• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.141-146
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• 2022

This study investigated the quality characteristics and antioxidant activities of preserved jams prepared by mixing various ratios of aronia and sugar. To analyze the quality characteristics, the total sugar, pH, moisture, maximum stress, hardness, total phenolics, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and sensory characteristics of the preserved jams were measured. Lower aronia contents resulted in higher total sugar content, hardness, and strength, as well as lower moisture, total phenolic content, and DPPH, TEAC, FRAP, and ORAC values. In terms of the sensory characteristics, an aronia content of 30%, which was determined to have strong sweetness and texture, resulted in the lowest overall acceptability. In contrast, the highest preference was shown to an aronia content of 40%. In this study, quality characteristics and antioxidant activity experiments were conducted based on various ratios of aronia and sugar. The results are expected to be used as preliminary data for developing products that use domestic aronia.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.133-139
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the effects of alcoholic fermentation extract from ovary and rind of pear on human skin. Methods : We investigated the effects of samples on human skin in terms of clinical trial. 32 of healthy volunteers, who lived in mokpo participated in clinical trial. Effects of sample on hygroscopicity and water-holding capacity were investigated. Sebum, moisture, scabrousness and desquamation were also investigated. Facial massages were conducted 8 times in each volunteers. Results : Single treatment group showed elevated levels of hygroscopicity (Normal : 106.4$\pm$2.1%, vs Pear : 114.1$\pm$6.2) and water-holding capacity (Normal : 87.1$\pm$4.4%, vs Pear : 96.2$\pm$1.3) on forearm of 16 volunteers respectively. In addition, massage group using sample showed elevated moisture (Control : 3.8$\pm$5.8%, vs Sample : 15.2$\pm$4.7%) and lowered scabrousness levels (Control : -12.3$\pm$4.4%, vs Sample : -22.0$\pm$5.2%) significantly. However, the levels of sebum did not affected by sample. Conclusions : These result suggest that alcoholic fermentation extract from ovary and rind of pear has moisturizing effect on human skin.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.2.1-2.8
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• 2021

Objectives: New premixed bioceramic root repair materials require moisture for setting. Using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), this study evaluated the filling ability and volumetric changes of calcium silicate-based repair materials (mineral trioxide aggregate repair high-plasticity [MTA HP] and Bio-C Repair, Angelus), in comparison with a zinc oxide and eugenol-based material (intermediate restorative material [IRM]; Dentsply DeTrey). Materials and Methods: Gypsum models with cavities 3 mm deep and 1 mm in diameter were manufactured and scanned using micro-CT (SkyScan 1272. Bruker). The cavities were filled with the cements and scanned again to evaluate their filling capacity. Another scan was performed after immersing the samples in distilled water for 7 days to assess the volumetric changes of the cements. The statistical significance of differences in the data was evaluated using analysis of variance and the Tukey test with a 5% significance level. Results: Bio-C Repair had a greater filling ability than MTA HP (p < 0.05). IRM was similar to Bio-C and MTA HP (p > 0.05). MTA HP presented the largest volumetric change (p < 0.05), showing more volume loss than Bio-C and IRM, which were similar (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Bio-C Repair is a new endodontic material with excellent filling capacity and low volumetric change. The gypsum model proposed for evaluating filling ability and volumetric changes by micro-CT had appropriate and reproducible results. This model may enhance the physicochemical evaluation of premixed bioceramic materials, which need moisture for setting.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.77-83
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• 1971

In order to find out the decomposing factors of Sumithion in mineral diluents, the physical and chemical properties of the diluents such as talcs, bentonites, diatomaceous earth and other clay minerals was studied in relation to the decomposition rate of Sumithion in dust formulations. The total base, moisture adsorption capacity, pH, specific surface, water contents, active $Fe^{++}$, ignition loss and cation exchange capacity were analysed as the properties of mineral diluents, and these properties were correlated with the stability of Sumithion in dust formulations. And in hope of finding out the main factors among those properties of diluents, the decomposed products of Sumithion in dust formulations prepared with standard Sumithion were separated by the methods of column chromatography and investigated by thin layer chromatography. The following results were otbained; 1. The total base, moisture adsorption capacity, specific surface, water contents, active $Fe^{++}$ and cation exchange capacity of mineral diluents were found to be highly effective on the rate of decomposition of Sumithion in dust formulations. 2. Decomposed products of Sumithion in dust formulations were found to be dimethylphosphorothionate, 3-methyl-4-nitro phenol and its derivatives. And one fraction was not dissolved in n-hexane and ethylether, but was soluble in methylalcohol and ethylalcohol. 3. The moat highly correlated properties of diluents with the decomposition rate of Sumithion in dust were found to be the total base and water contents. 4. In regard to the kind of diluents, it was found that the rate of decomposition of Sumithion in dust formulations was higher in order of bentonite, diatomaceous earth, kaolin and talc.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.1469-1476
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• 2012

Hydrophilic polymer is suitable as soil conditioners for green roofs that use rainwater, due to promotion of water retention capacity as well as enhancement of the water absorbing capacity. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of different levels of hydrophilic polymer concentrations (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8% w/w) on the water holding capacity and growth response of 6 species in soils amended with hydrophilic polymer in 5 cm of soil thickness on green roofs. The results showed that the water holding capacity of the amended soil improved with increasing amount of applied polymer. The application of 0.8% w/w of the polymer increased the soil moisture by 87% compared to the control, and decreased slowly in green roofs during an arid period. The growth of Sedum spurium 'Dragon's blood' and Lampranthus spectabilis increased significantly and had greater than 60% relative coverage with higher hydrophilic polymer concentrations. However, Juniperus chinensis var. sargentii and Euonymus fortunei var. radicans had no significant differences upon change of hydrophilic polymer concentrations. In Carex kujuzana and Carex morrowii 'Aurea variegata', growth decreased with increase of hydrophilic polymer concentrations. 30 days after planting, Juniperus chinensis var. sargentii, Euonymus fortunei var. radicans, Carex kujuzana, and Carex morrowii 'Aurea variegata' died back due to lowest soil thickness (5 cm), but Sedum spurium 'Dragon's blood' and Lampranthus spectabilis had greater than 90% survival.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.213-217
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• 2002

This study determined the influence of moisture, ensiling time and their interactions on the losses of hemicellulose and cellulose during ensiling of orchardgrass. Orchardgrass containing 80 (HM), 70 (MM) and 55% (LM) moisture was ensiled in 3 laboratory silos of 500 ml capacity for 3, 7, 21 and 91 days. The dry matter (DM), water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC), hemicellulose and cellulose contents of the ensiled orchardgrass was lowered than that of the untreated grass regardless of moisture content. Ensiling orchardgrass for 91 days (d) decreased (p<0.01) hemicellulose contents from 19 to 15%, 20 to 15% and 18 to 12% and cellulose from 31 to 29%, 29 to 26% and 27 to 26% for LM, MM and HM silage, respectively. Results from fermentation of LM and MM silages were within acceptable guidelines except for butyric acid and ammonia after 3 weeks of ensiling of MM which appeared to be lower than ideal. The results of the fermentation of HM silages were poor showing higher concentration of acetic, propionic and butyric acids and traces of isovaleric, valeric and caproic acids with ammonia at all stage of time. While the DM losses from LM and MM silages over the ensiling period were acceptable, that for HM silage increased to 13% after 91 d ensiling, confirming a poor fermentation process occurred. The greatest WSC losses occurred within 7 d of ensiling and the lowest losses occurred after 3 weeks of ensiling. Except in HM silage, the hemicellulose and cellulose losses were highest (p<0.01) in the first 3 weeks of ensiling. Hemicellulose losses were between 19 and 22% and 4.2 and 5.9% up to 3 weeks and after 3 weeks of ensiling LM and MM silages, respectively. Cellulose losses were small. In contrast, hemicellulose losses after 3 weeks of ensiling of HM silage was about 50% higher than over the first 3 weeks possibly due to clostridial type fermentation. The results showed that increasing ensiling time of high moisture orchardgrass would result in the excessive losses of DM, WSC, hemicellulose and cellulose in the silage.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 1989

This study was carried out by using laboratory data to calculate Soil Moisture Control Section (SMCS) for medium textured topo-sequential soils derived from porphyry in Milyang area. The soils studied were characterized by loam to silty clay loam, and the moisture content at -1/3 bar in the solum ranged around 21.06% to 32.42%. The moisture contents per centimeter of soil layer within a solum calculated at field capacity (FC) ranged from 0.11cm to 0.19cm. The upper boundaries of SMCS of the soils calculated on the basis of FC as the water content at -1/3 bar, ranged from 16.2cm to 21.2cm and the lower boundaries from 44.4cm to 63.8cm, and the depth of SMCS were from 27.7cm to 42.6cm in the soil profiles. The Bongsan soil on the summit had shallower in the boundaries and narrower in the depth of SMCS than the soils on side-slopes or on valley.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2018

The objective of this study was to investigate quality attributes of beef patties formulated with dried pumpkin pulp and seed mixture (PM). Four different meatball formulations were prepared where lean was replaced with PM as C (0% PM), P2 (2% PM), P3 (3% PM) and P5 (5% PM). Utilization of PM decreased moisture and increased ash content of the patties. Incorporation of 5% PM (P5) increased the pH value of both uncooked and cooked patties compared to C group. Increasing levels of PM increased water-holding capacity. No significant differences were found in cooking yield and diameter change with the addition of PM. Incorporation of PM increased fat and decreased moisture retention of the samples. $a^*$ values were decreased with PM addition, where $L^*$ values did not differ among treatments and $b^*$ values were similar in C, P3 and P5 samples. Textural properties were mostly equivalent to control samples with the incorporation of PM even at higher concentrations. The addition of PM did not significantly affect any of the sensory scores tested. These results indicated that utilization of PM presents the opportunity to decrease the amount of meat besides to improve healthier profile without causing negative changes in physical, chemical and technological quality of beef patties.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.293-301
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the quality characteristics of Gamgyul-Injeulmi containing different ratios of Citrus mandarin powder(0, 3, 6, 9 and 12%). The moisture content of the control group was 45.37%. As the ratio of Citrus mandarin powder increased, moisture content decreased. The water holding capacity of glutinous rice flour with Citrus mandarin powder decreased gradually in proportion to the amount of Citrus mandarin powder added. An analysis of Hunter's color values for Gamgyul-Injeulmi indicate that the addition of Citrus mandarin powder leads to lower L value and higher a and b value compared to the control. Textural analysis of Gamgyul-Injeulmi showed that the hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness increased as Citrus mandarin powder was added, whereas adhesiveness and springiness decreased. According to the sensory evaluation of Gamgyul-Injeulmi, as the ratio of Citrus mandarin powder was increased, the flavor, sweetness and hardness all increased. Gamgyul-Injeulmi with 6% Citrus mandarin powder was rated as the best in terms of color and for overall preference in the sensory evaluation.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.317-324
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• 1999

This study was conducted to decide several design criterion for clean-washed rice processing system development. A Computer simulation was used to predict and analyze the mass balances and moisture changes of the process of clean-washed rice processing system. The following results were obtained from this study. 1. In order to attain the processing capacity of 1,000kg/h of the clean-washed rice processing system, that of the system was designed as 1,400kg/h which was based on the safety factor of 40% and handling capability of mass variations occurred during processing. 2. It was analyzed that the proper time required for aqueous cleaning process should be within one minute. 2. It was analyzed that the proper time required for aqueous cleaning process should be within one minute. 3. The final moisture content of clean-washed rice was controlled being 15%(w.b.) for the sake of safe storage. 4. It was proven that the optimum drying time was three minutes for the clean-washed rice dried by a rotary dryer.