• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.167-172
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• 2017

End-stage liver disease (ESLD) is a terminal condition of cirrhosis which cannot be treated without liver transplantation. Thus, it is natural for patients to consider hospice/palliative care (HPC). Since the recent legislation of the Act on Decisions on Life-Sustaining Treatment for Patients in Hospice and Palliative Care or at the End of Life (Act No. 14013) in Korea, the practicality of this law has become an issue. The criteria for HPC should be defined with consideration to how the severity of each ESLD complication may vary by individual patients. Generally, patients qualify if they have an intractable condition despite aggressive treatment such as the hepatorenal syndrome, hepatic encephalopathy or variceal hemorrhage. However, the option of liver transplantation should be sufficiently discussed with patients and their families before making a decision on HPC. The evaluation of which ESLD patients should receive HPC should be based on a long-term doctor-patient relationship and sufficient objective data. Therefore, a multidisciplinary approach and mutual consultation among cirrhosis specialists and doctors with other expertise are essential to offer optimal and balanced treatments between liver-specific treatment and HPC. Discussed in this review are adequate criteria for HPC and special considerations for ESLD at the point of HPC.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.585-596
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• 2016

This study was designed to examine the relationships among the levels of perceived stress, dietary behaviors, physical exercise, drinking, smoking, and relief from fatigue through sleep which affect the subjective happiness in adolescents. Based on the study findings, this paper proposes the basic data required for offering practical solutions to improve the subjective happiness of adolescents. IBM SPSS 20 and AMOS 23 were used to conduct frequency and descriptive analyses, in conjunction with Pearson's correlation coefficients, the AMOS bootstrapping method and phantom variables, for the raw data obtained from the 9,599 participants included in the 11th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. Those factors having a direct effect on the subjective happiness of the adolescents were the level of perceived stress, relief from fatigue through sleep, physical exercise, dietary behavior and smoking. Perceived stress had an indirect effect on subjective happiness, and the analysis of the indirect effect and significance level of multiple mediators by means of phantom variables showed that, as well as perceived stress, relief from fatigue through sleep, physical exercise, dietary behaviors, and smoking also had indirect effects on subjective happiness. Consequently, a multidisciplinary approach is needed to optimize the subjective happiness in adolescents and financial support for environmental improvements is particularly necessary.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

Burning mouth syndrome(BMS) refers to a chronic orofacial pain disorder usually unaccompanied by mucosal lesions or other clinical signs. Tongue(anterior and lateral border) is found to be the most common site for the burning sensations in the oral cavity, and various oral sites may be affected including hard palate and lips. The etiology of this disorder remains poorly understood, but the various factors might be related with the pathogenesis of the BMS. These factors have been devided into local, systemic and psychological. Recently, there have been increasing reports that the pain of BMS may be neuropathic in origin. The complex and multifactorial etiology of BMS necessitates multidisciplinary approach for the management of these patients. Recently, several studies have reported that oral parafunctional habits could be related the pathogenesis of BMS, and tried to control the symptom of BMS with various methods. We reported the cases who had the symptom of burning mouth syndrome with removable anti-nociceptive appliance in the lower dentition.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.71-96
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to identify research that included the rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) technique and to compare this body of research within the field of music therapy with that in physical therapy. Forty-five studies were identified that were published from January 1999 through November 2018, and these were analyzed in terms of intervention procedure, type of rhythmic cueing, and therapeutic basis described by the researcher. While research in both fields used rhythmic cueing as the primary therapeutic agent, differences were found in the area targeted by training and specific type of rhythmic cueing used. Research conducted in the field of music therapy focused primarily on gait function, while research in the field of physical therapy tended to address gait-related physical issues, such as balance, muscle strength, and proprioceptive sensation as well as gait. While all of the identified studies from the field of music therapy used music for cueing, a metronome was used more often for cueing in physical therapy research. In terms of description of theoretical basis, theory of entrainment was more sufficiently described in music therapy research. These results indicate that while music therapy research maximized the role of various elements of music in intervening in gait function, physical therapy research addressed gait in relation to other physical functions. Considering that both aspects are essential for gait training, this study supports the need for a multidisciplinary approach to neurological rehabilitation with RAS.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.103-120
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• 2020

Objective : This study aims to understand the phenomenon of social admission in Korea's rehabilitation system by analyzing the perspectives of occupational therapists. Methods : We developed a written questionnaire based on RSAT and, in August 2019, distributed it to occupational therapists with more than three years of experience at the time. Data were analyzed using the van Kaam's method. Further, high frequency words were analyzed by word cloud in order to extract significant statements. Results : Forty-six written interviews were collected from various areas of Korea. We analyzed the data into 2 categories, 4 themes, 13 sub-themes. The two categories were 'hospital system' and 'external factors of occupational therapy practice'. The themes according to 'hospital system' were 'difficulties in implementing multidisciplinary approach' and 'inadequate discharge planning system'. The themes according to 'internal and external factors of occupational therapy' were analyzed as 'difficulties of occupational therapists' and 'difficulties in occupational therapy practice'. Conclusion : Occupational therapists in rehabilitation hospitals recognize that the reason for social admission is insufficient insurance systems related to occupational therapy services in rehab hospitals. This leads to difficulties in occupational therapy practice. We need to develop the insurance systems that can meet patient needs for social recovery.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.102-115
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• 1991

This study reviewed the stuttering literature and reported the clinical experiment in stuttering intervention. There is still no single answer as to the cause of stuttering or to the most effective therapy for stutterers despite the vast amount of research. One certain thing is that we have come closer to a better understanding of the stuttering and to more effective therapy. There have been three main statements about the origins of stuttering ; biologic origins ; psychodynamic origins ; environmental-learning origins. There also have been various methods of the treatment of stuttering. Broadly, two major treatment approaches are attentive ; stuttering modification therapy and fluency shaping therapy. In this experiment, the researcher attempted to investigate complex elements that each child might have and to use an integrative approach rather than to keep the specific one. Individual subjects were evaluated by a multidisciplinary team. Initially, the subjects received individual therapy. They then were placed in group therapy. The purpose of the group therapy was to raise their fluencies to the higher communicative situation and to maintain improved fluency over time. All three subjects improved their fluencies in reading and in conversation and showed the better(SSI)scores in total stuttering behaviors. It was also discussed that it is necessary to have sensitive assessment tools to investigate each element of stuttering ; and to develop a therapy program reflecting current advanced stuttering theories.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.177-187
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to classify the care needs of the older adults aged 65 and over and to identify characteristics of care need groups. This was a secondary analysis study using data from 2017 National Survey of Older Persons in Seoul. There were 50.4% in the general group without any support needs, 17.9% in the medical needs group, 14.2% in the welfare needs group with support needs of daily living or social activity, and 17.5% in the complex needs group with both medical and welfare needs. Significant differences were shown in most variables of the general characteristics, grading of long-term care or disability, financial burden and caregiving, health behaviors, health status, and life satisfactions among groups (p<.001). The complex care need group should be provided with integrated care service for medical and welfare through multidisciplinary team approach.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.81-92
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• 2017

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by persistent airflow limitation that is usually progressive. It is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, leading to substantial and increasing economic and social burden. Palliative care for COPD patients aims to reduce symptoms and exacerbations and improve exercise tolerance and quality of life. It is difficult to make a prognosis for COPD patients due to the variable illness trajectory and advanced care of patients. However, severity of breathlessness, assessment of lung function impairment, and frequency of exacerbations can help to identify palliative care needs and determine effective methods to mitigate symptoms, which is discussed in this paper. In these patients, it is recommended to provide individualized palliative care along with curative/restorative care at the onset of COPD symptoms. Before launching a palliative care system in Korea, it is necessary to prepare pulmonary rehabilitation resources, patient-centered communication, timely palliative responsiveness, and a program for effective advanced care planning. A multidisciplinary approach involving collaboration with not only the respiratory and palliative care teams but also primary care offers a new model of care for these patients and should be considered with a priority.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2015

The Japan National Committee for the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) and UICC-Asia Regional Office (ARO) organized a Roundtable Discussion as part of the official program of the UICC World Cancer Congress 2014 in Melbourne, Australia. The theme for the Roundtable Discussion was "Looking Toward the Realization of Universal Health Care 'UHC' for Cancer in Asia" and it was held on December 5, 2014. The meeting was held based on the recognition that although each country may take a different path towards the realization of UHC, one point that is common to all is that cancer is projected to be the most difficult disease to address under the goals of UHC and that there is, therefore, an urgent and pressing need to come to a common understanding and awareness with regard to UHC concepts that are a priority component of a post-MDG development agenda. The presenters and participants addressed the issue of UHC for cancer in Asia from their various perspectives in academia and international organizations. Discussions covered the challenges to UHC in Asia, collaborative approaches by international organizations, the need for uniform and relevant data, ways to create an Asia Cancer Barometer that could be applied to all countries in Asia. The session concluded with the recognition that research on UHC in Asia should continue to be used as a tool for cancer cooperation in Asia and that the achievement of UHC would require research and input not only from the medical community, but from a broad sector of society in a multidisciplinary approach. Discussions on this issue will continue towards the Asia-Pacific Cancer Conference in Indonesia in August 2015.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.771-804
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• 2014

The concept of the center of gravity is presently being introduced in elementary school curriculums and is broadly applied to Mathematics, Physics, and the Engineering field in University education which are mostly theoretical classes much separated from actual life in the practical educational field. In 2013, ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ University of Science and Gifted Education, had developed the multidisciplinary approach program of verifying the center of gravity for gifted students, but this program was reconstructed and applied to ordinary students and the effectiveness was analyzed to lay the foundation and generalize this convergence education. Including experiments for verifying the center of gravity in an object with a hollow interior and the existence of a center of gravity outside an object, I proposed realizing the calculations by considering the weight of the lever, the Principle of the lever being a core factor when finding the center of gravity. We altered the existing 8 step program to a 4 step program for the told 65 students from elementary, Junior and High School students, letting them freely select the class lecture by themselves. The analysis attained from surveys, debates and interviews showed that by precise error analysis, students achieved a higher success experience, showing us the importance of the development of a new convergence program.