• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.9-20
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• 2014

Steel intermediate moment frames (IMFs) have been generally used as seismic load resisting systems (SLRSs) of a building to provide resistances against strong ground shaking. However, most of low and mid-rise steel buildings in Korea were constructed during pre-seismic code era or before the introduction of well-organized current seismic codes. It has been recognized that the seismic performance of these steel IMFs is still questionable. In order to respond to such a question, this study quantitatively investigates the seismic capacities of steel IMFs. Prototype models are built according to the number of stories, the levels of elastic seismic design base shear and the ductilities of structural components. Also, the other prototype models employing hysteretic energy dissipating devices (HEDDs) are considered. The collapse mechanism and the seismic performance of the prototype models are then described based on the results obtained from nonlinear-static and incremental-dynamic analyses. The seismic performance of the prototype models is assessed from collapse margin ratio (CMR) and collapse probability. From the assessment, the prototype model representing new steel IMFs has enough seismic capacities while, the prototype models representing existing steel IMFs provide higher collapse probabilities. From the analytic results of the prototype models retrofitted with HEDDs, the HEDDs enhance the seismic performance and collapse capacity of the existing steel IMFs. This is due to the energy dissipating capacity of the HEDDs and the redistribution of plastic hinges.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.15-27
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• 2008

Games can be divided into different genres such as action, adventure, role playing, simulation and etc based on the types of the play provided to a player. And each genre has various kinds of balancing system. Fighting games are classified as one of the action genres. They seem to have a simple structure but there is a variety of complex balancing factors. Because there are quite a number of the fighting games that were developed in a relatively short period, it is possible to identify diverse balancing systems in the fighting games from unstable ones in the early stage to the recent ones in a stable condition. The balancing system allows players to use all the contents offered in the game by eliminating the imbalance created among the various components. It helps players maintain their interest during the procedure. Furthermore, it gives the justification, increases the efficiency of controlling, and develops the empathy in the process. Therefore, the balancing system plays a crucial role in the games when it comes to getting an evaluation and building popularity, which can determine its lifespan. In this study, we researched on the possibilities of expanding an application to the other genres by understanding the established balancing model developed from the case study of the fighting games.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.47-58
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• 2012

This study selects political and military decision factors of Participatory Government's Wartime Operational Control(OPCON) Transition and analyzes, both quantitatively and qualitatively, the effects and relations between those factors. Previous research utilizing the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) selected their decision factors based on academic data and field experience, requiring more objective analysis of the factors. For this study, we conducted a survey among security subject matter experts(SME) both online and offline. The results show that OPCON transition's decision factors were to 'recover military sovereignty', 'set the conditions for peaceful reunification' and 'improve ROK image through enhancing national power' which differs little from the previous AHP method studies. It also showed that 'recover military sovereignty' and 'set the conditions for peaceful reunification' had no relationship to each other and that the key factor that decided the OPCON Transition was actually 'recover military sovereignty' which represents the interest of the liberal party in ROK. This study finds its meaning by analyzing the decision factors of Participartory Government's OPCON Transition thorugh Delphi and DEMATEL method.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.7-17
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• 2014

Molten salt electrorefining process achieves uranium deposits at cathode using an electrochemical processing of spent nuclear fuel. In order to recover pure uranium from cathode deposit containing about 30wt% salt, the adhered salt should be removed by cathode process (CP). The CP has been regarded as one of the bottle-neck of the pyroprocess as the large amount of uranium is treated in this step and the operation parameters are crucial to determine the final purity of the product. Currently, related research activities are mainly based on experiments consequently it is hard to observe processing variables such as temperature, pressure and salt gas behavior during the operation of the cathode process. Hence, in this study operation procedure of cathode process is numerically described by using appropriate mathematical model. The key parameters of this research are the amount of evaporation at the distillation part, diffusion coefficient of gas phase salt in cathode processor and phase change rate at condensation part. Each of these conditions were composed by Hertz-Langmuir equation, Chapman-Enskog theory, and interphase mass flow application in ANSYS-CFX. And physical properties of salt were taken from the data base in HSC Chemistry. In this study, calculation results on the salt gas behavior and optimal operating condition are discussed. The numerical analysis results could be used to closely understand the physical phenomenon during CP and for further scale up to commercial level.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.41
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• pp.223-252
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• 2015

Previous literature reviews have provided important insights into social game addictions, but the issue still needs to be examined from other directions such as the distribution of research purposes. For this purpose, 61 papers from selected journals were analyzed by a meta-analysis method. Specifically, this study poses the following three research questions: (1) What are the major of research purposes and methodologies? (2) What are the highly cited articles in studies of social game addictions? Results showed five new findings: (1) the research purpose of most social game addictions studies focuses on investigating the effect, followed by evaluating the influence of social game addictions. (2) Surveys and experimental methods were the preferred research methods, regardless of whether the research purpose focused on investigating or evaluation. (3) Social game addictions studies are most prevalent at the game users, higher education institutions, followed by schools. (4) Social game addictions studies most frequently supports researcher in the professions and applied sciences, followed by humanities, formal sciences and social sciences. (5) The most highly cited articles fall into the categories of investigating the effects and followed by evaluating the influence, designing a model and evaluating the effects of social game addictions. In this regard, this study of issues in social game addictions presents findings that can help supplement linkages with previous studies and forms an important reference base to pursue deeper academic discussions in the current research fields. These results and findings not only to supplement understanding of social game addictions based on different and important viewpoints, but also to provide useful insights for researchers and educators into issues related to social game addictions studies in future.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.517-529
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate the scale for university students' health behaviors. This research is based on Roger's(1975) Protection Motivation Theory and Weinstein(1988)'s Precaution Adoption Process Model as theoretical frameworks. The contents of the scale were first abstracted from personal depth interviews of qualitative study on university students' health behavior experiences and review of its related literature. The initial items consisted of 76 behavior questions and 34 perception questions. After conducting the preliminary test, 33 behavior questions and 24 perception questions were selected for the final test by revisions on the basis of the result of the content validity test and the item understanding test. The questionnaires for the final test were distributed to 400 students enrolled in three universities. The questionnaires collected from 373 participants were analyzed by the SPSS program. From the examination of construct validity, item correlation, and factor relation turned out to be relevant. Five factors were determined from 27 items with a cumulative explained variance of 54.498 %. After examining reliability and validity of the collected dat, 27 items were finalized as the scale for university students' health behaviors.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.44
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• pp.223-247
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to explore the anti-smoking message effects and smoking status on smoking belief attributes. Based on the health behavior theories such as theory of reasoned action, health belief model, and social cognitive theory, three factors are selected to investigate the effects of anti-smoking campaign messages. The balance of benefits and barriers, self-efficacy, and social pressure are selected as independent variables. Three two-way ANOVA were conducted. Results showed that the main effect of social pressure were found with the social smoking attributes. Interaction effects were found on the nonsmoker-social pressure group and the non-smoker-two sided message group. It is found that nonsmokers accepted these two anti-smoking messages easily as compared to smoker groups. No main smoking status was found in this study; it is believed that smoking is a habitual that is not changed easily because attitude formation takes time. Results revealed that the two-sided message video releases and the social pressure video releases were favored by both smokers and nonsmokers. This study contributes the theoretical framework that can be transferred to the practices of anti-smoking campaign. Also, the researcher produced the televised stimuli which is not common in health message studies. By using the televised message material, the research tried to solve the validity problem which is common in experimental design.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.17-26
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• 2016

This paper presents an adaptive slicing method based on merging vertical layer polylines. Firstly, we slice the input 3D polygon model uniformly with the minimum printable thickness, which results in bounding polylines of the cross section at each layer. Next, we group a set of layer polylines according to vertical connectivity. We then remove polylines in overdense area of each group. The number of layers to merge is determined by the layer thickness computed using the cusp height of the layer. A set of layer polylines are merged into a single polyline by removing the polylines within the layer thickness. The proposed method maintains the shape features as well as reduces the printing time. For evaluation, we sliced ten 3D polygon models using our method and a global adaptive slicing method and measured the total length of polylines which determines the printing time. The result showed that the total length from our method was shorter than the other method for all ten models, which meant that our method achieved less printing time.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.17 no.6 s.90
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• pp.955-962
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• 2005

Still no accurate theory exists for predicting ultimate shear strength of deep reinforced concrete beams because of the structural and material non-linearity after cracking. Currently, the load capacity assesment is performed for the upper structure of the bridges and containing non-reliability in the applications and results. The purpose in this study is to evaluate analytically the complex shear behaviors and normal strength for the reinforced concrete deep beams and to offer the accuracy load capacity assesment method based on the reliability theories. This paper presents a method for the load capacity assesment of reinforcement concrete deep beams using nonlinear finite element analysis. A computer program named RCAHEST (Reinforced Concrete Analysis in Higher Evaluation System Technology), for the analysis of reinforced concrete structures was used. Material non-linearity is taken Into account by comprising tensile, compressive and shear models of cracked concrete and a model of reinforcing steel. From the results, determine the reliability index for the failure base on the Euro Code. Then, calculate additional reduction coefficient to satisfy the goals from the reliability analysis. The proposed numerical method for the load capacity assesment of reinforced concrete deep beams is verified by comparison with the others methods.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.723-730
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• 2011

It is very important to experimentally evaluate concrete behavior at elevated temperature because aggregates make up approximately 80 percent of volume in concrete. In this study, an experiment to evaluate mechanical properties of normal weight and light weight concrete of 60 MPa was conducted. Based on loading level of 0, 20 and 40 percent, the tests of 28 days compressive strength, elastic modulus, thermal strain, total strain, and transient creep using ${\phi}100{\times}200mm$ cylindrical specimens at elevated temperature were performed. Then, the results were compared with CEB (Committes Euro-international du Beton) model code. The results showed that thermal strain of light weight concrete was smaller than normal weight concrete. Also, the results showed that compressive strength of light concrete at $700^{\circ}C$ was higher than normal weight concrete and CEB code, similar to that obtained at ambient temperature. Transient creep developed from loading at a critical temperature of $500^{\circ}C$ caused the concrete strains to change from expansion to compression. The transient creep test result showed that internal force was high when the ratio of shrinkage between concrete and aggregate was more influential than thermal expansion.