• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.795-817
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• 2016

A non-contact, in-situ and non-invasive technique for health monitoring of submerged fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) laminates has been developed using ultrasonic guided waves. A pair of mobile transducers at specific angles of incidence to the submerged FRP specimen was used to excite Lamb wave modes. Lamb wave modes were used for comprehensive inspection of various types of manufacturing defects like air gaps and missing epoxy, introduced during manufacturing of FRP using Vacuum Assisted Resin Infusion Molding (VARIM). Further service induced damages like notches and surface defects were also studied and evaluated using guided waves. Quantitative evaluation of transmitted ultrasonic signal in defect ridden FRPs $vis-{\grave{a}}-vis$ healthy signal has been used to relate the extent of damage in FRPs. The developed technique has the potential to develop into a quick, real time health monitoring tool for judging the service worthiness of FRPs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
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• 한국복합재료학회 2002년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.189-192
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• 2002

The autoclave process is frequently utilized in the manufacturing of aircraft parts because of the low void content and high fiber volume fraction. However, due to the slow curing process (5∼8 hours per part) and it's limited producibility for complicated shape, this process is very expensive and applied to the relatively simple geometry structures. RTM is considered as an alternative process to overcome the limitation of autoclave process. In this study, the idea of RTM application on the secondary Fairing structure of aircraft has been proved to be technically feasible and very cost effective by changing the multiple part of subassembly into one integral composite structure.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
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• 한국복합재료학회 2002년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.280-283
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• 2002

In the manufacturing of large scale composite structures, the cost-effective processing and the enhancement of structural performance are critical. One of the most effective ways for this purpose is to use stitched multiaxial warp knitted (MWK) perform in the resin transfer molding process. This study reports the effect of stitching on the mechanical properties of MWK composites, and the feasibility processing of the thick U-beam structure utilizing the stitched preforms. Permeability of the preform, viscosity and cure property of the epoxy resin have been measured. The results of resin flow analysis has been used in determining the gate/vent locations of the RTM mold. Cross-sectional observation of the channel beam prototype demonstrated that the resin impregnation was almost complete, except for some surrounding area of stitched yarns.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.1211-1216
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• 2005

Underwater acoustic transducers are widely used for SONAR application, whose important design parameters are shapes. materials, dimensions and supporting structures. Practical design method of transducers consists of manufacturing, experiments and modifications so that it requires much time and expenses. In this study, an analytical method was developed for the Tonpilz type transducers using the commercial finite element analysis code ATILA which can solve the electro-mechanical coupling problems. A finite element model was established including the transducer elements such as ceramic stack, head mass, tail mass, tensile bolt, and molding layers. The proposed model was verified and modified by comparing the in-air and in-water test results of prototypes. The developed analysis method will be effectively used for the sensitivity analysis of design parameters in transducer design process.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2006년도 정기 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.15-20
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• 2006

Real time health monitoring system was studied to detect the . generation of defects in the composite structures during service life. The PZT sensors were embedded into the woven-glass/phenol composite plate during the fabrication. VARTM (Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding) process were used to fabricate the composite plate. A Teflon tape was embedded between glass fiber layers to mimic delamination induced during service. Normalized maximum amplitude and energy analyses were used for the acquired signals. Both amplitude and energy of acquired signals were extremely sensitive to the delamination. Therefore, it was successful to detect and to locate the defects in composite plate by monitoring signals from sensors and using the proposed method.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.20-25
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• 2010

The effect of micro surface structure on printing for printed electronics has been studied experimentally. The photolithography MEMS fabricationwass used to make a SU-8 molder which has micro structures on the surface, and the PDMS micro structure was fabricated by the PDMS molding method. In the aspect of printed electronics, we used silver paste conductive ink. We measured the surface energy variation on pillar microstructure. The microstructure was used to real printing experiment by a screen printing. We printed 1cm micro lines which have $30{\sim}250{\mu}m$ width, and checked the conductivity to sort out opened line pattern. Printability was defined by success probability of printed patterns and we found that the present microstructures improve the printability significantly.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2013년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.256-260
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• 2013

The fan-shroud plays the important role in cooling down the engine heat by the forced convection. As the fan-shroud is made by injection molding, the unbalance of the fan blades is inevitable, and its low frequency characteristics makes it easy to excite the resonances of the environmental structures. So controlling its vibration, specially the dominant vibration source of unbalance vibration, is one of key factor to improve the sound and vibration quality of the modern vehicles. This paper introduces the plane balancing method, the most appropriate way of controlling the fan-shroud by generating the acceleration orbit measured from 2 accelerometers, and proves its balancing effect by the experiment.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.1531-1548
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• 2015

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between Barcol hardness (H) and flexural modulus (E) degradation of composite sheets subjected to flexural fatigue. The resin transfer molding (RTM) method was used to produce 3-mm-thick composite sheets with fiber volume fraction of 44%. The composite sheets were subjected to flexural fatigue tests and Barcol scale hardness measurements. After these tests, the stiffness and hardness degradations were investigated in the composite sheets that failed after around one million cycles (stage III). Flexural modulus degradation values were in the range of 0.41-0.42 with the corresponding measured hardness degradation values in the range of 0.25-0.32 for the all fatigued composite sheets. Thus, a 25% reduction in the initial hardness and a 41% reduction in the initial flexural modulus can be taken as the failure criteria. The results showed that a reasonably well-defined relationship between Barcol hardness and flexural modulus degradation in the distance range.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.224-230
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• 2003

The blends of polypropylene (PP) with glass filled thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (LCP-g) have been prepared by melt mixing techniques at different blend ratios. The thermal, dynamic mechanical, crystalline and morphological characteristics of these blends were investigated. Higher percent crystallinity was observed for 10% level of LCP-g in the blend in comparison to that of other blend ratios. The thermal stability increased with LCP-g concentration in the blend with PP. The variation of storage modulus, stiffness and loss modulus as a function of blend ratios suggested the phase inversion at the 50% level of LCP-g in the blend. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photographs showed the creation of voids and destruction of the fiber structures during the dynamic mechanical measurements. Processing behavior of the blends depended on the fiber forming characteristics of LCP-g, which again varied with the molding temperatures.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제44회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.637-637
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• 2013

We develop single-crystal poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiopene nanowires using liquid-bridge-mediated nanotransfer printing via vapor phase polymerization. This direct printing method can simultaneously enable the synthesis, alignment and patterning of the nanowires from molecular ink solutions. Twoor three-dimensional complex structures of various single-crystal organic nanowires were directly fabricated over a large area using many types of molecular inks. This method is capable of generating several optoelectronic devices. LB-nTM is based on the direct transfer of various materials from a mold to a substrate via a liquid bridge between them. To demonstrate its usefulness, we used LB-nTM to fabricate nanowire field-effect transistors and arrays of 6,13-bis (triisopropyl- silylethynyl) pentacene (TIPS-PEN) nanowire field-effect transistors.