• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.21-39
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between parental attribution and self-perception in parenting roles according to parenting success or failure situations. A total of 138 mothers who have toddlers in Seoul and other big cities in Korea completed questionnaires, and data were analyzed by paired t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, Fisher's Z score, and multi-regression. The results are as follows: First, mothers in parenting success situations showed higher parental attribution than mothers in parenting failure situations. Second, correlations between parental attribution and self-perception in parenting roles turned out to be significantly different between parenting success situations and failure situations. Third, both internal attribution such as ability and effort, and external attribution such as child behavior and task difficulty, significantly predicted self-perception in parenting roles including equilibrium feeling, competence, satisfaction and parenting investment, especially in parenting failure situations. The implications of the difference in parental attribution between parenting success and failure situations have been discussed.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.35 no.5
• /
• pp.113-134
• /
• 2014

This study sought to develop a 'Meaning of Parenting Scale for Mothers(MPS-M)' in order to measure how Korean mothers perceive the meaning of parenting. To this end, in Study I, a preliminary scale was designed, based firstly on socio-cultural and evolutionary psychological perspectives and secondly on the responses from 118 mothers concerning meaning of parenting. This was followed up by the collection of 887 mothers' responses to the preliminary scale, which then underwent exploratory factor analysis for scale revision. In Study 2, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted on a collection of responses from 548 mothers using the revised scale. Concurrent validity was tested using a parenting stress scale, and reliability was then checked by conducting calculations for internal consistency. As a result, the MPS-M was finally developed, consisting of 25 items under six factors: 'Internal Maturity', 'Restoration of Naturality', 'Familial Union', 'Physical Burden', 'Affective Disorientation', and 'Comprehensive Loss'. Accordingly, the meaning of parenting was statistically confirmed as a hierarchical two-sided concept possessing six factors under positive and negative meaning categories.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.252-260
• /
• 2008

Purpose: This study was done to investigate effect of Meridian massage on the infant' growth and parenting stress, parenting self-efficacy in their mothers. Method: The participants were 65 mothers of infants who visited one public health center in Yangju city. Data were collected from February, 2007 to December, 2007. Infant in the experimental group were given Meridian massage for 50min(lecture 20min, practice 15min, preparation and arrangement 15min) once a week for 6 weeks. The data were analyzed using the SPSS program. Result: Regarding growth, infants in the experimental group increase in height compared to those in the control group. There was no difference in infants weight between the two groups. Parenting Stress of mothers were significantly lower for experimental group compare to control group. Parenting Self-efficacy of mothers were significantly higher for experimental group compare to control group. Conclusion: The above findings suggest that maternally administered Meridian massage should be applied clinical practice to improve growth of infants, emotional condition of mothers and interaction of infants and their mothers.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.111-119
• /
• 2011

Purpose: This study was done to build and test a theoretical model that could be used to explain and predict parenting behavior of mothers with preschool children. Methods: The participants were 298 mothers with preschool children. Data were analyzed using the SAS (Statistical Analysis System) and AMOS (Analysis of Moment Structures) programs. Results: Parenting stress showed a direct effect on parenting satisfaction. Parenting efficacy showed a direct effect on parenting behavior. Parenting stress showed an indirect effect on parenting behavior. Parenting efficacy was found to mediate the relationship between parenting stress and parenting behavior. Income and mother's perfectionism had an impact on parenting behavior. Conclusion: The outcomes of this study indicate the necessity of designing intervention programs that emphasize increasing parenting efficacy in order to increase positive parenting behavior.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.21-41
• /
• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the direct and indirect effects of mothers' and children's emotional instability and maternal affectionate-rational parenting on children's attributional style. Methods: The participants of this study were 253 4th, 5th and 6th grade elementary school students and their mothers in Seoul and Incheon. Data were analyzed by path analysis using AMOS 21.0. Results: The results were as follows: First, children's attributional style for negative and positive events was significantly related to children's emotional instability and maternal affectionate-rational parenting. Also, mothers' and children's emotional instability was significantly associated with affectionate-rational parenting. Second, mothers' emotional instability had indirect effects on children's attributional style for negative and positive events through maternal affectionate-rational parenting. Finally, children's emotional instability had not only significant effects on children's attributional style for positive achievement events, but also indirect effects on children's attributional style for negative and positive events through maternal affectionate-rational parenting. Conclusion/Implications: The results of this study suggest that both environmental and individual factors, including mothers'and children's emotional instability and maternal affectionate-rational parenting, need to be considered to explain children's attributional style. Also, these findings have implications for developing intervention programs for children's attributional style and parental education.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.43-54
• /
• 2009

The main purpose of this study was to explore the variables predicting mothers' parenting attitudes in Korean-Japanese multi-cultural families in comparison to Korean families. Differences in parental beliefs, life-satisfaction and parenting attitudes between these two groups were also examined. Data were collected via questionnaires from 110 Japanese and 168 Korean mothers of young children. Results revealed that mothers' beliefs on value of child and parental role, life-satisfaction and parenting attitudes were different across the families. Costed-concept of child and low life-satisfaction predicted 'shaming' and 'coercive' parenting for Japanese mothers whereas parental role beliefs as an 'authority' figure predicted 'shaming' parenting for Korean mothers. Life-satisfaction was most influential to predict 'affectionate-rational' parenting for both group.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.19-41
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study is to find the relationship between the infants' mother's parenting stresses and their environmental factors. The participants were 625 employed and 1453 non employed mothers from the Korean children panel in 2008. The collected data were analyzed by t-test and hierarchical regressions. The results are as follows. 1) The infant mothers experienced the medium level of parenting stresses. They reported the high level stresses in the parenting costs, the selecting parenting information, and the responsibility in their child's emotional stability. 2) The non employed mothers perceived more difficulties in the parenting situations than the employed mothers. The employed mothers perceived their environment and their parenting itself in positive way. They were in the good psychological conditions, having a well relationship with the husbands. They also had more knowledge in the child rearing and social supports. 3) The mother's psychological factors showed the high explanation power on their parenting stresses. 4) The father's parenting assistant affected the mother's parenting stresses only in the non employed mother.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.25 no.1 s.85
• /
• pp.87-99
• /
• 2007

This study examines the relationship between mothers' parental intelligence, parenting stress and the perception of parents regarding their children's very early extra-curricula education. A total of 436 mothers, whose children were enrolled in seven private kindergarten and child-care centers in Seoul, responded to the questionnaire. The results of this study show that the mothers who participated generally have high parental intelligence scores, but the scores of their parenting stress were low. They also tend to view their very young children's extracurricular education in a positive light. These three variables also appear to be significantly different based on the educational level and family income of the mothers. Finally, a significant relationship is shown to exist between the mothers' parental intelligence and their parenting stress, although the mothers' parental intelligence does not seem to be significantly related to their perceptions of very early extracurricular education for their children. However, the study suggests that the parenting stress of mothers is significantly related to their perception regarding very early extracurricular education.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.1-15
• /
• 2001

This study examined patterns of parenting variables in relation to children's peer competence. The subjects were 333 5- and 6-year-old children in early childhood settings. Classroom teachers rated each children's peer competence, and mothers responded to questionnaires on parenting goals, parenting behaviors, and management strategies pertaining to peer relations. Mothers' warm and encouraging behavior, mediation-supervision strategies, and parenting goals for peer competence were positively related to children's peer competence; that is, high warmth and encouragement and mediation-supervision of mothers was strongly associated with children's peer competence. Mothers high in parenting goals for peer competence used more management strategies to enhance peer relations which in turn contributed to children's peer competence.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.30 no.5
• /
• pp.119-135
• /
• 2009

This study investigated how perceived social support, self-esteem and parenting attitudes of mothers relates to children's social competence and explored the mediating role of parenting attitudes in multicultural families. Participants were 67 immigrant women and their children aged 4-6. Instruments were the Social Support Scale (Park, 1985), Maternal Behavior Instrument (Lee, 1986), Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965) and Social Competence Scale (Doh & Falbo, 1994). Data were analyzed by Pearson's Correlation and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results indicated that social support perceived by mothers related positively to their self-esteem and positive parenting, and to children's social competence. Mothers' self-esteem related positively to their positive parenting and to children's social competence. Maternal parenting behavior mediated the effects of social support and self-esteem on children's social competence.