 2022

To solve the pathological problems of the musculoskeletal system based on evidence, a sophisticated analysis of human motion is required. Traditional optical motion capture systems with high validity and reliability have been utilized in clinical practice for a long time. However, expensive equipment and professional technicians are required to construct optical motion capture systems, hence they are used at a limited capacity in clinical settings despite their advantages. The development of information technology has overcome the existing limit and paved the way for constructing a motion capture system that can be operated at a low cost. Recently, with the development of computer vision-based technology and optical markerless tracking technology, webcam-based 3D human motion analysis has become possible, in which the intuitive interface increases the user-friendliness to non-specialists. In addition, unlike conventional optical motion capture, with this approach, it is possible to analyze motions of multiple people at simultaneously. In a non-optical motion capture system, an inertial measurement unit is typically used, which is not significantly different from a conventional optical motion capture system in terms of its validity and reliability. With the development of markerless technology and advent of non-optical motion capture systems, it is a great advantage that human motion analysis is no longer limited to laboratories.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.341-380
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• 2023

This study evaluates the seismic fragilities in fill slopes in South Korea through parametric finite element analyses that have been barely investigated thus far. We consider three slope geometries for a slope of height 10 m and three slope angles, and two soil types, namely frictional and frictionless, associated with two soil states, loose and dense for frictional soils and soft and stiff for frictionless soils. The input ground motions accounting for four site conditions in South Korea are obtained from one-dimensional site response analyses. By comparing the numerical modeling of slopes using PLAXIS^2D against the previous studies, we compiled suites of the maximum permanent slope displacement (D_max) against two ground motion parameters, namely, peak ground acceleration (PGA) and Arias Intensity (I_A). A probabilistic seismic demand model is adopted to compute the probabilities of exceeding three limit states (minor, moderate, and extensive). We propose multiple seismic fragility curves as functions of a single ground motion parameter and numerous seismic fragility surfaces as functions of two ground motion parameters. The results show that soil type, slope angle, and input ground motion influence these probabilities, and are expected to help regional authorities and engineers assess the seismic fragility of fill slopes in the road systems in South Korea.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.539-554
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• 2024

This study explores development of prediction model for seismic site classification through the integration of machine learning techniques with horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) methodologies. To improve model accuracy, the research employs outlier detection methods and, synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE) for data balance, and evaluates using seven machine learning models using seismic data from KiK-net. Notably, light gradient boosting method (LGBM), gradient boosting, and decision tree models exhibit improved performance when coupled with SMOTE, while Multiple linear regression (MLR) and Support vector machine (SVM) models show reduced efficacy. Outlier detection techniques significantly enhance accuracy, particularly for LGBM, gradient boosting, and voting boosting. The ensemble of LGBM with the isolation forest and SMOTE achieves the highest accuracy of 0.91, with LGBM and local outlier factor yielding the highest F1-score of 0.79. Consistently outperforming other models, LGBM proves most efficient for seismic site classification when supported by appropriate preprocessing procedures. These findings show the significance of outlier detection and data balancing for precise seismic soil classification prediction, offering insights and highlighting the potential of machine learning in optimizing site classification accuracy.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.587-597
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• 2007

강케이블 변위제어장치는 미국 캘리포니아주에서 프레임 구조 교량의 낙교를 방지하는데 효과적인 것으로 지난 몇 차례의 지진에서 밝혀졌다. 이러한 효과를 바탕으로, 미국 중부의 다경간 단순지지 교량에 강케이블을 적용할려는 시도가 행해지고 있다. 또한, 형상기억합금의 인장거동을 이용한 변위제어장치가 동일한 적용을 위해서 연구되고 있다. 프레임 구조교량에서는 변위제어장치가 교각에 힘을 전달하지만, 다경간 단순지지 교량에서는 교대에 힘을 전달하게 된다. 따라서 이러한 교량에서는 교대의 거동을 동시에 점검해야한다. 본 연구에서는 다경간 단순지지 교량에 대한 세 가지의 변위제어장치의 성능을 비교하였다. 강케이블, 인장거동 형상기억합금 봉 및 휨거동 형상기억합금 봉을 이용한 변위제어장치의 중진 및 강진에 대한 변위제어성능 및 교대에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 이를 위해서 형상기억합금 봉의 휨 실험 및 해석모델을 제시하였다. 또한, 비선형 시간이력해석을 수행하여 원래의 교량과 보강된 교량의 거동을 비교하여 변위제어장치의 성능 및 영향을 파악하였다. 인장거동의 형상기억합금 봉은 내부힌지에서 열림의 상대변위를 제어하는데 가장 우수한 성능을 보여주었으나, 교대의 능동변위를 증가시켜 손상을 발생시켰다. 따라서 강진에 대해서는 변위제어장치를 설치하는 경우 교대의 능동거동에 대한 보강이 요구된다.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2018

본 논문은 다중의 플레이어들이 단합된 동작을 통해 노를 저어 보트를 이동시키도록 하기 위해 동작에 의해 구동되는 조정(rowing) 시뮬레이션 프레임워크를 제안한다. 실제 조정 경기에서 보트를 가속하기 위해서는 선수들이 시간과 자세에 대해 노 젓는 동작을 동기화 시키는 것이 매우 중요하다. 조정의 이러한 흥미로운 특징을 이용하여, 본 논문에서는 다중 플레이어들이 노 젓는 동작을 수행하는 동안 그들 사이의 동작 유사도를 실시간으로 측정하고 그 유사도에 기반하여 가상 환경에서 보트의 속도를 제어한다. 또한 제안된 프레임워크에 아이템 획득과 같은 게임적인 요소들을 추가하여 플레이어들의 조화된 행동에 의해 아이템을 획득한 경우 아이템 종류에 따라 배의 속도가 증가하거나 감소하도록 한다. 이러한 게임적인 요소들은 플레이어들이 단합된 조정 동작을 생성하기 위한 좋은 팀워크를 훈련할 때 좀더 적극적으로 참여하도록 장려한다. 노 젓는 동작과 아이템을 획득하는 동작을 인식하기 위해 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법은 머리와 양손에 대한 추적 데이터만을 필요로 하며 실시간에 동작할 정도로 충분히 빠르다. 몰입감을 높이기 위해 조정 시뮬레이션 결과를 대형 곡면 스크린에 프로젝션 한다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.239-247
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• 2008

Low back disorders (LBDs) have been the most common musculoskeletal problem in Korean workplaces. It affects many workers, and is associated with high costs to many companies as well as the individual, which can negatively influence even the quality of life of workers. The _evaluation of low back disorder risk associated with manual materials handling tasks can be performed using variety of ergonomic assessment tools such as National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Revised Lifting Equation (NLE), the Washington Administrative Code 296-62-0517 (WAC), the Snook Tables etc. But most of these tools provide limited information for choosing the most appropriate assessment method for a particular job and in finding out advantage and disadvantage of the methods, and few have been assessed for their predictive ability. The focus of this study was to _evaluate spinal loads in real time with lifting and pulling heavy cow leathers in variety of postures. Data for estimating mean trunk motions were collected as employees did their work at the job site, using the Lumbar Motion Monitor. Eight employees (2 males, 6 females) were selected in this study, in which the load weight and the vertical start and destination heights of the activity remained constant throughout the task. Variance components (three dimensional spaces) of mean trunk kinematic measures were estimated in a hierarchical design. They were used to compute velocity and acceleration of multiple employees performing the same task and to repetitive movements within a task. Therefore, a results of this study could be used as a quantitative, objective measure to design the workplace so that the risk of occupationally related low back disorder should be minimized.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국HCI학회 2009년도 학술대회
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• pp.531-537
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• 2009

대규모 군중이 등장하는 장면에서 군중을 구성하는 수많은 캐릭터들을 신속하고 편리하게 생성하기 위한 방법론으로서 캐릭터 모델과 모션의 복제가 제시되고 있다. McDonnell[1] 등은 보다 현실적이고 복잡한 군중을 생성하기 위하여 사람들이 복제를 인지하는데 영향을 미치는 요소들이 무엇이 있는지 실험하였다. 카메라가 고정된 상황에서 화면에 일정하게 배치된 군중들을 복제하는 기준으로서 외형과 모션의 2가지 요소를 제시하고, 사용자가 모션보다 외형의 변화에 민감하게 반응한다는 결과를 보였다. 본 논문에서는 McDonnell[1]의 연구를 확장하여 실시간 게임 환경에서의 캐릭터 복제와 사용자 인지 간의 상관관계를 연구한다. 시점의 변화가 자유롭고 여러 방향으로 이동하는 군중이 있는 역동적인 게임 환경에서 사용자가 다수의 캐릭터 복제쌍을 어떻게 인지하는지에 초점을 맞춘다. 특히, 게임 캐릭터의 필수 요소인 아이템에 다양한 형태와 색상 및 패턴 요소를 적용하여 아이템을 통한 캐릭터의 다양화가 가능함을 보이고, 캐릭터 복제쌍의 이동 방향과 상대적인 거리에 따라 변화하는 사용자의 인지를 실험하여 사용자가 허용 가능한 캐릭터의 복제 범위를 제시한다.