• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.56 no.9
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• pp.3483-3490
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• 2024

The initial size distribution and morphological parameters of sodium aerosols are critical in evaluating the accidental suspended aerosol behaviour in Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor (SFR) containment. Mass-based measurements were more familiar in characterizing the sodium aerosols. Real-time number size distribution measurements are carried out in this study. The sensitivity analysis of sodium aerosol effective density (ρ_e) in deriving the actual number size distributions from the measured Aerodynamic Particle Size Distributions (APSD) and predicting suspended aerosol dynamics is presented. Tests are conducted in a 1 m³ chamber at 47 ± 3% RH for different initial mass concentrations (M₀) of 0.1, 1, and 2.9 g/m³. The initial APSDs measured just after the generation completions are observed to be polydisperse with the count median aerodynamic diameter (CMAD) < 1 ㎛. The literature reported ρ_e values of sodium aerosols, 2.27, 1.362, and 0.61 g/cm³ are used to derive mobility equivalent PSDs from APSD in each test. The real-time number concentration decay and size growth for four different PSDs are measured and compared with the estimate using nodal method-based code to ascertain the actual parameters. The validated parameters CMD = 0.66 ㎛, σ_g = 1.96, ρ_e = 1 g/cm³ and χ = 1 are used for improved estimation of sodium aerosol dynamics in Indian SFR containment with M₀ = 4 g/m³ for severe accident scenarios.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.140-145
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• 2018

Inducing genetic and morphological variation through conventional method is very difficult. Therefore, mutation induction through in vitro technology brings numerous advantages over the conventional breeding. Thus, the individual shoots (1 ~ 2 cm) were irradiated with gamma rays (10 ~ 70 Gy). The result revealed that the explants treated with higher doses (40, 50, 60, and 70 Gy) showed deleterious effects of ionizing radiation. The highest survival rate among ${\gamma}$ treated explants recorded was 71% in 10 Gy treatments while the lowest survivality was 15% in 70 Gy. Lethal dose 50% ($LD_{50}$) dose was found to be 33 Gy. In the in vitro condition, rooting reponse showed that increase in gamma irradiation dose resulted in the inhibition of root growth. Meanwhile, non-treated explants had the best rooting ability with the maximum number of root per explant (20) within a short period of time (6 days), with the highest root length of (15.1 cm). The longer period in rooting (12 days) and lowest number of root per explant (8) with shortest root length (10.1 cm) were recorded at 30 Gy treatment. The highest shoot length (13.6 cm) was observed at control treatment and the shortest shoot length (10.4 cm) was observed at 30 Gy. In the nursery, lowest leaf number (5) was observed at 30 Gy compared with other treatments. The highest chlorophyll content (49.8) was recorded at 10 Gy treated seedling. Irradiated explants with 10 Gy found to be superior over the control treatment and had positive effects in main growth parameters such as chlorophyll content.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.163-166
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• 2012

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between elapsed time after semen preservation on the changes of bacteria and semen quality. Semen was diluted with BTS(Beltsville Thawing Solution) extender without antibiotic for 7 days and sperm parameter and fertility were measured. Sperm motility was measured by CASA and total bacteria number was counted after 22~24 hr incubation from counting agar plate in which sperm dilute to $10{\sim}10^6$ in 0.9% saline solution and inoculate to agar. Acrosomal integrity was measured by Chlortetracycline (CTC) staining. CTC patterns were uniform fluorescence over the whole head (pattern F), characteristic of incapacitated acrosome-intact spermatozoa; fluorescence-free band in the post-acrosomal region (pattern B), characteristic of capacitated acrosome-intact spermatozoa; and almost no fluorescence over the whole head except for a thin band in the equatorial segment (pattern AR), characteristic of acrosome reacted spermatozoa. Total number of bacteria was significantly increased (p<0.0001) 3 days after preservation. Sperm motility, viability, and morphological abnormality on elapsed time after preservation were lower from 5 ($77.24{\pm}6.47$, p<0.001) and 7 days ($77.24{\pm}6.47$, p<0.001) after preservation compared to 1 ($15.71{\pm}7.18$) and 3 days($18.39{\pm}7.22$) after preservation, respectively. Sperm viability was significantly lower ($53.25{\pm}35.03$, p<0.0001) at 7 days after preservation. Morphological abnormality of sperm was lower (p<0.001) at 1 ($15.71{\pm}7.18$) and 3 ($18.39{\pm}7.22$) days compared to 5 ($21.84{\pm}7.91$) and 7 ($22.59{\pm}9.93$) days after preservation. Acrosomal integrity and capacitation rate (pattern F) were significantly lower (p<0.001) from 5 days after preservation. Based on the data we obtained from this study suggested that semen preserved more than 5 days without antibiotic would not recommend use for artificial insemination.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.76-88
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• 1982

The stream morphological characteristics of a basin have important influence upon the analysis of runoff. In this study, the laws of stream morphology-the law of average stream fall and the law of least rate of potential energy expenditure-which were derived based on the analogy of entropy in thermodynamics are introduced and their validity is analysised with the data taken from the topographic maps covering the whole Geum River system. The first law is the Law of Average Stream Fall which states that under the dynamic equilibrium condition the ratio of average fall between any two different order stream in the same river basin in unity. The second law is the law of least rate of energy expenditure which states that all natural streams are intended to choose their own course of flow such that the rate of potential energy loss per unit mass of water this course is a minimum. The parameters representing the morphological characteristics of 13 tributaries in the Geum River system such as stream bifurcation ratio and stream concavity were Computed from the Horton-Strahler's laws and are used to check the law of average stream fall. The result showed that the law of average stream fall agrees reasonably well with law of Horton-Strahler. Concavity of a river basin is shown to be the determinative factor to the formation of a stream system. Concavity of a river basin is shown to be the determinative factor to the formation of a stream system. Based on Horton's Law and the law of average stream fall, longitudinal stream profiles can be calculated.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.18
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• pp.7839-7842
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• 2014

Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide and the second most common cancer in females in India. Receptor status may be important for survival. Objective: To analyse and correlate the clinical and morphological parameters with receptor status in breast carcinoma patients in a tertiary care institution in Southern India. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study involved 320 patients of breast cancer diagnosed in an oncology hospital over a period of $3^{1/2}$ years. Data was analysed using SPSS Version 21. Results: Some 60.6% patients with breast carcinomas belonged to the age group of 40 to 60 years. The most common histological type was infiltrating ductal carcinoma, not otherwise specified, accounting for 84.4% of patients. On immunohistochemistry, estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) were expressed in 56.3% and 53.1% of cases, respectively. Conclusions: Breast cancers in India, a developing country, occur in younger women and tend to be more aggressive with lower rates of ER and PR expression and higher histological tumor grades. Both ER and PR status of the tumors had significant associations with the patient age, pathological TNM stage and histological tumor grade.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.199-208
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• 2018

Quercus floribunda (Tilonj oak) is among the five species of Quercus and an evergreen tree found in Kumaun Himalayan region. Timing of germination is a crucial event determining the success of seedling establishment and survival. The aims of the study were to investigate the effect of sowing date on the germination and morphological responses of Tilonj oak (Quercus floribunda), cultivated during the month of August-September, with supplementary irrigation. The experiment was conducted by sowing seeds at two dates with one month interval in glass house conditions at DSB Campus, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India. Present study revealed that higher germination percentage (46.67 %) was recorded at sowing time $S_2$ as compared to the sowing time $S_1$ (32.86 %). Germination percentage as well as seedling growth were affected by sowing date though the differences were insignificant. At both the sowing dates, highest germination percentage was recorded for large seeds (32.86-46.67 %) followed by medium (31.43-33.33 %) and lowest germination (6.67-7.14 %) was recorded for small size seeds. In all parameters assessed, sowing time $S_2$ had the best performance in combination with large seed size. Thus, September is suitable month for best germination, growth and seedling vigour and large seed size is recommended to silviculturists and tree planters. The information on seed germination and seedling growth is vital both for conservation and rehabilitation of degraded lands.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.1711-1715
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• 2006

To predict the number of preantral (primordial, primary and secondary) follicles retrieved from bovine ovaries, we examined the relationship between morphological parameters of ovaries and number of preantral follicles retrieved mechanically. The preantral follicles were retrieved mechanically by slicing ovarian tissue and the influences of size of the ovaries, number of antral follicles, and presence of cystic follicle and corpus luteum on the retrieval were evaluated. Total 77 ovaries were used and significant (p<0.05) relationship was detected between the number of antral follicles and the presence of cystic follicles, and the retrieval number. More preantral follicles were retrieved from the ovaries having more than 20 antral follicles than those having less than 20 antral follicles (17,760${\pm}$5,637 vs. 3,689${\pm}$537) in the ovarian cortex. The retrieval number was significantly reduced in cystic ovaries compared with non-cystic ovaries (5,167${\pm}$825 vs. 20,631${\pm}$6,507). However, neither ovary size (<3.5, 3.5 to 4.0, 4.0 to 4.5 and >4.5 cm) nor the presence of corpus luteum affected the follicle retrieval. In conclusion, the number of preantral follicles retrieved from the ovaries can simply be predicted by the number of antral follicles and the presence of cystic follicles in the ovarian cortex.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.183-184
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• 2006

Some researchers proposed positive effects of whole body vibration (WBV) on osteoporotic trabecular bones of animals. In the present study, the correlation between the improvement of morphological characteristics and the effect of WBV was investigated and analyzed in OVX rats. The rats were randomly assigned to 5 groups: control, sham, WBV 17Hz, WBV 30Hz and WBV 45Hz. The WBV groups were exercised on a vibration platform (magnitude : $1mm_{peak-peak}$, frequency : 17Hz, 30Hz and 45Hz, 30 minutes/day for 5 days/week). The 4th lumbar on rats was scanned by In-vivo Micro-CT at the week 0(just before WBV) and the week 8(after WBV). Structural parameters of the 4th lumbar, based on two dimensional (2D) scan image data, were investigated and analyzed. The quantitative decrement rate of trabecular bone on WBV groups with 30Hz and 45Hz were lower than control and sham groups. The results showed the positive effect of WBV on osteoporotic bones of OVX rats.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.649-650
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• 2006

Some researchers proposed positive effects of whole body vibration (WBV) on osteoporotic trabecular bones of animals. In the present study, the correlation between the improvement of morphological characteristics and the effect of WBV was investigated and analyzed in OVX rats. The rats were randomly assigned to 5 groups: control, sham, WBV 17Hz, WBV 30Hz and WBV 45Hz. The WBV groups were exercised on a vibration platform (magnitude $1mm_{peak-peak}$, frequency : 17Hz, 30Hz and 45Hz, 30 minutes/day for 5 days/week). The 4th lumbar on rats was scanned by In-vivo Micro-CT at the week 0(iust before WBV) and the week 8(after WBV). Structural parameters of the 4th lumbar, based on two dimensional (2D) scan image data, were investigated and analyzed. The quantitative decrement rate of trabecular bone on WBV groups with 30Hz and 45Hz were lower than control and sham groups. The results showed the positive effect of WBV on osteoporotic bones of OVX rats.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.4C
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• pp.417-425
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• 2006

This Paper Proposes a method of building a panoramic video from several videos captured from adjacent cameras. The panoramic image which constructed from adjacent and overlapped images is used for photogrammetry, satellite photo or many computer graphic applications. The perspective transformation, which is estimated from the appropriate corresponding pairs of images, can be used to construct the panoramic image without unwarranted distortion and its quality is decided by how to find the features needed for transform estimation. We used the corner points for the corresponding features, and morphological structures were utilized for fast and robust corner detection. We used the criterion of the corner strength, which guarantees the robust detection of the corner in most situations. For the transformation, 8 parameters were estimated from perspective equations which use matched points of adjacent images, and bilinear color blending was used to construct a soapless panoramic video. The experiments showed that the proposed method yields fast results with good quality under various conditions.