• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.17-26
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to compare parenting stress between mothers who have young children with and without disabilities. The subjects of this study were 100 mothers who take care of disabled children and 123 mothers who take care of non-disabled children. The children's ages were from 3 to 6 years. The results of this study were as follows; First, the mothers who have disabled children have more parenting stress than those who have ordinary children. Second, the mothers who have developmentally disabled children had more parenting stress than mothers who had other disabled children. Children's and mothers' ages had an influence on the parenting stress of the ordinary mothers. The mothers who had children with and without disabilities got less parenting stress as the mothers received more higher parenting efficacy, parent role satisfaction, marital satisfaction and family support.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.44 no.12
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• pp.179-188
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• 2006

This study compared parental satisfaction between mothers who have young children with and without disabilities. The study subjects were 100 mothers who take care of disabled children and 123 mothers who take care of non-disabled children. The children's ages were from 3 to 6 years. The results of this study were as follows First, the mothers who take care of disabled children had lower mother's parental satisfaction than those who have ordinary mothers. Second, the children's age and the degree of disability had an affirmative influence on the parental satisfaction of the mothers who have disabled children. There were significant differences in the parental satisfaction of the mothers who have ordinary children according to mothers' age and their educational background. The parental satisfaction in both mother groups increased with increasing parenting efficacy, marital satisfaction and family support, and with decreasing parenting stress. Finally, parenting efficacy, children's age, parenting stress, and family support significantly predicted the parental satisfaction of the mothers who have disabled children while parenting efficacy, parenting stress, and educational background significantly predicted the parental satisfaction of the mothers who have ordinary children.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.299-313
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• 2020

This study investigated the relationship among fathers' parenting involvement, mothers' parenting competence, and young children's self-control. Participants consisted of 325 mothers and young children (169 boys and 153 girls) from the Seoul area who completed questionnaires on fathers' parenting involvement, mothers' parenting competence, and young children's self-control. Data were statistically analyzed using basic descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Baron and Kenny's method was examined. Subsequently, the Sobel test was performed to check the mediating model's significance and was adapted to SPSS version 21.0 for Windows. The major findings were as follows. First, fathers' parenting involvement was positively correlated with young children's self-control and mothers' parenting competence. Second, mothers' parenting competence was positively correlated with young children's self-control. The mothers' parenting competence indicated a tendency to play a perfectly/partially play a mediating role between fathers' parenting involvement and young children's self-control; consequently, a fathers' parenting involvement had a direct effect as well as an indirect effect through the mothers' parenting competence on young children's self-control. The results indicated that a mothers' parenting competence plays a crucial role in the relationship between a fathers' parenting involvement and the young children's self-control.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.53-70
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• 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the mediating effects of mother's smartphone addiction on the relationship between mothers' parenting stress and young children's smartphone addiction. Methods: This study conducted a survey targeting a total of 327 mothers with young children between the ages of 3-5 years that were attending kindergartens and daycare centers in Gyeonggi-do, Gangwon-do, and the Busan region. After exploring the relationship between mothers' parenting stress, mothers' smartphone addiction, and young children's smartphone addiction based on the collected data, this study comparatively analyzed the complete mediation and partial mediation models by using the structural equation. Results: The mothers' smartphone addiction played a partial mediating role in the relationship between mothers' parenting stress and young children's smartphone addiction. In other words, the mothers' parenting stress and mothers' smartphone addiction were important variables for young children's smartphone addiction. Conclusion/Implications: This study aims to provide basiv data for the prevention of problems caused by young children's smartphone addiction, by exploring the paths of mothers' parenting stress and mothers' smartphone addiction which have effects on young children's smartphone addiction.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.83-102
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• 2017

Objective: This study investigates the main effects and interaction effects of mother's reactions to young children's negative emotions on the children's problem behaviors. Methods: A total of 346 mothers with toddlers completed questionnaires, the data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression. Results: First, mothers' supportive response to young children's negative emotions, including expressive encouragement, emotion-focused reactions, and problem-focused reactions, showed negative relations with the children's internal and external problem behaviors. Mothers' unsupportive response to children's negative emotions, including distress reactions, minimization reactions, and punitive reactions, showed positive relations with the children's internal and external problem behaviors. Second, an interactive effect was observed. For external problem behavior, mothers' lower distress reactions accompanied by higher emotion-focused reactions, lower punitive reactions accompanied by higher emotion-focused reactions, lower distress reactions accompanied by higher problem-focused reactions, and lower punitive reactions accompanied by higher problem-focused reactions all decreased children′s problem behavior. However, for internal problem behavior, only mothers' lower distress reactions accompanied by higher emotion-focused reaction decreased children′s problem behavior. Conclusion/Implication: The main interaction effect on mothers' reaction to young children's negative emotional expression shows that preventive intervention is needed to address problem behavior.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.408-414
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the correlation between anxiety and mastery in hospitalized young children's mothers. Methods: The subjects were 118 mothers of young children who were hospitalized in a pediatric unit. Self-report questionnaires were used to measure the variables of anxiety and mastery. In the data analysis, SPSSWIN 23.0 was used for descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficients and multiple regression. Results: The reliability of instruments were found to have a Cronbach's alpha of .84 to .92. Anxiety correlated negatively with mastery (r=-.43, p<.001) and positively with duration of hospitalization (r=.26, p=.004). In multiple regression, mastery and duration of hospitalization were significant predictors of anxiety in hospitalized young children's mothers, explaining 24.0%. Conclusions: Anxiety and mastery were significant variables in hospitalized young children's mothers. A strategy of nursing intervention which decreases anxiety in mothers must be developed by increasing the level of mastery in mothers of hospitalized young children.

• Journal of health informatics and statistics
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.282-289
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors related to nutrients intakes among young children aged 1-5 years and their mothers. Methods: The study subjects were 621 young children and their mothers from the data of 2nd year (2014) and 3rd year (2015) of the 6th National Health and Nutrition Survey. To find a difference of Recommended Nutrient Intake in young children and their mothers, independent t-test, ANOVA, and Duncan test as a post-hoc analysis were used. For the factors influencing young children Recommended Nutrient Intakes, hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used. Results: The mean score of Recommended Nutrient Intakes was $6.92{\pm}2.17$ in young children and $4.74{\pm}2.06$ in mothers. The Recommended Nutrient Intakes of young children was increased according to gender (boy) (p=0.001), increasing young children age ($p{\leq}0.001$), young children breakfast frequency (p<0.001), mothers age (p<0.001), education level (p=0.020) and mothers lunch frequency (p=0.002) and family income (p=0.007). The Recommended Nutrient Intakes of mothers was increased according to their age (p=0.005), family income (p=0.020) and having breakfast (p=0.038). The factor that influenced young children Recommended Nutrient Intakes was their mothers Recommended Nutrient Intakes (${\beta}=0.21$, p<0.001). Conclusions: Given the results, it is necessary to establish a plan or nutrition education for young children's menu differently depending on their age and gender. Since mothers' Recommended Nutrient Intakes influence their young children's Recommended Nutrient Intakes, it is necessary to provide mothers' with nutrition education about the importance of mothers' nutrition management and right nutrient intakes, and to make customized nutrition education guidelines in consideration of mothers' characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.35-51
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• 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of young children's emotionality on their smartphone overuse and to verify the mediation effect of mothers' play participation on the relationship between young children's emotionality and their smartphone overuse. Methods: Research participants include 274 mothers and their children aged 2 to 4 years old. The mothers completed questionnaires. Data analysis was performed with Pearson's correlation coefficient and mediation analysis using SPSS 23.0. Results: The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, The young children's emotionality showed a positive association with their smartphone overuse. Second, Their emotionality was negatively associated with their mothers' play participation. Finally, the mothers' play participation was found to partially mediate the relationship between young children's emotionality and smartphone overuse. Conclusion/Implications: The results of this study suggest that it is necessary to provide parent education for supporting mothers' play participation to prevent children from developing smartphone overuse.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.247-258
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• 2022

Purpose: This study investigated the parenting experiences of mothers of young children born moderate-to-late preterm (MLPT) in South Korea. Methods: In this qualitative study, semi-structured focus group interviews were conducted with 10 mothers of MLPT children from infancy to preschool age. The interviews were video-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Four categories resulted from the analysis of parenting experiences of mothers with young MLPT children, as follows: "becoming a mother of an early-born child", "difficulties as the primary caregiver for a high-risk child", "helpful social support, but still a lack of professional support for parenting a high-risk child", and "mothers and children growing together". Conclusion: Mothers of young MLPT children experienced difficulties due to concerns about their child's health, growth and development, and insufficient child-rearing support. Therefore, social support systems should be strengthened and more aggressive nursing strategies should be adopted for mothers of young MLPT children.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.54
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• pp.155-185
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to determine types, causes and instructional methods of challenging behaviors perceived by mothers of young children with and without disabilities. Then it was also to determine influencing factors of mothers' socio-demographic variables and mothers' perceptions of types and causes of young children's challenging behaviors on using instructional methods perceived by the mothers. The subjects were 176 mothers of young children aged from two to six including 100 mothers of young children without disabilities and 76 mothers of young children with disabilities in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. Results showed that first, there were significant differences in areas on internalized challenging behaviors and avoidance of social activities for the types of challenging behaviors. Second, on the cause of challenging behaviors, areas on children's behaviors and nature had significant differences between the groups. Third, on instructional method of challenging behaviors, there were significant differences on areas of establishing supportive environment and social and emotional strategies. Lastly, for the mothers of young children without disabilities, mothers' educational background and children's nature area as cause of challenging behaviors significantly affected instructional methods. For the mothers of young children with disabilities, family's income and others area as cause of challenging behaviors affected instructional methods. Developing practical application strategies were suggested based on the results. Research limitations and further research suggestions were also discussed.