• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.37-51
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• 2012

New generation of tall and complex buildings systems are now introduced that are reflective of the latest development in materials, design, sustainability, construction, and IT technologies. While the complexity in design is being overcome by the availability and advances in structural analysis tools and readily advanced software, the design of these buildings are still reliant on minimum code requirements that yet to be validated in full scale. The involvement of the author in the design and construction planning of Burj Khalifa since its inception until its completion prompted the author to conceptually develop an extensive survey and real-time structural health monitoring program to validate all the fundamental assumptions mad for the design and construction planning of the tower. The Burj Khalifa Project is the tallest structure ever built by man; the tower is 828 meters tall and comprises of 162 floors above grade and 3 basement levels. Early integration of aerodynamic shaping and wind engineering played a major role in the architectural massing and design of this multi-use tower, where mitigating and taming the dynamic wind effects was one of the most important design criteria established at the onset of the project design. Understanding the structural and foundation system behaviors of the tower are the key fundamental drivers for the development and execution of a state-of-the-art survey and structural health monitoring (SHM) programs. Therefore, the focus of this paper is to discuss the execution of the survey and real-time structural health monitoring programs to confirm the structural behavioral response of the tower during construction stage and during its service life; the monitoring programs included 1) monitoring the tower's foundation system, 2) monitoring the foundation settlement, 3) measuring the strains of the tower vertical elements, 4) measuring the wall and column vertical shortening due to elastic, shrinkage and creep effects, 5) measuring the lateral displacement of the tower under its own gravity loads (including asymmetrical effects) resulting from immediate elastic and long term creep effects, 6) measuring the building lateral movements and dynamic characteristic in real time during construction, 7) measuring the building displacements, accelerations, dynamic characteristics, and structural behavior in real time under building permanent conditions, 8) and monitoring the Pinnacle dynamic behavior and fatigue characteristics. This extensive SHM program has resulted in extensive insight into the structural response of the tower, allowed control the construction process, allowed for the evaluation of the structural response in effective and immediate manner and it allowed for immediate correlation between the measured and the predicted behavior. The survey and SHM programs developed for Burj Khalifa will with no doubt pioneer the use of new survey techniques and the execution of new SHM program concepts as part of the fundamental design of building structures. Moreover, this survey and SHM programs will be benchmarked as a model for the development of future generation of SHM programs for all critical and essential facilities, however, but with much improved devices and technologies, which are now being considered by the author for another tall and complex building development, that is presently under construction.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.48-48
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• 2002

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.401-412
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of parents' monitoring of school lunch programs and to examine the relationship of parents' school lunch monitoring with their level of trust in school lunch programs. Methods: During November 2016, a web survey was conducted with 1,283 parents who had participated in monitoring of school lunch programs. A total of 621 parents completed the questionnaires (48.4% response rate) and the responses from 442 parents were analyzed (34.5% analysis rate) for elementary (n=196) and middle/high school parents (n=246), respectively. Results: Both the elementary and middle/high school parents most wanted to participate in monitoring 1~2 times per month, which was less frequent than their current practice. They showed the highest experience rate in 'food sanitation' area in both the prior training and actual practice of school lunch monitoring. They most responded 'increasing trust in school lunch programs' as a merit and 'lack of parents participating in monitoring' as a problem of school lunch monitoring. The average levels of trust did not differ between elementary and middle/high school parents. Multiple regression analyses showed that elementary school parents' level of satisfaction in the monitored school lunch programs was positively associated with the parents' level of trust in general school lunch programs. Monitoring frequency and parents' age, in addition to level of satisfaction in the monitored school lunch program, were associated with level of trust in general school lunch programs among middle/high school parents. Conclusions: There was room for change in parents' school lunch monitoring programs to meet parents' needs better. Well-managed school lunch monitoring programs contributing to parents' satisfaction with school lunch programs could increase parents' level of trust in school lunch programs.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.123-132
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• 2014

This study investigated the effect of food consumption monitoring and real-time communication-based weight control program using a smartphone on weight reduction and maintenance in obese women. This study consisted of two phases: an 8-week weight control program with food consumption monitoring and real-time communication using a smartphone and an 8-week follow-up. Sixteen obese female college students (>30% body fat) participated in this program, and we measured changes in body composition and dietary intake volume. Follow-up analysis focused on weight maintenance after 8 weeks of no contact. Total energy intake (P<0.01), body weight (P<0.001), percent body fat (P<0.001), body fat (P<0.05), and body mass index (P <0.001) decreased significantly after the 8-week weight control program. However, we could not observe total energy intake or body composition regain after the follow-up period. These results suggest that food consumption monitoring and real-time communication using a smartphone can be effective for weight control and maintenance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.109-117
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• 2018

This study examined the effect of Behavior Based Safety(BBS) program on safe behaviors of bus drivers and passengers. Four male bus drivers working at a H transportation company situated in Seoul participated in this study. BBS program consisted of education, prompts, and self-monitoring with goal setting. Dependent variables were the percentage of two safe driving behaviors of bus drivers (departure after stopping for 3 seconds, announcement for holding bus handles) and the percentage of one safe behavior of passengers getting on the busses those drivers drove (holding bus handles). A primary observer and two trained assistant observers measured two safe behaviors of the bus drivers with behavior checklists by riding on the busses and the passengers' safe behavior was observed by CCTV installed on each bus. An ABC multiple baseline design across participants was adopted. After baseline(A), education and prompts(B) and self-monitoring with goal setting(C) were introduced sequentially to each participant. The results showed that BBS program was effective to increase both bus drivers' and passengers' safe behaviors. Especially self-monitoring with goal setting was more effective in improving safe behaviors of bus drivers than education/prompts. These results suggest that education/prompts and self-monitoring with goal setting would be an alternative treatment technique to improve safety for lone workers such as bus drivers.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.179-186
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• 2015

This study suggests a few solutions to improve the post-monitoring activities under the Energy Efficiency Labeling Program. First, samples should be selected from each category for the post-monitoring activities, taking account of the consumer's continuous buying behavior, while it is also important to form and operate a deliberation committee. Second, it is necessary to alleviate the checking process of the label content of 9 items which have never been violated the labeling regulation since 2005. This study suggests the detailed checking of label contents and the reinforcement of the measurement of 17 items which have violated labeling more than once over the past few years. Third, this study suggests that the entire post-monitoring process should be disclosed and be posted on the websites of related agencies and on the Internet in general.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.55-61
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• 2014

In sleep monitoring system, polysomnography (PSG) is the gold-standard but previous studies revealed that attaching numerous amount of sensors disturb sleep during the test which is the fundamental disadvantage of PSG. We suggest an unconstrained rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep monitoring method measured with polyvinylidene (PVDF) film-based sensor for the normal and the obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. Nine normal subjects and seventeen OSA patients have participated in the study. During REM sleep, rate and variability of respiration are known to be greater than in other sleep stages. Based on this phenomena, respiratory signals of participants were unconstrainedly measured using the PVDF-based sensor with the PSG and REM sleep were extracted from the average rate and variability of respiration. In epoch-by-epoch REM sleep detection, proposed method classified REM sleep with an average sensitivity of 72.3%, specificity of 92.5%, accuracy of 88.9%, and kappa statistic of 0.60 compared to the results of PSG. Student's t-test showed no significant difference between the results of normal and OSA group. This method is potentially applicable to REM sleep detection in homing environment or ambulatory monitoring.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.555-561
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• 1995

This paper examines the applicability of the modified Borresen's coarse-mesh method(MBSN) to the core power distribution monitoring program development for the Yonggwang nuclear power plant unit 3(YGN 3) which uses fixed incore detectors for monitoring core power distribution. In so doing the modified Borresen's coarse-mesh equations are solved with core internal boundary conditions provided by the fixed incore detectors and three-dimensional core power distributions are com puted for the first-cycle core of the YGN 3 PWR. The results are compared with predictions of the COLSS(Core Operating Limit Supervisory System) which is the axial power shape monitoring program of the YGN 3. It is shown that the modified Borresen's method can reproduce the core axial power shape more closely than the COLSS. Because of other advantages in computing speed and predictive capability, n conclude that the proposed MBSN has a promising practical application for core power distribution monitoring program development.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.470-475
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• 2011

The objective of this study is the developement health & disaster monitoring measurement using ubiquitous active communication digital datalogger system for monitoring measurement of railway construction sites. For the replacement of current passive data communication, ubiquitous active communication digital datalogger system is studied for the first time with in a country. Therefore data communication method and analyzing program of automatic measurement data is developed for the global positioning automatic digital datalogger system. The results of this study will be using both real time automatic monitoring measurement and health & disaster monitoring measurement of railway structures.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.492-496
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• 2002

We present the web-based remote monitoring system using distributed object technology. In order to provide the desired functionality, the system has used CORBA(Common Object Request Architecture) and Java Servlet to implement the integrated distributed object environment. It converts the existing standalone machine monitoring system into web-based machine monitoring system. It consists of applet program, CORBA server and CORBA client. The usefulness of our system will be illustrated by the application to ICM(Integrated Condition Monitoring) System developed by KIST Tribology Center.