• 제목/요약/키워드: modulated radiotherapy (IMRT)

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안와 림프종 환자의 방사선치료를 위한 세기조절방사선치료와 용적세기조절회전치료의 전산화 치료계획에 대한 고찰 (A comprehensive comparison of IMRT and VMAT plan quality for orbital lymphoma)

  • 유순미;반태준;유인하;백금문;권경태
    • 대한방사선치료학회지
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    • 제26권2호
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    • pp.281-287
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    • 2014
  • 목 적 : 안와 림프종(orbital lymphoma) 방사선치료를 IMRT(intensity-modulated radiotherapy)와 VMAT (volumetric modulated arc therapy)을 이용한 RapidArc로 비교 분석해 보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 본원에서 치료받은 안와 림프종 환자 4명을 대상으로 IMRT, VMAT을 이용한 partial-single arc(SA)와 partial-double arc(DA)로 전산화치료계획을 수립하였다. 각 치료계획의 평가는 PTV의 CI(conform -ity Index)값과 PCI(Paddick's Conformity Index)값, HI(Homogeneity Index)값을 구하여 비교 평가하였으며 주변 정상조직의 선량평가를 시행하였다. 또한 각 치료계획의 MU(Monitor Unit)값을 비교하고 치료시간과 수정체의 선량을 측정해보았다. 결 과 : PTV의 CI값을 분석한 결과 각 0.88, 0.86, 0.92로 DA의 값이 가장 컸으며 PCI값은 1.41, 1.44, 1.33으로 DA에서 값이 가장 작게 나타났다. 또한 HI값은 1.18, 1.20, 1.15로 DA에서 가장 낮은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 안와 림프종 주변 정상조직의 mean dose와 $V_30$, $V_20$, $V_10$, $V_5$의 값을 분석하였다. 그 결과 반대측 수정체, 눈물샘, 시신경, 안와의 선량이 SA에서 가장 높았고 IMRT에서 가장 낮게 나타났다. 평균 MU값과 치료시간은 IMRT가 SA에 비해 약 3배 정도 높게 나타났다. 결 론 : 안와 림프종 환자 IMRT 치료는 장애를 최소화하고 종양 내 선량 균등성을 높이기 위한 일반적인 치료법이다. 하지만 최근 시행하고 있는 RapidArc 치료계획에서 종양 내 선량 균등성이 IMRT 치료계획보다 우수한 결과 값을 보였고 정상조직의 선량 비교에서 큰 차이를 보이지 않았을 뿐만 아니라 MU와 치료시간 또한 약 1/3로 줄일 수 있었다. 이러한 이점은 안와 림프종 환자의 RapidArc 치료계획에 대한 지속적인 연구를 통해 치료의 효율성을 높일 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

세기변조방사선치료의 정도관리를 위한 두경부 팬톰 제작에 관한 연구 (The Study on the Head and Neck Phantom for Quality Assurance of Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy)

  • 신동호;박성용;김주영;이세병;조정근;김대용;조관호
    • 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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    • 제16권1호
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    • pp.39-46
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    • 2005
  • m3 (BrainLAB Inc., Germany)를 이용한 두경부 IMRT의 정도관리에서 테이블과 갠트리의 위치에 따라 테이블에 의한 선량감쇠가 일어나 정확한 처방 선량을 측정할 수 없다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위해 두경부 종양의 세기변조방사선치료를 위해 Brain Lab사의 환자테이블 mount를 이용해 설치할 수 있는 원통형 두경부 팬톰을 제작하였다. 이를 이용하여 환자테이블에 의한 선량 감쇠를 측정하고 실제 임상에 적용함으로써 테이블에 의한 선량 감쇠로 인한 선량분포의 차이를 확인할 수 있었다. 측정결과 환자테이블에 의한 점 선량의 감쇠가 최대 약 35%가 났으며 실제 환자 치료계획에 대한 정도관리에서의 절대점 선량의 경우 5.4%의 선량차이를 나타냈다.

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전립선 암 환자의 IMRT, USPT, 및 IMPT 기법에 따른 치료효과 비교 (Comparison of Intensity-modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT), Uniform Scanning Proton Therapy (USPT), and Intensity-modulated Proton Therapy (IMPT) for Prostate Cancer: A Treatment Planning Study)

  • 손기홍;조승룡;김진성;한영이;주상규;안성환;신은혁;신정석;박원;표홍렬;최두호
    • 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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    • 제24권3호
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    • pp.154-161
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    • 2013
  • 본 연구는 총 10명의 전립선 암 환자를 대상으로 세기조절방사선치료(IMRT), 균일스캐닝양성자치료(USPT), 그리고 세기조절양성자치료(IMPT)기술을 이용한 치료계획의 결과를 비교, 평가 하였다. 각 치료 계획은 타깃 체적의 95%에 70 Gy가 28회 분할 조사되도록 하였으며 세기조절방사선치료(IMRT)에서는 step-and-shoot 기법을 이용하여 총 7개의 빔을 사용하여 방사선을 조사하였고, 균일세기양성자치료(USPT)와 세기조절양성자치료(IMPT)에서는 동일한 방사선 가중치의 측방향대향조사면(lateral opposing field)를 사용하여 타깃에 처방선량이 전달되도록 하였다. 한편, 세기조절양성자치료(IMPT)의 최적화를 위해 IMRT치료와 유사한 Inverse planning을 수행하였다. 결과 비교를 위해 타깃의 균질성지수(homogeneity index) 및 동형지수(conformity index)와 정상조직의 정상조직합병증확률(NTCP)을 계산하였다. 비록 치료기법간에 균질성지수(homogeneity index), 동형지수(conformity index)차이가 크지 않았지만, 직장의 경우 각 세기조절방사선치료(IMRT), 균일스캐닝 양성자치료(USPT) 및 세기조절양성자치료(IMPT)에서 2.233, 3.326 및 1.707로 계산되었다. 또한 방광의 정상조직합병증확률(NTCP)는 0.008, 0.003, 및 0.002를 나타내었다. 직장과 방광의 NTCP 값이 IMPT을 사용할 때 유의하게 낮은 값을 보이는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구를 통해 전립선 암의 방사선 치료 시 세기조절방사선치료(IMRT)보다 양성자를 이용한 방사선 치료, 특히 최적화된 세기조절양성자치료(IMPT)가 치료 효과를 높일 수 있는 치료계획이 될 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

Comparison of survival rates between patients treated with conventional radiotherapy and helical tomotherapy for head and neck cancer

  • Kong, Moonkyoo;Hong, Seong Eon;Choi, Jinhyun;Kim, Youngkyong
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
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    • 제31권1호
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 2013
  • Purpose: Compared to conventional radiotherapy (RT), intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) significantly reduces the rate of treatment-induced late toxicities in head and neck cancer. However, a clear survival benefit of IMRT over conventional RT has not yet been shown. This study is among the first comparative study to compare the survival rates between conventional RT and helical tomotherapy in head and neck cancer. Materials and Methods: From January 2008 to November 2011, 37 patients received conventional RT and 30 patients received helical tomotherapy for management of head and neck cancer. We retrospectively compared the survival rates between patients treated with conventional RT and helical tomotherapy, and analyzed the prognostic factors for survival. Results: The 1- and 2-year locoregional recurrence-free survival rates were 61.2% and 58.1% for the conventional RT group, 89.3% and 80.3% for the helical tomotherapy group, respectively. The locoregional recurrence-free survival rates of the helical tomotherapy group were significantly higher than conventional RT group (p = 0.029). There were no significant differences in the overall and distant metastasis-free survival between the two groups. RT technique, tumor stage, and RT duration were significant prognostic factors for locoregional recurrence-free survival. Conclusion: This study showed the locoregional recurrence-free survival benefits of helical tomotherapy in the treatment of head and neck cancers.

Determining the Optimal Dose Prescription for the Planning Target Volume with Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients

  • Liu, Xi-Jun;Lin, Xiu-Tong;Yin, Yong;Chen, Jin-Hu;Xing, Li-Gang;Yu, Jin-Ming
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제17권5호
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    • pp.2573-2577
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    • 2016
  • Objective: The aim of this study was to determine a method of dose prescription that minimizes normal tissue irradiation outside the planning target volume (PTV) during stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Methods: Previous research and patients with typical T1 lung tumors with peripheral lesions in the lung were selected for analysis. A PTV and several organs at risk (OARs) were constructed for the dose calculated; six treatment plans employing intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) were produced, in which the dose was prescribed to encompass the PTV, with the prescription isodose level (PIL) set at 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 or 95% of the isocenter dose. Additionally, four OARs around the PTV were constructed to evaluate the dose received in adjacent tissues. Results: The use of higher PILs for SBRT resulted in improved sparing of OARs, with the exception of the volume of lung treated with a lower dose. Conclusions: The use of lower PILs is likely to create significant inhomogeneity of the dose delivered to the target, which may be beneficial for the control of tumors with poor conformity indices.

Prognostic value of nodal SUVmax of 18F-FDG PET/CT in nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy

  • Lee, So Jung;Kay, Chul-Seoung;Kim, Yeon-Sil;Son, Seok Hyun;Kim, Myungsoo;Lee, Sea-Won;Kang, Hye Jin
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
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    • 제35권4호
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    • pp.306-316
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    • 2017
  • Purpose: To investigate the predictive role of maximum standardized uptake value ($SUV_{max}$) of 2-[$^{18}F$]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose($^{18}F-FDG$) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in nasopharyngeal cancer patients treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). Materials and Methods: Between October 2006 and April 2016, 53 patients were treated with IMRT in two institutions and their PET/CT at the time of diagnosis was reviewed. The $SUV_{max}$ of their nasopharyngeal lesions and metastatic lymph nodes (LN) was recorded. IMRT was delivered using helical tomotherapy. All patients except for one were treated with concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT). Correlations between $SUV_{max}$ and patients' survival and recurrence were analyzed. Results: At a median follow-up time of 31.5 months (range, 3.4 to 98.7 months), the 3-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 83.2% and 77.5%, respectively. In univariate analysis, patients with a higher nodal pre-treatment $SUV_{max}$ (${\geq}13.4$) demonstrated significantly lower 3-year OS (93.1% vs. 55.5%; p = 0.003), DFS (92.7% vs. 38.5%; p < 0.001), locoregional recurrence-free survival (100% vs. 50.5%; p < 0.001), and distant metastasis-free survival (100% vs. 69.2%; p = 0.004), respectively. In multivariate analysis, high pre-treatment nodal $SUV_{max}$ (${\geq}13.4$) was a negative prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratio [HR], 7.799; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.506-40.397; p = 0.014) and DFS (HR, 9.392; 95% CI, 1.989-44.339; p = 0.005). Conclusions: High pre-treatment nodal $SUV_{max}$ was an independent prognosticator of survival and disease progression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients treated with IMRT in our cohort. Therefore, nodal $SUV_{max}$ may provide important information for identifying patients who require more aggressive treatment.

유방암 세기조절방사선치료에서의 호흡운동 영향 (Impact of Respiratory Motion on Breast Cancer Intensity-modulated Radiation Therapy)

  • 정원규;정미주;신동오;김동욱
    • 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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    • 제27권2호
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    • pp.93-97
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    • 2016
  • 유방암 환자에 대한 세기조절방사선치료(IMRT)를 수행함에 있어서 환자의 호흡이 계획표적부피(PTV) 내의 선량분포에 미치는 영향을 평가하고 그 영향을 감소시킬 수 있는 방안에 대해 연구를 수행하였다. 이에 따라 호흡위상별 전산화단층 촬영술(4DCT) 영상을 획득하여 IMRT 치료계획에 적용하고 호흡위상 30%와 60%, 90%에서 PTV에 조사된 선량분포와 선량균질지수(HI), 덮힘율지수(CVI), 처방선량지수(CI)를 선량-부피히스토그램(DVH)을 이용하여 비교하였다. 또한 치료 부위의 피부에 조직보상체와 가상계획표적부피 설정을 통하여 유방암 IMRT중에 발생할 수 있는 호흡운동에 의한 부작용 감소 효과를 평가해 보았다. 조직보상체를 사용하지 않는 경우에 HI가 2배 증가하고 CVI는 상대적으로 감소하였으나 조직 보상체와 가상계획표적부피를 사용한 경우에는 환자의 호흡에 따른 표적부피 선량 변화가 상대적으로 크지 않게 평가되었다. 따라서 유방암 환자의 대한 IMRT 치료에서의 정밀도 향상을 위하여 조직보상체 및 가상계획표적부피 사용이 한가지 방안이 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

A Method for Estimating the Lung Clinical Target Volume DVH from IMRT with and without Respiratory Gating

  • J. H. Kung;P. Zygmanski;Park, N.;G. T. Y. Chen
    • 한국의학물리학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국의학물리학회 2002년도 Proceedings
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    • pp.53-60
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    • 2002
  • Motion of lung tumors from respiration has been reported in the literature to be as large as of 1-2 cm. This motion requires an additional margin between the Clinical Target Volume (CTV) and the Planning Target Volume (PTV). While such a margin is necessary, it may not be sufficient to ensure proper delivery of Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) to the CTV during the simultaneous movement of the DMLC. Gated treatment has been proposed to improve normal tissues sparing as well as to ensure accurate dose coverage of the tumor volume. The following questions have not been addressed in the literature: a) what is the dose error to a target volume without gated IMRT treatment\ulcorner b) what is an acceptable gating window for such treatment. In this study, we address these questions by proposing a novel technique for calculating the 3D dose error that would result if a lung IMRT plan were delivered without gating. The method is also generalized for gated treatment with an arbitrary triggering window. IMRT plans for three patients with lung tumor were studied. The treatment plans were generated with HELIOS for delivery with 6 MV on a CL2100 Varian linear accelerator with a 26 pair MLC. A CTV to PTV margin of 1 cm was used. An IMRT planning system searches for an optimized fluence map ${\Phi}$ (x,y) for each port, which is then converted into a dynamic MLC file (DMLC). The DMLC file contains information about MLC subfield shapes and the fractional Monitor Units (MUs) to be delivered for each subfield. With a lung tumor, a CTV that executes a quasi periodic motion z(t) does not receive ${\Phi}$ (x,y), but rather an Effective Incident Fluence EIF(x,y). We numerically evaluate the EIF(x,y) from a given DMLC file by a coordinate transformation to the Target's Eye View (TEV). In the TEV coordinate system, the CTV itself is stationary, and the MLC is seen to execute a motion -z(t) that is superimposed on the DMLC motion. The resulting EIF(x,y)is inputted back into the dose calculation engine to estimate the 3D dose to a moving CTV. In this study, we model respiratory motion as a sinusoidal function with an amplitude of 10 mm in the superior-inferior direction, a period of 5 seconds, and an initial phase of zero.

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Re-irradiation of unresectable recurrent head and neck cancer: using Helical Tomotherapy as image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy

  • Jeong, Songmi;Yoo, Eun Jung;Kim, Ji Yoon;Han, Chi Wha;Kim, Ki Jun;Kay, Chul Seung
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
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    • 제31권4호
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    • pp.206-215
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    • 2013
  • Purpose: Re-irradiation (re-RT) is considered a treatment option for inoperable locoregionally recurrent head and neck cancer (HNC) after prior radiotherapy. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of re-RT using Helical Tomotherapy as image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy in recurrent HNC. Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with recurrent HNC and received re-RT were retrospectively reviewed. Primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) and secondary endpoints were locoregional control and toxicities. Results: The median follow-up period of total 9 patients was 18.7 months (range, 4.1 to 76 months) and that of 3 alive patients was 49 months (range, 47 to 76 months). Median dose of first radiotherapy and re-RT was 64.8 and 47.5 $Gy_{10}$. Median cumulative dose of the two courses of radiotherapy was 116.3 $Gy_{10}$ (range, 91.8 to 128.9 $Gy_{10}$) while the median interval between the two courses of radiation was 25 months (range, 4 to 137 months). The response rate after re-RT of the evaluated 8 patients was 75% (complete response, 4; partial response, 2). Median locoregional relapse-free survival after re-RT was 11.9 months (range, 3.4 to 75.1 months) and 5 patients eventually presented with treatment failure (in-field failure, 2; in- and out-field failure, 2; out-field failure, 1). Median OS of the 8 patients was 20.3 months (range, 4.1 to 75.1 months). One- and two-year OS rates were 62.5% and 50%, respectively. Grade 3 leucopenia developed in one patient as acute toxicity, and grade 2 osteonecrosis and trismus as chronic toxicity in another patient. Conclusion: Re-RT using Helical Tomotherapy for previously irradiated patients with unresectable locoregionally recurrent HNC may be a feasible treatment option with long-term survival and acceptable toxicities.

방사선 치료 중 MOSFET 검출기를 이용한 체표면 선량측정법 (In Vivo Dosimetry with MOSFET Detector during Radiotherapy)

  • 김원택;기용간;권수일;임상욱;허현도;이석;권병현;김동원;조삼주
    • 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.17-23
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    • 2006
  • 생체내선량측정법(In vivo dosimetry)은 방사선치료 시 선량학적 오차 및 치료장비의 비정상적인 작동을 검출할 수 있는 환자 치료검증방법이다 본 연구에서는 생체내선량측정법 중 환자 체표면에 선량계를 부착하여 환자 치료와 동시에 치료 검증을 할 수 있는 체표면선량측정법을 연구하였다. 이를 위해 선량 재현성 및 방향성이 우수한 MOSFET 검출기를 이용하였다. 선량 검증의 유용성 평가를 위해 치료계획장비의 치료계획검증기능을 이용하여 선량측정지점의 전달선량을 획득하였으며, 이를 MOSFET 검출기의 측정 결과와 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과 MOSFET 검출기의 교정값 및 재현성은 제작사가 제시한 기준값에 대해 ${\pm}2%$ 이내에서 일치하였고, 각 환자에서의 체표면선량측정값은 치료계획에서 얻은 값과 ${\pm}5%$이내에서 일치함을 알 수 있었다. 기존의 전리함과 다이오드 검출기를 사용한 체표면선량측정법은 단순한 치료기법에만 한정하여 사용할 수 있었다. 그러나 본 연구에서 이용한 MOSFET 검출기는 복잡한 방사선치료기법(3 dimensional radiotherapy, intensity modulated radiotherapy)에서 치료계획상의 전달선량을 환자 체표면에서 직접적으로 측정할 수 있어 임상적용의 유용함을 알 수 있었다.

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