• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.52-52
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• 2022

Recently, PE (polyethylene) film has been used increasingly in com cultivation. However, PE films often cause soil and environment contamination. In order to reduce this problem, many researches have been carrying out studies on biodegradable films (BF) that are easily decomposed by soil microorganisms. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine which BF is optimal for growth and yield of com crops while also having the highest rates of film decomposition. BFs Farmsbio (Farm Hannong), Heulgro Film (Sejin Bio), Vonto Film (Eco-Hansung) as well as a selected PE film were used in this study. For the control, we used crops grown without any kind of mulching. Experimental fields were fertilized according to conventional cultivation methods, tilled, and then covered by either BF or PE. After 1 week, com (cv. MIBECK2ho) at the 3-leaf stage (16 days after seeding) was transplanted. Plant height was measured at 18 and 32 days after transplanting and heading stages. Yield components and yield were also measured at harvest. In addition, pH, EC, and decomposition and light transmittance levels of films were investigated during the experimental period. Daily average temperature, relative humidity and organic matter in soils were also measured during the experimental period. There was no significant difference in plant height, heading date, and silking between crops with BFs and PE, but the crops grown with BFs and PE films reached higher growth parameters in a shorter amount of time than the crops in the non-mulching control. Additionally, there were no significant differences in yield components such as length of ears, ear width, ear weight, and yield in crops that were grown using films or crops in the control plot. Light transmittance and decomposition levels of films generally increased with time after transplanting, and was highest in the Heulgro film than other BFs. Soil pH and organic matter in crops using BFs and PE films were significantly higher than in the control plot at 99 and 113 days after transplanting. In general, the EC contents in the control plot was lower than in crops using BFs and PE films. The average daily moisture in soil was higher when BFs and PE films were used than in the control plot. However, the daily average soil temperature was higher in crops using BFs and PE films than in the control plots at the beginning of the experimental period, but there was no consistent difference in soil temperature towards the later part of the experimental period. Therefore, the BFs used in this study were shown to be helpful without causing negative impacts on the growth and yield of com.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2004

Real time and robust algorithm to extract the features of watermelon was developed from the remotely transmitted image of the watermelon. Features of the watermelon at the cultivation site such as size and shape including position are crucial to the successful tole-robotic operation and development of the cultivation data base. Algorithm was developed based on the concept of task sharing between the computer and the operator utilizing man-computer interface. Task sharing was performed based on the functional characteristics of human and computer. Identifying watermelon from the image transmitted from the cultivation site is very difficult because of the variable light condition and the complex image contents such as soil, mulching vinyl, straws on the ground, irregular leaves and stems. Utilizing operator's teaching through the touch screen mounted on the image monitor, the complex time consuming image processing process and instability of processing results in the watermelon identification has been avoided. Color and brightness characteristics were analyzed from the image area specified by the operator's teaching. Watermelon segmentation was performed using the brightness and color distribution of the specified imae processing area. Modified general Hough transform was developed to extract the shape, major and minor axes, and the position, of the watermelon. It took less than 100 msec of the image processing time, and was a lot faster than conventional approach. The proposed method showed the robustness and practicability in identifying watermelon from the wireless transmitted color image of the cultivation site.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.1061-1069
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• 2019

Common reed (Phragmites australis) is widespread in reclaimed land and wetland habitats. Every year, the common reed produces extensive colonies by means of underground rhizomes and ground-surface stolons. From an agricultural point of view, the common reed's large biomass is a good material for supplying organic matter. However, it has not yet been studied in terms of seedling production, transplanting conditions, and decomposition characteristics in reclaimed land. Seeds were harvested from the native common reed in Saemangeum, South Korea, the previous year and stored on an open field. The seeds were sowed in the greenhouse at the beginning of April. Common reed decomposition was studied from June to September, with the use of coarse mesh (5 mm) stem litterbags, on three samping dates and with five replicate packs per sample. These packs were dug in five soil condition (low-salinity topsoil, subsoil, high-salinity topsoil, subsoil, paddy topsoil) to 0.2 m and 0.4 m depth. The highest germination rate of common reed seeds was observed in non-salt solution, but the exhibited germination rate was 70% at 9.38 dS m^-1. The plant height of young reed decreased steadily with increasing salinity, but leaf number did not decrease by 9.38 dS m^-1. The survival rate of the two-year-old reed was 83.3%, which was 35% higher than that of the one-year reed. The transplant success rate was 0% in the no vinyl mulching in the soil, but the first year and second year seedlings survived rates were 63% and 83.3%, respectively, in vinyl mulching. Common reed decomposition rates were faster low salinity than high salinity. All nutrient contents were found to fluctuate significantly with time by soil conditions. We also need to study the growth rate of reed transplanting seedlings by soil moisture contents and the comparison of degradation in common reed tissues.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.472-500
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• 1996

Researches on mineral nutrition, physiology and phyrsiological diseases, . cultivaction methods. brceding. pest control quality management and extension during 1976-1995 in Korea were reviewed Review in brceding and pest control was restricted to the researches directely related to cultivaction. Mineral nulrient up take. partion and varicos factors such as top dreasing. Light intersity etc. and interrelationship between minerals were investigated. Top dressing was not effective due to low minera1 requorement Physiological characteristics on tempelature light and water were well elucidated and applied to assess traditional cultivation method and its inovation. Photosyrnthetic pigments. light harvest proteins and activity of related enzymes were studied. In nitrogen metabolism arginine, praline, ammonium, threonine appeared to have important role in re growth of shoot Saponin metabolism was studied in relation to growth and new ginsenosides were found but physiological role of saponin was not clearly elucidated yet Endogenous growth regulators were reported and various erogenous growth regulators were studied for growth stimulation. short stem and seed pruning etc. Various physiological diseases were investigated for cause and control measures were established. Water culture was little studied Forest culture was studied but not retched the recommendable stage Drip irrigation straw mulching. seasonal shading and soil preparation method including soil fertility adjustment were established for practical application. Shading materials completely changed to polyethylene net and materials of polymers The research on ginseng cultivation in paddy field opened the way to establish the permanent ginseng cultivation plantation Ginseng harvester and seeder were developed in the late 1950s. Transplanted and many other machines were developed in the early 1990s. In ginseng breeding only pure line selection was of practical significance several verities were at the stage of seed propagation at ginseng plantations. Mutation breeding (${\gamma}$-ray. X-ray chemicals) was not successful. The research on plantlet formation through tissue culture was a little progressed but still far behind to vegetative propagation. Disease control research was concentrated in the isolation and identification of pathogans. their ecological charactelistics and biological control and soil humigation. Potato root rot nematodes was found and control method was established. Insect and small animal control research was greatly progresses in identification, ecological investigation, and ecological and physical control. Weed control was less important due to the development of mulching method of ridge and ditch. Quality factors of raw ginseng in relation to red ginseng process were extensively studied. Traditional quality measures were elucidated in accordance with modern analytical chemistry resulting in the importance of peptides in the centrat part rather than ginsenosides For large root production growth promoting rootzone micrcorganisms (PGPRM) were isolated and active compounds were identified. Field test on PGPRM was on going. Varictus methods formality improvement through cultivation were developed. Management research of ginseng production was rare Extension was active throuch official and private organizations and through workshop for the extension specialists, and direct lectures to grower's. Extension services made the researcher to understand the existing problems at grower's fields. Research environment for ginseng production was in prime time only for three years when Korea Ginseng Research Institute was established then gradually aggravated.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.202-210
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• 1983

보리 조숙품종을 육성하기 위해 교배친으로 선발한 10개 품종을 환경을 달리하여 등숙 제 형질간 관계, 품종간 변이와 분리세대에서의 유전율을 조사할 조건을 알고자 본 시험을 실시하였는데 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 등숙속도의 품종간 차이는 현저하였고 Tokak은 온실과 포장에서 그 증가량이 비슷하게 컸으며 수원 2조는 대표적인 단기 등숙성 품종으로 등숙이 빠르고 등숙율이 큰 품종이었으나 그러한 조건에서 회분함량이 적었다. 2. 생리적 성숙기에 종구의 기부에 엽록소 소실(황변 또는 흑변) 시기를 성숙기의 지표로 이용할 가능성은 좀 더 연구가 필요하다. 3. 성숙기에 처리간 평균 등숙일수는 34일로 비슷하나 품종간 변이는 온실에서 9일, 포장에서 5일이었고 수분함량은 처리 및 품종간에 변이가 컸다. 4. 포장 대비 비닐피복구에서 평균 출수촉진 및 등숙촉진 일수는 12일 정도로 공시된 품종들의 등숙일수는 재배환경이 어느 정도 변화하여도 일정하여 등숙성에 관한 유전연구 재료로 이용이 가능하다. 5. 등숙초기에 $100^{\circ}C$당 적산온도가 큰 경우 등숙율이 높고 천립중이 무거웠으며 천립중의 연구를 위하여는 충분한 곡립의 발육조건이 필요하다. 6. 본 시험결과는 개체변이를 최소화시킬 수 있다면 온실과 포장의 비닐피복 조건에서 분리세대의 등숙성에 관한 유전연구의 가능성을 제시하여 준다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.512-519
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• 1994

박하를 대상으로 재배조건 및 수확시기에 빠른 방향 성분의 함량변화를 조사한 결과 박하의 생육은 비닐보온시험구에서 초기에 왕성한 생육을 보였지만, 수확기가 가까와 짐에 따라 다른 시험구와 유사하게 성장하였으며, 강유량과 일조시간에 따라 줄기와 잎의 성장속도에서 매우 많은 차이를 보였다. 수확시기에 따른 조성분의 변화는 l-menthone의 l-menthol로의 환원과정이 일조시간의 차이에 따라 그 진행속도가 빨라졌으며, 수확말기에 가서는 특히 menthofuran의 함량이 급속히 증가하는 현상을 보였다. 따라서 전체적으로 정유 조성분의 비율이 가장 양호한 시험구는 7월 5일과 7월 7일 수확분으로서, 이 시기가 수확 적기임을 알 수 있었고 정유의 우율도 이 시기에 가장 높게 확인되었다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.75-86
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• 2018

This research was thereby made to study and analysis ecological, landscape, and stability qualities of roadside cut Slopes in expressways and national highways that went through revegetation works. Also, evaluation items and framework for integrated assessment of plant structure and restored state for the maintenance were suggested. Following is the summary of the result. firstly, for stabilization of introduced native plant species on roadside cut slops, assessment on the post-project environmental management through long-term monitoring and maintenance works must be made. It signifies a form of authentic recovery and restoration by the native plants. second, current evaluation framework on the test beds is well managed with clear evaluation standards and table while its method of assessing the post management with only test bed results lacks conformity with this study site. Newly developed evaluation framework on the post construction sites is estimated to be used as assessment standards on any roadside construction sites. Third, after site investigation distinction was observed among different revegetating construction types in the long-term perspective. Due to the different duration time of vegetation state between seed-spray measures(degraded in time) and layer-spray measure(maintained), the use of coarse straw-mat mulching work or Coir net was suggested in long term maintenance of cut slopes. forth, segmentation of post environmental assessment is organized into three large categories of "ecological", "stabile", and "landscape" qualities regarding post restoration quality and stability of slope through native plants with which categories marks 50, 30, 20 points of rates. fifth, components of the post environmental assessment were segmented in twelve categories driving results from former experimental construction and newly focused items on site. In the future, it is possible to propose a customized assessment method considering the location and location of construction work if the research on the application of post-environment assessment methods for road construction surface recording is conducted systematically.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.83-87
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• 2006

작약의 재배 기간을 단축시켜 생산비를 줄이기 위한 시험을 수행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 하우스재배에서는 노지에 비하여 맹아의 출현과 개화가 촉진되었으나 지상부 및 뿌리의 생육이 불량하였고 2년생의 10a당 수량은 533kg으로 무처리 보다 19% 감수되었다. 분주묘 크기가 $100g{\sim}130g$인 대묘를 식재한 경우 2년생 뿌리 수량이 관행 재배 2년생에 비하여 15% 증수되었다. 대묘(노두 무게 $100{\sim}130g$)를 이랑너비 60cm, 포기사이 25cm로 밀식하고 흑색비닐을 식재부터 수확까지 2년간 피복한 것이 생육과 뿌리 품질이 양호하였고, 10 a당 뿌리수량이 902kg으로 가장 많았다. 작약을 $3{\sim}4$년 만에 수확하던 것에 대치하여 2년 만에 수확할 수 있는 방법은 대묘를 식재하거나, 대묘를 밀식하여 식재부터 수확까지 흑색비닐을 피복하는 방법인데, 이 경우 농가관행 3년생에 비하여 수량의 차이는 있었으나 10 a당 년간소득은 $15{\sim}28%$ 향상되어 재배기간을 1년 단축시키고 경지 이용율을 높이면서 생산비를 획기적으로 줄일 수 있었다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.41-56
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• 1989

The purpose of this study is to find out the basic data for irrigation plans of garlic and cucumber during the growing period, such as total amount of evapotranspiration, coefficients of evapotranspiration at each growth stage, the peak stage of evapotranspiration and the maximum evapotranspiraton, optimum irrigation point, total readily available moisture, and intervals of irrigation date. The plots of experiment were arranged with split plot design which were composed of two factors, irrigation point for main plot and soil texture for split plot, and three levels ; irrigation points with pP 1.7-2.1, pP 2.2-2.5, pP 2.6-2.8, for garlic and those with pP 1.9, pF 2.3, pP 2.7, for cucumber, soil textures of silty clay, sandy loam and sandy soil for both garlic and cucumber, with two replications. The results obtained are summarized as follows 1.There was the highest significant correlation between the avapotranspiration of garlic and cucumber and the pan evaporation, beyond all other meteorological factors considered, as mentioned in the previous paper. Therefore, the pan evaporation is enough to be used as a meteorological index measuring the quantity of evapotranspiration. 2.1/10 probability values of maximum total pan evaporation during growing period for garlic and cucumber were shown as 495.8mm and 406.8mm, respectively, and those of maximum ten day pan evaporation for garlic and cucumber, 63.8mm and 69.7mm, respectively. 3.The time that annual maximum of ten day pan evaporation can be occurred, exists at any stage between the middle of May and the late of June(harvest period) for garlic, and at any stage of growing period for cucumber. 4.The magnitude of evapotranspiration and of its coefficient for garlic and cucumber was occurred in the order of pF 1.7-2.1>pF 2.2-2.5>pF 2.6-2.8 and of pF 1.9>pF 2.3>pF2.7 respectively in aspect of irrigation point and of sandy loam>silty clay>sandy soil in aspect of soil texture for both garlic and cucumber. 5.The magnitude of leaf area index was shown in the order of pF 2.2-2.5>pF 1.7-2.1>pF 2.6-2.8 for garlic and of pF 1.9>pF 2.3>pF 2.7 for cucumber in aspect of irrigation point, and of sandy loam>sandy soil>silty clay in aspect of soil texture for both garlic and cucumber. 6.1/10 probability value of evapotranspiration and its coefficient during the growing period for garlic were shown as 391.7mm and 0.79 respectively, while those of cucumber, 423.lmm and 1.04 respectively. 7.The time the maximum evapotranspiration of garlic can be occurred is at the date of thirtieth before harvest period and the time for cucumber is presumed to be at the date of sixtieth to seventieth after transplanting, At that time, 1/10 probability value of ten day evapotranspiration and its coefficient for garlic is presumed to be 65.lmm and 1.02 respectively, while those of cucumber, 94.8mm and 1.36 respectively. 8.In aspect of irrigation point, the weight of raw garlic and cucumber were increased in the order of pF 2.2-2.5>pF 1.7-2.1>pF 2.6-2.8 and of pF 1.9>pF 2.3>pF 2.7 respectively. Therefore, optimum irrigation point for garlic and cucumber is presumed to be pF 2.2-2.5 and pF 1.9 respectively, when the significance of yield between the different irrigation treatments is considered. 9.Except the mulching period of garlic that soil moisture extraction patterns were about the same, those of garlic and cucumber have shown that maximum extraction rate exists at 7cm deep layer at the beginning stage after removing mulching for garlic and at the beginning stage of growth for cucumber and that extraction rates of 21cm to 35cm deep layer are increased as getting closer to the late stage of growth. 10.Total readily available moisture of garlic in silty clay, sandy loam, sandy soil become to be 18.71-24.96mm, 19.08-25.43mm, 10.35- 13.80mm respctively on the basis of the optimum irrigation point with pF 2.2-2.5, while that of cucumber, 11.8lmm, 12.03mm, 6.39mm respectively on the basis of the optimum irrigation point with pF 1.9. 11.The intervals of irrigation date of garlic and cucumber at the growth stage of maximum consumptive use become to be about three and a half days and one and a half days respectively, on the basis of each optimum irrgation point.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제6권
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• pp.7-12
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• 1988

우리 나라 재래종중(在來種中) 내용성분(內容成分) 면(面)에서 바람직한 향끽미(香喫味) 물질(物質)을 함유(含有)하고 있는 것으로 알려진 향초(香草)를 대상(對象)으로 이식시기(移植時期)가 향끽미(香喫味) 물질(物質)에 미친 영향(影響)을 구명(究明)하여 얻어진 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 전(全)알카로이드 함량(含量)은 7월(月) 5일(日) 이식구(移植區)가 4.16%로 가장 높고 5월(月) 20일(日) 이식구(移植區)는 1.37%로 가장 낮았으며, 니코틴 함량(含量)은 전(全)알카로이드 함량(含量)과 같은 경향(傾向)을 보였다. 전당(全糖) 함량(含量)은 4월(月) 20일(日) 이식구(移植區)가 12%로 가장 높았고 이것보다 이식(移植)이 빠르거나 늦을 수록 감소(減少)되는 경향(傾向)이었다. 석유(石油)에텔추출물(抽出物)은 4월(月) 5일(日) 이식구(移植區)가 5.77%로 가장 높았고 이식시기(移植時期)가 늦을 수록 감소(減少)하였다. 전당(全糖) 석유(石油)에텔추출물(抽出物) 전질소(全窒素)는 4월(月) 20일(日) 이식구(移植區)에서 가장 높았으며 이식시기(移植時期)가 빠를 수록 지방산(脂肪酸), malic산(酸)과 citric산(酸) 함량(含量)은 감소(減少)되었다. 이식시기(移植時期)가 빠를 수록 2.3-methylbutanoic산(酸), 3-methylpentanoic산(酸)의 함량(含量)이 증가(增加)되었다.