• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.108-113
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• 2009

An experimental study of jet impingement on aluminum foam mounted on the surface with constant heat flux is conducted with the presentation of the heat transfer rate measured when jet impinges normally to a flat plate. Effects of pore density, foam thickness and Reynolds number on the heat transfer are analyzed. Experimental results show that the significant enhancement in Nu is obtained when the aluminum foam is mounted on the heated plate and that the increase in the heat transfer due to the porous material insertion is dominated by both the increase in the heat transfer area and the decrease in the momentum flux resulted from the pressure drop.

• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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• v.6
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• pp.56-66
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• 1998

The absorption process of water vapor in a liquid film is an important process in LiBr-Water absorption system. The composition of the gas phase, in which a non-absorbable gas is combined with the absorbate, influences the transport characteristics. In the present work, the absorption processes of water vapor into aqueous solutions of lithium bromide in the presence of non-absorbable gas are investigated. The continuity, momentum, energy and diffusion equations for the solution film and gas are formulated in integral forms and solved numerically. It is found that the mass transfer resistance in gas phase increases with the concentration of non-absorbable gas. However the primary resistance to mass transfer is in the liquid phase. As the concentration of non-absorbable gas in the absorbate increases, the interfacial temperature and concentration of absorbate in solution decrease, which results in the reduction of absorption rate. The reduction of mass transfer rate is found to be significant for the addition of a small amount of non-absorbable gas to the pure vapor, especially at the outlet of tube where the non-absorbable gas accumulates. At higher non-absorbable gas concentration, the decrease of absorption rate seems to be linear to the concentration of non-absorbable gas.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.08a
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• pp.212-218
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• 2003

In order to analyze the heat transfer phenomena in the plasma flames, a mathematical model describing heat and fluid flow in an electric arc has been developed and used to predict heat transfer from the arc to the steel bath in a DC Electric Arc Furnace. The arc model takes the separate contributions to the heat transfer from each involved mechanism into account, i.e. radiation, convection and energy transported by electrons. The finite volume method and a SIMPLE algorithm are used for solving the governing MHD equations, i.e., conservation equations of mass, momentum, and energy together with the equations describing a $\kappa-\epsilon$ model for turbulence. The model predicts heat transfer for different currents and arc lengths. Finally these calculation results can be used as a useful insight into plasma phenomena of the industrial-scale electric arc furnace. From these results, it can be concluded that higher arc current and longer arc length give high heat transfer.

• Solar Energy
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.43-53
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• 1986

The objective of this study is to report on the characterics of convective flow and heat transfer during metling process in order to provide design information for thermal energy storage systems which use phase change material. In present study, flow and heat transfer characteristics of the Phase Change Material in the Open Top Model (O.T.M) and in the Closed Top Model (C.T.M) were studied numerically by the control volume formulation using the algebraic non-orthogonal coordinate transformation. For the calculation procedure, the physical properties of fluid are assumed to be constant except density which is linely dependent on temperature in the bouyancy term of momentum equations. At start of melting process, the thickness of melting layer is assumed from the Stefan Problem assumption. The heat transfer results of Open Top Model and Closed Top Model are compared with the parameters of Grashof number and aspect ratio. It was found that heat transfer phenomena in melted region was greatly affected by buoyancy-driven natural convection and the melting distance of Open Top Model at the upper region is greater than that of Closed Top Model.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.1301-1309
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• 1989

본 연구의 목적은 Lumley의 저항감소 모델을 사용하여 여러 부하도하에서 부유유동의 유동 특성을 관찰하는 것으로, 특히 저항감소가 일어날 때와 일어나지 않을 때의 유동특성을 알아 보고자 한다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.278-285
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• 1983

The momentum transfer in axisymmetric turbulent boundary layer over a rotating cone submerged in a free stream was studied by experiments and numerical analysis. In numerical analysis the velocity profiles were calculated by finite difference method using Prandtl mixing length concept, and the results were compared with experimental results. The agreement was good. By the numerical analysis the wall fircition coefficient was increased as the Reynolds number increased when the rotational speed is large, but the wall friction coefficient was decreased as the rotational speed increased.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.11b
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• pp.9-13
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• 2001

In the present study, the friction coefficients (Fanning and Moody coefficients) and the Nusselt number is reviewed from an educational point of view. It is discussed that these dimensionless numbers can be treated with two lengh scales. Also, the similarity between the momentum and heat transfer is discussed based on the length scales.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.144-152
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• 1997

Film absorption involves simultaneous heat and mass transfer in the vapor-liquid system. In the present work, the absorption process of water vapor by an aqueous soluton of LiBr flowing inside of the vertical tube was investigated. The continuity, momentum, energy and diffusion equations for the solution film and vapor were formulated in integral forms and solved numerically. The model could predict the film thickness, the pressure gradient, and the heat and mass transfer rate. Particularly the effects of vapor flow conditions on the absorption process were investigated in terms of the vapor Reynolds number. As the vapor Reynolds number increased, the shear stress at the vapor-solution interface also increased. Consequently solution film became thinner at higher vapor flowrate under the co-currentflow condition. Thinner film was capable of higher heat transfer to the wall and leaded to higher absorption rate of the water vapor into the solution film.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06d
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• pp.240-245
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• 2001

Phenomena of direct contact condensation (DCC) heat transfer between steam and water are characterized by the transport of heat and mass through a moving steam/water interface. Application of the phenomena of DCC heat transfer to the engineering industries provides some advantageous features in the viewpoint of enhanced heat transfer. This study proposes a simple condensation model on the steam jets discharging into subcooled water from a single horizontal pipe for the prediction of the steam jet shapes. The analysis model was derived from the mass, momentum and energy equations as well as a thermal balance equation with condensing characteristics at the steam/water interface for the axi-symmetric coordinates. The extremely large heat transfer rate at the steam/water interface was reflected in the effective thermal conductivity estimated from the previous experimental results. The analysis results were compared with the experimental ones. The analysis model predicted that the steam jet shape (i. e. radius and length) was increasing as the steam mass flux and the pool temperature were increasing, which was similar in trend to that observed in the experiment.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06e
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• pp.474-481
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• 2001

This paper addresses a numerical method for predicting transient temperature distributions in the wall of a curved pipe subjected to internally thermal stratification flow. A simple and convenient numerical method of treating the unsteady conjugate heat transfer in the non-orthogonal coordinate systems is presented. The proposed method is implemented in a finite volume thermal-hydraulic computer code based on a cell-centered, non-staggered grid arrangement, the SIMPLEC algorithm, a higher-order bounded convection scheme, and the modified version of momentum interpolation method. Calculations are performed for the transient evolution of thermal stratification in two curved pipes, where the one has thick wall and the other has so thin wall that its presence can be negligible in the heat transfer analysis. The predicted results show that the thermally stratified flow and transient conjugate heat transfer in a curved pipe with a finite wall thickness can be satisfactorily analyzed by the present numerical method, and that the neglect of wall thickness in the prediction of pipe wall temperature distributions can provide unacceptably distorted results.