• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.121-132
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• 2017

Purpose: In this study the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Cancer Stigma Scale (KCSS) was evaluated. Methods: The KCSS was formed through translation and modification of Cataldo Lung Cancer Stigma Scale. The KCSS, Psychological Symptom Inventory (PSI), and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire - Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) were administered to 247 men and women diagnosed with one of the five major cancers. Construct validity, item convergent and discriminant validity, concurrent validity, known-group validity, and internal consistency reliability of the KCSS were evaluated. Results: Exploratory factor analysis supported the construct validity with a six-factor solution; that explained 65.7% of the total variance. The six-factor model was validated by confirmatory factor analysis (Q (${\chi}^2/df$)= 2.28, GFI=.84, AGFI=.81, NFI=.80, TLI=.86, RMR=.03, and RMSEA=.07). Concurrent validity was demonstrated with the QLQ-C30 (global: r=-.44; functional: r=-.19; symptom: r=.42). The KCSS had known-group validity. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the 24 items was .89. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the 24-item KCSS has relatively acceptable reliability and validity and can be used in clinical research to assess cancer stigma and its impacts on health-related quality of life in Korean cancer patients.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.272-277
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• 2017

Organic-inorganic hybrid thermoelectric materials have obtained increasing attention because it opens the possibility of enhancing thermoelectric performance by utilizing the low thermal conductivity of organic thermoelectric materials and the high Seebeck coefficient of inorganic thermoelectric materials. Moreover, the organic-inorganic hybrid thermoelectric materials possess numerous advantages, including functional aspects such as flexibility or transparency, low cost raw materials, and simplified fabrication processes, thus, allowing for a wide range of potential applications. In this study, the types and synthesis methods of organic-inorganic thermoelectric hybrid materials were discussed along with the methods used to enhance their thermoelectric properties. As a key factor to maximize the thermoelectric performances of hybrid thermoelectric materials, the nanoengineering to control the nanostructure of the inorganic materials as well as the modification of the organic material structure and doping level are considered, respectively. Meanwhile, the interface between the inorganic and organic phase is also important to develop the hybrid thermoelectric module with excellent reliability and high thermoelectric efficiency in addition to its performance in various electronic devices.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.87-96
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• 2004

This paper summarizes the research results of the load management for pole transformers done in 1997-1998 and 2000-2002. The purpose of the research is to enhance the accuracy of peak load estimation in pole transformers. We concentrated our effort on the acquisition of massive actual load data for modifying the load regression coefficients, which related to the peak load estimation of lamp-use customers, and adjusting the demand-factor coefficients, which used for the peak load prediction of motor-use customers. To enhance the load regression equations, the 264 load data acquisition devices are equipped to the sample pole transformers. For the modification of demand factor coefficients, the peak load currents are measured in each customer and pole transformer for 13 KEPCO (Korea Electric Power Corporation) distribution branch offices. Case studies for 50 sample pole transformers show that the proposed coefficients could reduce estimating error of the peak load for pole transformers, compared with the conventional one.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.15-18
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• 2004

Nondestructive damage sensing and mechanical properties for thermal treated carbon nanotube(CNT) and nanofiber(CNF)/epoxy composites were investigated using electro-micromechanical technique. Carbon black (CB) was used only for the comparison. Electro-micromechanical techniques were applied to obtain the fiber damage and stress transferring effect of carbon nanocomposites with their contents. Thermal treatment and temperature affected on apparent modulus and electrical properties on nanocomposites due to enhanced inherent properties of each CNMs. Coefficient of variation (COV) of volumetric electrical resistance can be used to obtain the dispersion degree indirectly for various CNMs. Dispersion and surface modification are very important parameters to obtain improved mechanical and electrical properties of CNMs for multifunctional applications. Further optimized functionalization and dispersion conditions will be investigated for the following work continuously.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2014

Generally, marine transmissions contain straight shafts and helical gears, meaning that enginerooms require more space. In order to guarantee a levelengine space for conical involute gears or beveloid gears, both of which are important machine parts, a conical gear was used to replace the traditional cylinder gear. Owing to weak points such as the point contact phenomenon of the teeth, a limitation of the width of each tooth in terms of the addendum, the variational modification coefficient,and the difficulty of processing, research about conical involute gears remains at a standstill. Along with the increasing number of applications of conical involute gears, research on conical gear design technology is necessary. In this paper, in an effort to enhance conical gear design technology, research on the 3D modeling and stress analyses of helical conical involute gears were done.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.467-470
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• 2002

The offects of a small control rod (d=3mm) located near a main circular cylinder on the drag reduction and wake structure modification were investigated. The location of the small control rod mounted on a rod-like spring is self-adjusting according to the wake structure far optimal control of the flow around the main cylinder. The experiments were carried out at the Reynolds numbers based on the cylinder diameter (D=50mm) in the range $Re_{D}=1{\times}10^4{\~}6{\times}10^4$. Mean velocity and turbulent statistics were measured with varying the angle along the cylinder circumference ${\Theta}=15^{\circ},\;30^{\circ},\;45^{\circ}$ and the distance between the main and control rods L =0.7, 1. Compared with the bare cylinder, the main circular cylinder with the fixed and self-adjusting rods reduced drag coefficient by $10{\%}$ at the angle of ${\Theta}=45^{\circ}$. For the main cylinder with self-adjusting rot as the Reynolds numbers increase, the streamwise mean velocity is increased, however, the turbulence intensity is decreased. In addition, the control rods tested in this study are effective at higher Reynolds number than at lower Reynolds number.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.873-879
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• 2010

It is common to predict structural dynamic design parameters due to the change of design parameter, but to predict the amount of changed design parameter where the mass and stiffness are being modified are rarely found in previous literature. In this study, the changed design parameter in a proportional damping system is predicted by using sensitivity coefficients and an iterative method. The sensitivity coefficients are determined from the changes in eigenvectors; these changes are due to modification. This method is applied to a three-story shear structure. To validate the prediction of the changed design parameter, the results are compared to the reanalysis results; both results are in good agreement.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.21-38
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• 2016

Many studies have been carried out to investigate the important factors in calculating the realistic entropy amount of water distribution networks, but none of them have considered both mechanical and hydraulic characteristics of the networks. Also, the entropy difference in various networks has not been calculated exactly. Therefore, this study suggested a modified entropy function to calculate the informational entropy of water distribution networks so that the order of demand nodes and entropy difference among various networks could be calculated by taking into account both mechanical and hydraulic characteristics of the network. This modification was performed through defining a coefficient in the entropy function as the amount of outflow at each node to all dissipated power in the network. Hence, a more realistic method for calculating entropy was presented by considering both mechanical and hydraulic characteristics of network while keeping simplicity. The efficiency of the suggested method was evaluated by calculating the entropy of some sample water networks using the modified function.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.273-282
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• 2020

A new seismic design methodology for precast concrete diaphragms has been developed and incorporated into the current American seismic design code. This design methodology recognizes that diaphragm inertial forces during earthquakes are highly influenced by higher dynamic vibration modes and incorporates the higher mode effect into the diaphragm seismic design acceleration determination using a first mode reduced method, which applies the response modification coefficient only to the first mode response but keeps the higher mode response unreduced. However the first mode reduced method does not consider effects of diaphragm flexibility, which plays an important role on the diaphragm seismic response especially for the precast concrete diaphragm. Therefore this paper investigated the effect of diaphragm flexibility on the diaphragm seismic design acceleration for precast concrete shear wall structures through parametric studies. Several design parameters were considered including number of stories, diaphragm geometries and stiffness. It was found that the diaphragm flexibility can change the structural dynamic properties and amplify the diaphragm acceleration during earthquakes. Design equations for mode contribution factors considering the diaphragm flexibility were first established through modal analyses to modify the first mode reduced method in the current code. The modified first mode reduced method has then been verified through nonlinear time history analyses.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.418-426
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• 2005

Efficiency of the compressor is most important parameter in the domestic refrigerator which runs year around. With developed analytical model about heat transfer analysis in the hermetic compressor, parametric study was performed to know the effect on efficiency by design and material modification of the compressor. Volumetric efficiency of the compressor increased approximately $3\%$ when insulation is increased about $50\%$ in suction component. However, the insulation effect on discharge component was only $1\%$. When the thermal conductivity of the discharge plenum is reduced from 300 to 20 $W/m{\cdot}K$, volumetric efficiency increased about $3.1\%$. There is no attraction in efficiency increment with variation of outside surface area of the compressor and radial heat transfer coefficient of the solid component in the compressor shell.