• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.615-623
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• 2014

Increases of public attention on healthy environment lead to the regulation of indoor air quality such as Clean Healthy House Construction Standard. This standard covers emission of total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) (e.g., formaldehyde, benzene, and toluene), ventilation, and use of environmentally-friendly products or functional products. Moisture absorption and desorption abilities are a recommended functionality for improving indoor air quality. In this study, moisture absorption and desorption capacities of carbonized board from wood-based panels and other materials were determined by using UNT-HEAT-01 according to ISO 24358:2008. Pine had higher moisture absorption and desorption capacities ($49.0g/m^2$ and $35.3g/m^2$, respectively) than hinoki cypress, cement board, gypsum board, oriented strand board, and medium density fiberboard (MDF). The moisture absorption and desorption capacities differed considerably according to the wood species. After carbonization process at $400^{\circ}C$, the absorption and desorption ability of MDF increased to 38% and 60%, respectively. However, moisture absorption and desorption capacities decreased with increasing carbonization temperature, but they were still higher than original MDF. Therefore, it is suggested that carbonization below $600^{\circ}C$ can improve moisture absorption/desorption capacities.

• Composites Research
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2004

이 연구는 탄소섬유 강화 복합재료를 사용하여 해수, 수돗물 및 증류수와 같은 여러 가지 수분환경에 침지 시켜 수분 흡수가 기계적 성질에 미치는 영향에 대해서 검토한 것이다. 또한 일정시간 수분환경에 침지 한 후에 건조시켜, 그 전후의 기계적 성질의 변화도 검토하였다. 그 결과, 흡수율은 수분환경에서의 침지 시간에 주로 의존하며, 일정시간 침지 후에 상온건조에 의해서 흡수율은 감소하는 것을 알았다. 인장강도는 수분 흡수율이 증가함에 따라 감소했으며 일정시간 침지 시킨 후에 건조에 의해서 인장강도는 어느 정도 회복하는 경향을 보였다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제62권1호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to determine the spatial and temporal resolutions that can represent land surface characteristics comprised of various land use using Landsat/AMSR2-based soil moisture data. We estimated the Landsat (30 m×30 m)-based soil moisture values using the soil moisture regression model. Then, the Landsat (30 m×30 m)-based soil moisture (reference values) were resampled to the relatively coarse resolutions from 1 km to 4 km, respectively. Comparing the reference values to the resampled soil moisture values, we confirmed that uncertainties were increased with the spatial resolutions of 2 km~4 km indicating that the spatial resolution of 1 km×1 km is required to represent the complicated land surface. Also, the AMSR2 soil moisture values have less uncertainties compared to SMAP data with the temporal resolution of 1~2 days. Thus, our findings can be useful for various areas such as agriculture, hydrology, forest, etc.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.137-144
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• 2015

Purpose: The high energy requirement of extraction of oil from jatropha seed and reduction of loss in oil content between whole seed and kernel of jatropha necessitate seed shelling. The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate the performance of a jatropha seed shelling machine based on seed moisture content. Methods: A shelling machine was designed and constructed for jatropha seed. The components are frame, hopper, shelling chamber, concave, and blower with discharge units. The performance evaluation of the machine was carried out by determining parameters such as percentage of whole kernel recovered, percentage of broken kernel recovered, percentage of partially shelled seed, percentage of unshelled seed, machine capacity, machine efficiency, and shelling efficiency. All of the parameters were evaluated at five different moisture levels: 8.00%, 9.37%, 10.77%, 12.21%, and 13.68% w.b.). Results: The shelling efficiency of the machine increased with increase in seed moisture content; the percentage of whole kernel recovered and percentage of partially shelled seed decreased with increase in moisture content; and percentage of broken kernel, machine efficiency, and percentage of unshelled seed followed a sinusoidal trend with moisture content variation. Conclusion: The best operating condition for the shelling machine was at a moisture content of 8.00% w.b., at which the maximum percentage of whole kernel recovered was 23.23% at a shelling efficiency of 73.95%.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 1986

The fragility, which express the fineness index, increased linearly with the moisture content for various tobacco shreds and showed a high correlation to the moisture content. Then, fineness index (FIs) at reference moisture content(l2.5%) was obtained by following equation. FIs=FIm+A(12.5-Mm) A" denote the gradient of simple linear regression equation between the fineness index and moisture content. FIm; the fineness index measured at the standard moisture content(12.5%). The characteristics of fragility concerning with some kinds of tobacco raw materials, stalk position, moisture content and storaged time were investigated. The following results were obtained. 1. The moisture content range of less fragile of tobacco raw material was from 16% to 20%. whereas the rolled process sheet tobacco was from 12% to 16%. 2. The Bright yellow and the paper process sheet tobacco were less fragile than that of the other tobacco raw materials. 3. The leaves were more distant from middle stalk position, and its become more fragile. 4. Physical properties of the storaged tobacco leaves were determined as a function of each storageunction of each storage time. The long-term storaged leaves(more than 3 years) were slightly lighter weight, more fragility and lower equilbrium moisture content than thos of the mid-term storaged leaves.(less than 3 years). 5. Contents of chemical component of the storaged leaves were determined every storage time. The long-term storaged leaves were slightly lower content of nicotine and chlorine than those of mid-term storaged leaves, but contents of crude fiber, total ash and calcium were increased significantly.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2009

콘크리트가 화재에 노출되면 콘크리트 표면에서의 수분뿐만 아니라 콘크리트 내부에서의 수분도 수분의 평형 및 전달조건에 의하여 증발이 발생된다. 수분의 평형조건은 재료의 자기이력거동으로 표현되는 물의 증발에 대한 수착등온선 관계로 설명된다. 본 논문은 화재시 콘크리트 부재 내부의 수분변화를 예측하고자 하는 것으로 부재 내부의 임의의 위치에서의 상대함수율을 산정하기 위하여 유한요소방식을 적용하였다. 또한 고온에서 콘크리트의 수분확산 특성치에 대해서도 모델식을 제시하였다. 이러한 해석기법의 정확성을 검증하기 위하여 실험데이터와 비교하였으며, 그 결과 수분증발로 인하여 수분이 감소되는 효과를 포함한 전반적인 부재 내부의 수분이동현상이 실제 실험데이터와 거의 유사하게 나타나는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.127-134
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• 1992

일반적으로 콘크리트 내부의 수분은 주로 중심부에 분포되어 있으며, 노출된 콘크리트의 표면은 주위의 온습도영향에 따라 건조하게 된다. 이에 따라 동일 부재내에서도 부위에 따라 함수율이 달라지게 된다. 이는 콘크리트의 내부공극에 존재하고 있는 수분의 증발과 이동으로 인하여 함수상태가 달라지기 때문이다. 이와 같이 콘크리트의 함수상태변화로 인하여 압축강도, 탄성계수, 용적변화등의 제성상이 각 부위에 따라 달라질 것으로 예상된다. 따라서, 콘크리트의 함수상태에 따른 콘크리트의 제성상을 명확히 파악함은 매우 중요하다고 판단된다. 본 연구에서는 콘크리트의 함수상태와 역학적 성상을 규명하는데 그 목적이 있다. 콘크리트의 함수량이 증가할수록 압축강도와 인장강도는 감소하나, 탄성계수는 증가한다. 본 연구에서 실험을 통하여 이와 같은 콘크리트의 성상과 함수상태와의 상관관계를 밝혔다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.89-100
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• 1994

It is very important to assess accurately the terms which are included in the heat budget equation of soil surface because they are used in the UM and miso-scale circulation modeling as well as in the micrometeorological studies. Each terms in the heat budget equation change according to the soil moisture content. So, it is necessary to specify clearly the relations between soil moisture content and these terms. Special experiment with micrometeorological measurements was executed to study these relations at Environmental Research Center of Tsukuba University, Japan. The results are as follow: 1. The soil moisture contents of 1 cm and 4 cm depth are oscillated with one day Period in drying process and the amplitude of variation of 1 cm depth is greater than that of 4 cm. 2. Increase in soil moisture contents due to precipitation result in decrease of albedo with step function. 3. Sensible heat is in reverse proportion to the soil moisture content and latent heat is in direct proportion to it. Latent heat is more sensitive than sensible heat according to the soil moisture variation. Net long wave radiation have high correlation with soil moisture. 4. Comparing with the radiative term with the flux term in wetting process due to precipitation, the energy transfer of the aero and thermodynamic flux is greater than that of the radiative heat flux.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방재학회 2008년도 정기총회 및 학술발표대회
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• pp.149-152
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• 2008

This study is the result between the variation of fuel moisture and the risk of forest fire through measuring the change of moisture containing ratio on-site and its average analysis for fallen leaves layer, humus layer, and soil layer in the forest. The measurement was performed on six days from the day after a rainfall. The fuel moisture on-site was measured on the day when the accumulated rainfall was above 5.0mm, and the measurements was 2 times in spring and 1 time in fall. From the pine forest which were distributed around Samcheok and Donghae in Kangwondo, three regions were selected by loose, medium, and dense forest density, and the fuel moisture was measured on fallen leaves layer, humus layer, and soil layer in the forest. for six days from the day after a rainfall. The study showed that the moisture containing ratio converged on 3 - 4 days in spring and fall for fallen leaves layer, and the convergence was made more than six days in spring and fall for the humus layer. In the other case of soil layer, the variation of moisture containing ratio after rainfall was not distinguishable regardless of season.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 목재시편의 횡단연적과 수분경사가 라디에타파인 심재와 번재의 초음파 전달속도에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. 각 수분경사 모델시편은 함수율이 다른 다섯 개의 소편을 배합하여 만들었다. 횡단면적이 작아질수록 초음파 전달속도는 심재와 변재 모두 4~8% 감소하였다. 수분경사 모델시편을 투과한 초음파 신호를 분석한 결과, 횡단면적이 클수록 저주파 신호가 고주파 신호보다 분명한 주류률 이루었다. 평균 함수율이 같더라도 수분경사가 다르면 시편의 초음파 전달속도는 다르게 나타났다. 초음파 전달속도와 수분경사 모델시편의 내층 평균 함수율의 분포는 함수율에 따라 세 가지 서로 다른 형태를 나타냄이 밝혀졌다.