• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.55-63
• /
• 2021

This study proposes an interface for providing mobile interaction suitable for mobile virtual reality (VR) and analyzes it through comparative experiments. The proposed interface is premised on not using additional equipment except for the mobile head-mounted display(HMD) in consideration of accessibility and usability. And the interface that controls the movement interaction using the user's gaze is designed in two phases. The key is to minimize the occurrence of negative factors such as VR sickness that can be caused by straight line movement in virtual reality. To this end, two phases are designed: an interface composed of forward/backward buttons to move the gaze toward the ground, and an interface composed of left and right buttons on the front in consideration of the gaze change in real walking motion. An application that can compare and analyze movement interactions through the proposed interface is produced, and a survey experiment is conducted to analyze the user's satisfaction with the interface experience and the negative impact on the movement process. It was confirmed that the proposed movement interaction reduced negative effects such as VR sickness along with a satisfactory interface experience for users.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.13-20
• /
• 2003

In an experimental study, we assessed human sensibility in terms of psychophysiological response according to change of speeds (40, 70, 100km/h) in a driving simulator and application of motion fitters (washout filter, non-washout later) in a roller coaster simulator. For the driving and roller coaster simulators, a group of 12 healthy men in their twenties and a group of 8 healthy men in their twenties, respectively, participated. Participants each completed a simulator sickness questionnaire (SSQ), a subjective assessment of sensations of pleasantness, tension, and arousal, and perception of speed. Physiological signals were measured by 1/f fluctuation of EEG (electroencephalogram), ECG (electrocardiogram), and GSR (galvanic skin response). These were measured pre-to-post under the experimental conditions for each simulator. Subjective pleasantness, tension, arousal, and perception of speed and physiological responses indicating a feeling of pleasantness by 1/f fluctuation were higher for the roller coaster simulator than those measured for low speed driving in the driving simulator. The mean frequency of alpha band (8-l3㎐) in EEG increased with exposure to the driving simulator relative to that for the roller coaster simulator. Heart rate variability and GSR were significantly changed between pre- and post- under each condition in the driving and roller coaster simulators. The data suggest that subjective sensibility was elevated according to gain of speed and variety of simulator motion, and physiological responses were activated with increased speed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.103-113
• /
• 2021

Rather than a directing method of existing animations, VR animation needs a different method of direction. Existing animations were displayed on a screen in movie theaters. But using an existing direction method for the 360° perspective in a VR animation makes it difficult for the user's gaze to move in a way the directors have intended. I analyzed 3 VR animations with a theoretical background of Rudolf Arnheim's visual perception theory and Bruce Block's visual factors that bring high attention. In the process of perception of space, focus on the gaze, movement of the gaze, the 'movement' factor was used most often to attract the gaze. An interactive VR animation attracts user's gaze by allowing users to participate in important points of the story. With an analysis of the animation, it proposed a gaze attraction through the movement of the character with an interaction directing method for reducing motion sickness. Also, it proposed intuitively attracting gaze movement by using GUI and attracting user's participation by using an interactive event with an interaction directing method of storytelling comprehension. With two types of directing proposal, we expect it to be utilized as a basic research method for attracting users to be immersed in storytelling while reducing cyber motion sickness, which is a problem in VR animation.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2022

Body ownership illusion (BOI), which means 'the illusion that a non-bodily object feels like my body', has been actively studied since the Rubber-hand Illusion showed that a person can feel a rubber hand like one's own hand. It has been proven that BOI can be elicited for virtual bodies in virtual reality. Although many studies have been examined the effect of visuomotor (VM) and visuotactile (VT) stimuli, which are mainly used for the elicitation of BOI, there were very limited studies that delivered both stimuli to the whole body at the same time. In this paper, we investigated how each stimulus affects BOI when delivering VM and VT stimulisimultaneously to the virtual avatar, and examined user experience that appears as presence, emotion, and virtual motion sickness. The results showed that BOI was high when VM is synchronous, but there was no significant difference according to VT levels. In the case of presence, it was confirmed that VT affects only when VM is synchronous, and in the case of emotion, both VM and VT affect valence, and in the case of virtual motion sickness, a statistical difference is not found.These results suggest that overall synchrony of VM is important factor in BOI with virtual avatars, but that the matching VT affects subjective experience such as presence when VM is synchronous.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.149-158
• /
• 2023

HMD, which is applied with the latest technology, minimizes motion sickness with high-resolution displays and fast motion recognition, and can accurately track location and motion. This can provide an environment where you can immerse yourself in a virtual three-dimensional space, and virtual reality contents such as disaster simulators and high-risk equipment learning spaces are developing using these characteristics. These advantages are also applicable in the field of basic science education. In particular, expanding the concepts of electric and magnetic fields in physics described by existing two-dimensional data into three-dimensional spaces and visualizing them in real time can greatly help improve learning understanding. In this paper, realistic physical education environments and contents based on three-dimensional virtual reality are developed and the developed learning contents are experienced by actual learning subjects to prove their effectiveness. A total of 46 middle school and college students were taught and experienced in real time the electric and magnetic fields expressed in three dimensions in a virtual reality environment. As a result of the survey, more than 85% of positive responses were obtained, and positive results were obtained that three-dimensional virtual space-based physical learning could be effectively applied.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
• /
• v.61 no.2
• /
• pp.125-134
• /
• 2024

The Safe Operating Envelope (SOE) combined with Short-Take-Off and Vertical Landing (STOVL) performance is an essential consideration of a light aircraft carrier for design of hull shape with excellent seakeeping performance in terms of naval air operations as well as traditional naval ship missions such as Transit and Patrol (TAP), and Replenishment at Sea (RAS) and so on. A variety of procedures are systematically combined to determine SOE considering rather complicated missions associated with operation of aircraft onboard. The evaluation of take-off and landing safety missions onboard should consider wind effect on deck and severer seakeeping indices and standards compared with conventional naval ships. In order to support take-off and landing missions, various support activities of the crews are required. So, additional evaluation is needed for indicators such as MSI(Motion sickness Index) and MII(Motion Induced Interruptions), which are quantitative indicators of work ability that appear as a result of motion response. In this study, a standard procedure is developed including the seaworthiness performance indicators, standards, and evaluation procedures that should be considered during design of STOVL aircraft carrier. Analysis results are discussed in terns of air-wake on deck as well as seakeeping indices associated with design parameter changes in view of conceptual design of a light aircraft carrier.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
• /
• v.48 no.3
• /
• pp.433-451
• /
• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate how the type of virtual reality content production affects the interaction and immersion that is a virtual reality characteristic, and to provide the platform companies and content producers with the basic information necessary to provide the production and service of content suitable for VR characteristics. Methods: Based on the data collected in the survey, multiple regression analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were used. The measurement tools used in this study were studied through three-dimensional composition, including the characteristics and interaction and immersion of content produced in 2D, 3D and 360°, which are elements of virtual reality characteristics. Results: The results of this study are as follows. Among the types of content production, content produced with 2D and 360 technologies was found to affect immersion, while content produced in 3D affected interaction. Motion sickness has been investigated to affect both immersion and interaction. Conclusion: Service-provided platform enterprises and content-making enterprises should consider content-making and providing services that suit service characteristics and purposes, taking into account the characteristics of interaction and immersion in content-making investment and service delivery.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2002.10a
• /
• pp.727-732
• /
• 2002

This study is to develop the model of alignment optimization based on design criteria by approaching through alignment of railway design and problems in economy, environment and technology for satisfying traffic volume of the main roads caused by economical and social developments. Now, Geographic Information System isn't applied when designing a present railway in home. And the design of railway alignment is still set on importance of transition curves and cant according to passenger comfort in abroad so tile study of railway alignment is at initiation phase so far. This paper is about decision of optimal alignment between two stations such as starting point and ending point automatically using GIS in optimization of railway alignment. A route between Sungsan city and Shinpung city is the training area and the study compared and evaluated optimal railway route by GIS automatically with present railway route designed. Present optimal fomulas was used in this study for optimization of railway alignment. The model of optimization of railway alignment was developed through topographical elements and it was mentioned by the model of road alignment because of the similarity in design of alignment. But the design of lateral track irregularities, cant fur passenger comfort and motion sickness fellowed by train rolling have to be considered more. Anyway, this study farmed the basis of using GIS and the study should be keep going on in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2019.05a
• /
• pp.208-210
• /
• 2019

Creating a virtual reality ecosystem is more important than anything else for virtual reality, which has recently been drawing attention as a sector of the fourth industrial revolution. Virtual reality ecosystem consists of content (C), device (D), platform (P), and network (N). While content is key among these, virtual reality depends on input and output devices, so device utilization is very important. Recently, hands-on devices are being developed for realistic experiences. This study presents examples of contents development using VirZOOM, an experienced device, to reduce immersion and motion sickness of VR contents. We look forward to further promoting the development of virtual reality content in the future through this study.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.181-186
• /
• 2023

With the development of VR technology, the visual immersion of VR games has been greatly enhanced nowadays. There has been an issue that has been troubling players in previous VR games, which is motion sickness. Therefore, VR games have been limited in terms of game mechanics, game duration, and game scale, greatly reducing the immersive experience of visual immersion. However, <Half-Life: Alyx> is different from previous VR games in that players can actually perform spatial displacement in the game scene, rather than being fixed in one place for 360-degree observation and interaction. At the same time, compared to traditional games, VR games no longer need to rely on screens, and the complete visual immersion enhances the fun and playability of the game. This research focuses on the VR game <Half-Life: Alyx> to explore its immersive factors in terms of visual perception. Through in-depth analysis of elements such as color, texture mapping, lighting, etc. in VR games, it was found that the game creates a strong sense of visual immersion in these aspects. Through analysis, it is helpful to gain a deeper understanding of the factors that contribute to visual immersion in VR games, which has certain reference value for game developers and related professionals.