• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.203-211
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• 1998

It is well recognized recently that acoustic emission, which is an elastic wave generated from rapid release of elastic energy in steressed solids, is very useful tool for on-line monitoring of microscopic behavior of deformation of material. In this study, three point bend test was performed to evaluate the microscopic damage progress during the loading and failure mechanism of mortar beam by monitoring the characteristic of AE signal. The relationship between AE characteristic and microscopic failure mechanism is discussed. In addition 2 dimensional AE source location based on triangular method was also done to monitor the intiation and propagation of micro crack around notch tip of mortar beam. It was shown that AE source location was very effective to predict the growth behavior of micro crack in mortar beam specimen.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.45-53
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• 2011

This study was performed to develop repair and reinforcing materials in sewage drain pipe by using 40% of CAC(Calcium Aluminate Cement) and 4% of Polymer Powder. Regarding reinforcing materials to enhance load-bearing capacity, polyester textile and wire mesh were adopted and then they were evaluated by the measurement of deflection and Stress-strain Relationship. Two types of drain pipe made by concrete and PE were considered as plain specimens and then loading test were performed after repaired by CAC mortar impregnated reinforcing materials. As the test results of the load-bearing test on both drain pipe, there was higher load-bearing capacity on the specimen adopted wire mesh but debonding of repair mortar was found due to stiffness of wire mesh. By the way, repair system using CAC mortar impregnated polyster textile without wire mesh showed satisfactory results including bonding and load-bearing capacity regardless substrate, so this repair system using by mixture of CAC mortar and polyster textile is suggested as the reasonable repairing method within this experimental scope.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.57-66
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• 2001

In order to measure steel corrosion in mortar by a transient electro-magnetic (TEM) Method, the development of the sensors have been studied. The sensors were made of enamelled wire with diameter of 0.25mm and Acril. The sensor configuration was used as a coincident loop type. The secondary electro motive force(EMF) was measured with SIROTEM III. The accelerator was equipped with the SIROTEM III. The accelerator permits the transmitter to turn off approximately 10~15 times faster than normal. The high resolution time series used for very shallow or high resistivity investigation was selected. The steels were embedded in mortar which were made from sand : cement : water ratio of 2 : 1: 0.5. The mortar specimen was 50cm long, 20cm wide and 10cm thick. To investigate steel corrosion in mortar, the sensors used were with 2$\times$2$cm^2$(3, 6, 9$\Omega$), 3$\times$3$cm^2$(3, 6, 9$\Omega$) and 6$\times$6$cm^2$(3, 6, 9$\Omega$). The obtained result obtained showed that the sensor 8(6$\times$6$cm^2$, 6$\Omega$) was the proper sensor for the measurement of steel corrosion in mortar.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.113-120
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• 2007

A new material was tested and its applicability was investigated so as to give the capability of self-diagnosis of fracture in composite mortar. In the research for giving self-diagnosis capability, conductive mortar intermixed with cokes and carbon fiber powder(milled carbon fiber) was developed and its using for self-diagnosis material was proposed. Then after examining change in the value of electric resistance and AE characteristics before and after the occurrence of cracks at each weight-stage, the relationships of each factors were analyzed. As the results, it can be recognized that a new composite material with cokes and carbon fiber powder(milled carbon fiber) can be applied for self-diagnosis of fracture in mortar specimen.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.69-72
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• 1999

In this study, we blended 2 grades of ultra fine cement using the results of previous stud. And the cement slurry was produced by water each water/cement ratio. The slurries were observed hydration phenomena during 28 days with SEM, XRD and DSC. The specimen made by slurry were evaluated with the hardened properties such as compressive strength, flexural strength length change and water absorption. And were tested the adhesive strength of specimen made by injecting the slurry between mortar bars.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.127-134
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• 2021

A hydrophobic emulsion consisting of PMHS and PVA was mixed into a cement mortar to observe changes in cement hydrate and microstructure, and to experimentally evaluate compressive strength and flexural strength. The hydrophobic emulsion was added with metakaolin and PVA fibers, and the stirring speed and sequence were adjusted to prepare a shell-concept hydrophobic emulsion. It was then mixed when mixing mortar to enhance filling of the internal pores and change of the hydrates. It was observed that the mortar mixed with a hydrophobic emulsion was filled with micropores and a coating film was formed on the surface of the hydrates by the emulsion. It was analyzed that the total pore area and porosity of the mortar mixed with the emulsion decreased from 30% to 60% compared to OPC, excluding the 50MK variable, which was extremely reduced and the median pore diameter decreased in some variables. It was also found that the compressive strength of the mortar mixed with emulsion 1% was increased up to 20%, but the strength of the mortar specimen mixed with 2% decreased to 50%.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.520-527
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• 2020

Hwangtoh is the rich resource that accounts for about 15.0% of the domestic soil, and can be used as the admixture of concrete with Pozzolan characteristics if activated by rapidly freezing after burning with high temperature. In this study, the mortar curbs containing active hwangtoh were produced, based on the mixture for the mortar curbs sold on the market. The substitution rate of active hwangtoh were considered 10.0% and 25.0%, and the test items were selected to compressive and flexural strength tests, freezing/thawing resistance tests, accelerated carbonation tests, and accelerated chloride diffusion tests. In the results of the mechanical performance, it was showed that the highest strength was evaluated in OPC mixture, and the increase in strength was small by the increase of age, which was believed to be due to the fact that most of the strength in each mixture was created in three days of steam curing. The results of the freezing/thawing tests for 28 aged days showed the reduction rate of compressive strength was 85.0% or higher for all specimen, meeting the criteria presented. The accelerated carbonation tests were carried out on the specimen at 28 days of age, and the results showed that the mortar with active hwangtoh had lower carbonation resistance performance than mortar with OPC. The passed charge of each mixture was assessed in accordance with ASTM C 1202 on 28 and 91 aged days. The OPC mixture had "Low" rate and the mortar with active hwangtoh had "Moderate" rate. So it was thought that the mortar with active hwangtoh had appropriate resistance performance for chloride attack.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.16 no.3 s.81
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• pp.433-440
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• 2004

In order to improve the performance of concrete, generally, modern cements often incorporate several mineral admixtures. In this study, the experimental included the flow value, air content of mortar containing limestone powder and length change and compressive strength of mortar specimen immersed in sulfate solutions. From the experimental results, the limestone powder cement matrices improved the physical properties and sulfate resistance of cement matrices at $10\%$ replacement ratio of limestone powder. The $30\%$ replacement ratio of limestone powder was significantly deteriorated in sodium sulfate solution. Irrespective of fineness levels of limestone powder, length change and SDF of mortar specimens with only $10\%$ replacement was much superior to the other replacements.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2006.05b
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• pp.217-220
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• 2006

This paper describes a study undertaken to determine the effect of ground calcium carbonate(GCC) cement mortar with respect to sulfate attack. It were investigated visual appearance and expansion of cement mortars with GCC immersed in artificial solution of 5% sodium sulfate during 510days. According to increasing replacement of GCC, the expansion ratio was comparatively superior to GCC0 mortar specimen. The test results indicated that cement mortars with GCC was benefit the resistance of sulfate attack due to micro filler effect.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.206-207
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• 2014

Blast furnace slag is one kind of industrial by-product and was utilized with recycled fine aggregates for the manufacture of zero cement mortar. As the blast furnace slag was from different areas, the strength of the specimen using blast furnace slag showed different performances. In this study, blast furnace slag generated in different areas in Korea has been chosen, fundamental performances of the blast furnace slag blended mortar has been tested to evaluate the quality of the blast furnace slag. Results showed that difference for flowability is limited. As the alkali activation of the blast furnace slag, the compressive strength showed different results. The flexural strength showed little difference when the aggregates and types of blast furnace slag changed.