• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.26-35
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• 2007

The vehicle of urban transit is a complex system that consists of various electric, electronic, and mechanical equipments, and the maintenance cost of this complex and large-scale system generally occupies sixty percent of the LCC (Life Cycle Cost). For reasonable establishing of maintenance strategies, safety security and cost limitation must be considered at the same time. The concept of system reliability has been introduced and optimized as the key of reasonable maintenance strategies. For optimization, three preceding studies were accomplished; standardizing a maintenance classification, constructing RBD (Reliability Block Diagram) of VVVF (Variable Voltage Variable Frequency) urban transit, and developing a web based reliability evaluation system. Historical maintenance data in terms of reliability index can be derived from the web based reliability evaluation system. In this paper, we propose applying inverse problem analysis method and hybrid neuro-genetic algorithm to system reliability optimization for using historical maintenance data in database of web based system. Feed-forward multi-layer neural networks trained by back propagation are used to find out the relationship between several component reliability (input) and system reliability (output) of structural system. The inverse problem can be formulated by using neural network. One of the neural network training algorithms, the back propagation algorithm, can attain stable and quick convergence during training process. Genetic algorithm is used to find the minimum square error.

• 전자공학회논문지SC
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 차량 OBD-II 인터페이스를 통해 쉽게 확보할 수 있는 차량 정보로부터 차량의 연료 소모량을 예측하는 방법을 제안하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 차량으로부터 제공되는 RPM, TPS 값이 연료 소모량과 상관관계가 있다고 가정하고, 차량 RPM, TPS를 입력으로 하며, 연료 소모량을 출력으로 하는 다항식 함수 관계를 모델링하였다. 차량 OBD-II 인터페이스를 이용하여 획득한 RPM, TPS 값과 차량관련 전문업체로부터 지원받은 연료 소모량 값의 상관관계를 2차 함수로 구성하였다. 본 논문에서는 제안한 방식의 유용성을 확인하기 위해 도심 도로 5Km를 실제 주행테스트를 수행하였고, 제안한 차량 데이터를 이용한 연료 소모량 예측 알고리즘의 성능이 우수함을 확인하였다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.272-282
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• 2017

In Bangladesh, since the beginning of 21st century, the poultry industry has become an unparalleled platform for a quick profit, the generation of local employment, and the production of cheaper animal proteins. This paper summarizes poultry industry-related facts and figures for Bangladesh, starting from the very beginnings of this sector when poultry farming was part of subsistence family farming only to today's highly commercialized horizon, through personal experiences, secondary data analysis, spot visits, and the sharing of views and ideas with stakeholders. A critical analysis reveals that the poultry industry in Bangladesh may become multi-dimensional and more stable in the near future as it establishes sufficient backward and forward linkages to input and output supplies. We can foresee its passing the very fast growing juvenile stages of higher net profit earning and less responsible then becoming fully mature. The projected demand and production potentials of this sector are increasing, but at a slower pace than before, in the face of some important challenges like emerging disease, higher prices of inputs, consumer preferences, and strong market competition. However, evidence suggests that the production systems of poultry in Bangladesh are entering a new era to cater to the needs of consumers, society, and government as it produces healthier and more diversified, further-processed foods, in the coming years. A better economy in the country, a more health-conscious population, and the availability of new and affordable innovations in this sector might be the driving forces to support the foreseen transformations.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.280-285
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• 2007

다중모드 광섬유 테이퍼(taper)를 이용하여 레이저와 광섬유 혹은 두 개의 서로 다른 광섬유 사이의 효과적인 광결합을 위한 모드 크기 변환기를 제안하고 구현하였다. 이 소자의 입력 단은 다중 모드 구조이고 출력단은 단일 모드 구조이다. 소자의 구조 및 광원과 소자사이의 결합 조건이 결합 효율에 미치는 영향을 이론적으로 분석하였다. 이론적 결과는 제안된 소자가 가우시안 빔을 단일모드 광섬유로 거의 손실 없이 결합할 수 있는 것을 보였다. 제안된 소자를 두 개의 마이크로 토치가 부착된 장비를 이용해 제작하였다. 실험 결과 제작된 다중모드광섬유 테이퍼를 통해 $50\;{\mu}m$ 빔 크기를 가지는 가우시안 빔을 단일모드 광섬유로 효과적으로 결합할 수 있는 것을 보였다. 소자의 삽입 손실은 1.3 dB였다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.40-48
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• 2007

이 논문은 다중 스케일 베이지안 관점에서 다층 퍼셉트론과 마코프 랜덤 필드를 사용한 새로운 결 분할 방법을 제안한다. 다층 퍼셉트론의 출력은 사후 확률을 모델링하므로 본 논문에서는 다중 스케일 웨이블릿 계수들을 다층 퍼셉트론의 입력으로 사용한다. 다층 퍼셉트론으로부터 구한 사후 확률과 MAP (maximum a posterior) 분류를 이용하여 각 스케일에서 결 분류를 수행한다. 또한 가장 섬세한 스케일에서 더 개선된 분할 결과를 얻기 위하여 모든 스케일에서 MAP 분류 결과들을 거친 스케일에서 섬세한 스케일까지 차례로 융합한다. 이런 과정은 한 스케일에서의 분류 정보와 그 인접한 보다 거친 스케일에서 얻어지는 문맥과 관련한 연역적 정보를 이용하여 MAP 분류를 행함으로써 이루어진다. 이 융합 과정에서, MRF (Markov random fields) 사전 모델이 평탄화 제한자로서 동작하고, 깁스 샘플러 (Gibbs sampler)는 MAP 분류기로서 동작한다. 제안한 분할 방법은 HMT (Hidden Markov Trees) 모델과 HMTseg 알고리즘을 이용한 결 분할 방법보다 더 좋은 성능을 보인다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제29권10호
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• pp.745-751
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• 2018

본 논문에서는 차량 LTE 통신용 다중대역 MIMO 안테나를 설계하고, 이를 차량에 부착하여 수행한 데이터 전송률 필드테스트 측정 결과에 대한 분석을 다루고 있다. 필드테스트에 이용된 안테나는 다중대역 공진 특성 확보를 위해 다수의 스터브를 포함한 평판 구조로 LTE(0.8~0.9 GHz, 1.7~2.2 GHz), WiFi(2.4~2.48 GHz) 및 WAVE(5.8~5.9 GHz) 주파수 대역에서 동작하도록 설계하였다. 안테나 시작품을 차량의 대시보드 및 루프에 설치하고, 실험용 LTE 모뎀에 연결하여 다양한 실전파 환경에서의 데이터 전송률(throughput), 신호 대 잡음 간섭비(SINR), 참조 신호 수신 품질(RSRQ) 등을 측정하고 분석하였다. 이를 바탕으로 전계 강도에 따른 SINR과 데이터 전송률 사이의 관계를 확인하였다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회A
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• pp.269-274
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• 2008

For fitness-for-service analyses of underground natural gas pipelines, engineering assessment methods against possible defects need to be developed. The assessment methods for high pressure pipeline of KOGAS, was developed using the full size pipe burst tests and the finite element analysis. It included the defect assessment methods for a single and multi-corrosion, corrosion in girth welding part, corrosion in seam welding part, the mechanical damage defects as dent and gouge, crack and large plastic deformation of API 5L X65 pipe. In addition, we developed method to assess pipeline integrity by internal and external load to buried pipeline. Evaluation results were compared with other methods currently being applied to the gas pipeline. The program of Windows environment is made for easily using assessment methods. It provides a consistent user interface, so non-professional technician can easily and friendly use the FFS program from company intranet. Several evaluation programs is easily installed using one installer. Each program constitutes a common input interface and the output configuration program, and evaluation result store and can be recalled at any time. The FFS program based on independent evaluation method is used to evaluate the integrity and safety of KOGAS pipeline, and greatly contribute to safe and efficient operation of pipeline. This paper presents experimental, analytical and numerical investigations to develop the FFS methods for KOGAS pipeline, used as high pressure natural gas transmission pipeline within KOREA. Also, it includes the description of the integrated program for FFS methods.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제28권1C호
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• pp.64-71
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 정지 영상의 압축 방식인 JPEG2000에서 영상의 질을 일정하게 유지하면서 부호화 시간을 단축시키는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 전체 이미지의 주파수 분포를 추정하여 출력 비트스트림을 위한 최적의 자름점(Truncation Point)을 찾아 선택된 비트플레인만 부호화하는 방법이다. 다해상도의 특징을 갖는 웨이블렛은 각각의 해상도마다 수직, 수평 및 대각선 주파수 성분을 얻을 수 있다. 이 주파수 상관관계는 전체 레벨에서 유지되며 입력영상에 따라 고유한 주파수 특징을 나타낸다. 따라서, 최상위 레벨의 주파수 관계로 각각의 코드블럭에서 부호화할 비트를 예측하여 적절한 자름점을 선택할 수 있어 부호화 시간을 단축시켰다. 또한 명도 성분보다는 에너지가 작은 컬러 성분에서 부호화 되지 않는 하위 레벨은 단순한 다운 샘플링만으로 저주파 통과 필터를 대신함으로써 부호화 시간을 줄이는 성과를 보였다. 이러한 제안된 알고리즘으로 부호화 시간을 약 15~36% 줄였으며 PSNR을 30$\pm$0.5㏈로 유지하였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권9호
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• pp.4398-4417
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• 2017

Multi-user Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output (MU-MIMO) has potential for prominently enhancing the capacity of wireless network by simultaneously transmitting to multiple users. User selection is an unavoidable problem which bottlenecks the gain of MU-MIMO to a great extent. Major state-of-the-art works are focusing on improving network throughput by using Channel State Information (CSI), however, the overhead of CSI feedback becomes unacceptable when the number of users is large. Some work does well in balancing tradeoff between complexity and achievable throughput but is lack of consideration of fairness. Current works universally ignore the rational utilizing of time resources, which may lead the improvements of network throughput to a standstill. In this paper, we propose TOUSE, a scalable and fair user selection scheme for MU-MIMO. The core design is dynamic-time-warping-based user selection mechanism for downlink MU-MIMO, which could make full use of concurrent transmitting time. TOUSE also presents a novel data-rate estimation method without any CSI feedback, providing supports for user selections. Simulation result shows that TOUSE significantly outperforms traditional contention-based user selection schemes in both throughput and fairness in an indoor condition.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.27-51
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• 2001

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the productive efficiency of world container ports by using the DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) method and raw data from previous research in measuring the international competitiveness of world container ports. Ports have to cope with rapid changes in shipping environments. In order for a port to compete in the global market, it must provide port services promptly and accurately. Basically, there are two approaches to measuring the international competitiveness of a container port. First, there is the traditional productivity analysis method, which analyzes productivity based on the container port's facilities (efficiency, selectivity, land availability), and by its general capacity (handling ability, storage capacity, terminal productivity). Second there is multi-attribute utility analysis, which considers several elements including the reasons for selecting particular container ports and factors determining international competitiveness. This paper follows the first method (traditional productivity analysis) and extends the limitation of previous studies by using the DEA method newly, and suggesting: the relative productive efficiency of container ports. The main results of this paper are as follows: First, the results of the DEA analysis in terms of world container ports matches that of a previous study (Jun et al., 1993) at a level of 35%. The low ratio is due to the constrained set of input-output elements, the result of only twenty container ports being analyzed in this paper. Second, the result of the DEA analysis in terms of North-East Asia's container ports matches with that of a previous study (Ha, 1996) at a level of 100 percent. Therefore we can conclude that the DEA analysis is the best measurement method for international competitiveness. Policy implications for this study are as follows: First, when port authorities want to measure the international competition power of container ports and enhance their productive efficiency, they should consider the traditional method and newly introduce the DEA method. Second, according to the analysis results of the DEA method, pen authorities should recommend benchmarking ports as reference ports in order to enhance the productive efficiency of container ports that show an efficiency score of below 1.